Antiinflammatory Activities of Curcumin and Spirulina: Focus on Their Role against COVID-19
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have for several years aroused the interest of researchers for their countless properties, including the management of viral infections. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies and research on the antiviral properties of nutraceuticals have greatly increased. More specifically, over the past two years, researchers have focused on analyzing the possible role of nutraceuticals in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or mitigating the symptoms of COVID-19. Among nutraceuticals, turmeric, extracted from the rhizome of the Curcuma Longa plant, and spirulina, commercial name of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis, have assumed considerable importance in recent years. The purpose of this review is to collect, through a search of the most recent articles on Pubmed, the scientific evidence on the role of these two compounds in the fight against COVID-19. In the last two years many hypotheses, some confirmed by clinical and experimental studies, have been made on the possible use of turmeric against COVID-19, while on spirulina and its possible role against SARS-CoV-2 infection information is much less. The demonstrated antiviral properties of spirulina and the fact that these cyanobacteria may modulate or modify some mechanisms also involved in the onset of COVID-19, lead us to think that it may have the same importance as curcumin in fighting this disease and to speculate on the possible combined use of these two substances to obtain a synergistic effect.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Some health-protective properties of spirulina are reflected in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials (Table 2).
“Some health-protective properties of spirulina are reflected in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials (Table 2).”
From Spirulina/Arthrospira/Limnospira—Three Names of the Single Organism (2024) · cites this paper as [157]
Cites
The NLRP3 Inflammasome: an overview of mechanisms of activation and regulation
Kelley, N., Jeltema, D., Duan, Y., & He, Y. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20133328 · Cited by 3,539 · see citing works
Activation of Transcription Factor NF-κB Is Suppressed by Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane)
Singh, S., & Aggarwal, B. B. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.42.24995 · Cited by 1,386 · see citing works
A Review of Micronutrients and the Immune System–Working in Harmony to Reduce the Risk of Infection
Gombart, A. F., Pierre, A., & Maggini, S. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12010236 · Cited by 1,358 · see citing works
Peng, Y., Ao, M., BaoHua, D., Jiang, Y., Yu, L., Chen, Z., Hu, C.-J., & Xu, R. (2021) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s327378 · Cited by 885 · see citing works
Nutraceutical-definition and introduction
Kalra, E. K. (2003) · AAPS PharmSci · doi:10.1208/ps050325 · Cited by 867 · see citing works
Jobin, C., Bradham, C. A., Russo, M. P., Juma, B., Narula, A. S., Brenner, D. A., & Sartor, R. B. (1999) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.163.6.3474 · Cited by 685 · see citing works
The antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities of Spirulina: An overview
Wu, Q., Liu, L., Miron, A., Klímová, B., Wan, D., & Kuča, K. (2016) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-016-1744-5 · Cited by 655 · see citing works
Immunity and immunopathology to viruses: what decides the outcome?
Rouse, B. T., & Sehrawat, S. (2010) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2802 · Cited by 614 · see citing works
Wen, C. C., Kuo, Y., Jan, J., Liang, P., Wang, S., Liu, H.-G., Lee, C., Chang, S., Kuo, C., Lee, S., et al. (2007) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm070295s · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Nanotechnology approaches for global infectious diseases
Kirtane, A. R., Verma, M., Karandikar, P., Furin, J., Langer, R., & Traverso, G. (2021) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41565-021-00866-8 · Cited by 520 · see citing works
Hypolipidemic, Antioxidant, and Antiinflammatory Activities of Microalgae <i>Spirulina</i>
Deng, R., & Chow, T. (2010) · Cardiovascular Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1755-5922.2010.00200.x · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Piperine: A review of its biological effects
Ul‐Haq, I., Imran, M., Nadeem, M., Tufail, T., Gondal, T. A., & Mubarak, M. S. (2020) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.6855 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Nutraceuticals: opening the debate for a regulatory framework
Santini, A., Cammarata, S. M., Capone, G., Ianaro, A., Tenore, G. C., Pani, L., & Novellino, E. (2018) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.13496 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Anti-infective Properties of the Golden Spice Curcumin
Praditya, D., Kirchhoff, L., Brüning, J., Rachmawati, H., Steinmann, J., & Steinmann, E. (2019) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00912 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Curcumin inhibits Zika and chikungunya virus infection by inhibiting cell binding
Mounce, B. C., Cesaro, T., Carrau, L., Vallet, T., & Vignuzzi, M. (2017) · Antiviral Research · doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.03.014 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Shakibaei, M., John, T., Schulze-Tanzil, G. G., Lehmann, I., & Mobasheri, A. (2007) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.01.005 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Zinc and immunity: An essential interrelation
Maares, M., & Haase, H. (2016) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2016.03.022 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Spirulina in Clinical Practice: Evidence‐Based Human Applications
Karkos, P. D., Leong, S. C., Karkos, C. D., Sivaji, N., & Assimakopoulos, D. A. (2008) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1093/ecam/nen058 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Role of Oxidative Stress on SARS-CoV (SARS) and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection: A Review
Suhail, S., Zajac, J. W. P., Fossum, C. J., Lowater, H. R., McCracken, C. N., Severson, N. J., Laatsch, B. F., Narkiewicz-Jodko, A., Johnson, B., Liebau, J., et al. (2020) · The Protein Journal · doi:10.1007/s10930-020-09935-8 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Nano-curcumin therapy, a promising method in modulating inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients
Valizadeh, H., Abdolmohammadi‐Vahid, S., Danshina, S. D., Gençer, M., Ammari, A., Sadeghi, A., Roshangar, L., Aslani, S., Esmaeilzadeh, A., Ghaebi, M., et al. (2020) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107088 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
The Role of Micronutrients in Support of the Immune Response against Viral Infections
Pecora, F., Persico, F., Argentiero, A., Neglia, C., & Esposito, S. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12103198 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
The SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease (M pro ): Structure, function, and emerging therapies for COVID‐19
Hu, Q., Xiong, Y., Zhu, G., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Huang, P. C., & Ge, G. (2022) · MedComm · doi:10.1002/mco2.151 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
The current use and evolving landscape of nutraceuticals
Chopra, A. S., Lordan, R., Horbańczuk, O. K., Atanasov, A. G., Chopra, I., Horbańczuk, J. O., Jóźwik, A., Huang, L., Pirgozliev, V. R., Banach, M., et al. (2021) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106001 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Curcumin inhibits influenza virus infection and haemagglutination activity
Chen, D. W., Shien, J., Tiley, L. S., Chiou, S., Wang, S., Chang, T., Lee, Y., Chan, K., & Hsu, W. (2009) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.09.011 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Jena, A. B., Kanungo, N., Nayak, V., Chainy, G. B. N., & Dandapat, J. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-81462-7 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Curcumin as an Antiviral Agent
Jennings, M. R., & Parks, R. J. (2020) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v12111242 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Turmeric curcumin inhibits entry of all hepatitis C virus genotypes into human liver cells
Anggakusuma, Colpitts, C. C., Schang, L. M., Rachmawati, H., Frentzen, A., Pfaender, S., Behrendt, P., Brown, R. J. P., Bankwitz, D., Steinmann, J., et al. (2013) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-304299 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Antiviral activity of Spirulina maxima against herpes simplex virus type 2
HERNANDEZCORONA, A., NIEVES, I., MECKES, M., CHAMORRO, G., & BARRON, B. (2002) · Antiviral Research · doi:10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00132-8 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Karunaweera, N., Raju, R., Gyengési, E., & nch, G. M. (2015) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2015.00024 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Curcumin and tumor immune-editing: resurrecting the immune system
Bose, S., Panda, A. K., Mukherjee, S., & Sa, G. (2015) · Cell Division · doi:10.1186/s13008-015-0012-z · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Serum zinc and pneumonia in nursing home elderly
Meydani, S. N., Barnett, J. B., Dallal, G. E., Fine, B. C., Jacques, P. F., Leka, L. S., & Hamer, D. H. (2007) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/86.4.1167 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Barnett, J. B., Dao, M. C., Hamer, D. H., Kandel, R., Brandeis, G. H., Wu, D., Dallal, G. E., Jacques, P. F., Schreiber, R., Kong, E., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.115188 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Curcumin as a Potential Treatment for COVID-19
Rattis, B. A. D. C., Ramos, S. G., & Celes, M. R. N. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.675287 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Teli, D., Shah, M. B., & Chhabria, M. T. (2021) · Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences · doi:10.3389/fmolb.2020.599079 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Dietary Supplements and Nutraceuticals under Investigation for COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment
Lordan, R., Rando, H. M., & Greene, C. S. (2021) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00122-21 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Mahmud, S., Uddin, M. A. R., Paul, G. K., Shimu, M. S. S., Islam, S., Rahman, M. E., Islam, A., Islam, M. S., Promi, M. M., Emran, T. B., et al. (2020) · Briefings in Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bib/bbaa428 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Zhang, W., Guo, Y., Han, W., Yang, M., Wen, L., Wang, K., & Jiang, P. (2018) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2018.12.012 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Biller-Takahashi, J. D., Takahashi, L. S., Mingatto, F. E., & Urbinati, E. C. (2015) · Fish & Shellfish Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2015.09.022 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Bioactive Properties of Spirulina: A Review
Anvar, A. A., & Nowruzi, B. (2021) · Microbial Bioactives · doi:10.25163/microbbioacts.412117b0719110521 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The Role of Oxidative Stress in Viral Infections
Beck, M. A., Handy, J., & Levander, O. A. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05456.x · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Marín-Palma, D., Tabares-Guevara, J. H., Zapata-Cardona, M. I., Flórez‐Álvarez, L., Yepes, L. M. R., Rugeles, M. T., Zapata, W., Hernández, J. C., & Taborda, N. A. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26226900 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Ku, C. S., Pham, T. X., Park, Y., Kim, B., Shin, M. S., Kang, I., & Lee, J. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects · doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.01.018 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Therapeutic effects of turmeric in several diseases: An overview
Hay, E., Lucariello, A., Contieri, M., Esposito, T., Luca, A. D., Guerra, G., & Perna, A. (2019) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108729 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationAlvarenga, L., Salarolli, R., Cardozo, L., SANTOS, R. W. D., de Brito, J. S., Kemp, J. A., Reis, D. C. M. V., Paiva, B. R., Stenvinkel, P., Lindholm, B., et al. (2020) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.007 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Kandeil, A., Mostafa, A., Kutkat, O., Moatasim, Y., Al-Karmalawy, A. A., Rashad, A. A., Kayed, A. E., Kayed, A. E., El‐Shesheny, R., Kayali, G., et al. (2021) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens10060758 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Phenolic compounds disrupt spike-mediated receptor-binding and entry of SARS-CoV-2 pseudo-virions
Goc, A., Sumera, W., Rath, M., & Niedzwiecki, A. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0253489 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
(2012) · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Hassaniazad, M., Eftekhar, E., Inchehsablagh, B. R., Kamali, H., Tousi, A., Jaafari, M. R., Rafat, M., Fathalipour, M., Nikoofal‐Sahlabadi, S., Gouklani, H., et al. (2021) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.7294 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Curcumin inhibits HCV replication by induction of heme oxygenase-1 and suppression of AKT
Chen, M.-H., Lee, M., Chuang, J.-J., Li, Y., Ning, S.-T., Chen, J.-C., & Liu, Y. (2012) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.2012.1096 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Pentón-Rol, G., Marín-Prida, J., & McCarty, M. F. (2021) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x19666210408123807 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Turmeric Root and Its Bioactive Ingredient Curcumin Effectively Neutralize SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro
Bormann, M., Alt, M., Schipper, L., van de Sand, L., Le‐Trilling, V. T. K., Rink, L., Heinen, N., Madel, R. J., Otte, M., Wuensch, K., et al. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13101914 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Ngo-Matip, M.-E., Pieme, C. A., Azabji-Kenfack, M., Moukette, B. M., Korosky, E., Stefanini, P., Ngogang, J. Y., & Mbofung, C. M. (2015) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-015-0058-4 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Nanocurcumin improves Treg cell responses in patients with mild and severe SARS-CoV2
Tahmasebi, S., Saeed, B. Q., Temirgalieva, E., Yumashev, A. V., El-Esawi, M. A., Navashenaq, J. G., Valizadeh, H., Sadeghi, A., Aslani, S., Yousefi, M., et al. (2021) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119437 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Spirulina maxima extract prevents activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by inhibiting ERK signaling
Chei, S., Oh, H., Song, J.-H., Seo, Y., Lee, K., Kim, K., & Lee, B.-Y. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58896-6 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Umashankar, V., Deshpande, S., Hegde, H. V., Singh, I., & Chattopadhyay, D. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.672629 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Noor, H., Ikram, A., Rathinavel, T., Kumarasamy, S., Iqbal, M. N., & Bashir, Z. (2021) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2021.1873190 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Asadirad, A., Nashibi, R., Khodadadi, A., Ghadiri, A., Sadeghi, M., Aminian, A., & Dehnavi, S. (2022) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.7375 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Patel, A. D., Rajendran, M., Shah, A. P., Patel, H., Pakala, S. B., & Karyala, P. (2021) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2020.1868338 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
EGYVIR: An immunomodulatory herbal extract with potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2
Roshdy, W. H., Rashed, H. A., Kandeil, A., Mostafa, A., Moatasim, Y., Kutkat, O., Shama, N. M. A., Gomaa, M. R., El-Sayed, I. H., Elguindy, N., et al. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241739 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Nag, A., Paul, S., Banerjee, R., & Kundu, R. (2021) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104818 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Pourhajibagher, M., Azimi, M., Haddadi‐Asl, V., Ahmadi, H., Gholamzad, M., Ghorbanpour, S., & Bahador, A. (2021) · Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102286 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Sharma, V. K., Prateeksha, Singh, S. P., Singh, B. N., Rao, C. V., & Barik, S. K. (2022) · ACS Applied Bio Materials · doi:10.1021/acsabm.1c00874 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Applications of cyanobacteria in biomedicine
Nowruzi, B., Sarvari, G., & Blanco, S. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818305-2.00028-0 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Inflammasomes and SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Kaivola, J., Nyman, T., & Matikainen, S. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13122513 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Nutraceuticals in Viral Infections: An Overview of the Immunomodulating Properties
Costagliola, G., Nuzzi, G., Spada, E., Comberiati, P., Verduci, E., & Peroni, D. G. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13072410 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Singh, S. P., Kola, P., Kaur, D., Singla, G., Mishra, V., Panesar, P. S., Mallikarjunan, K., & Krishania, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.679312 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Effects of different extracts of curcumin on TPC1 papillary thyroid cancer cell line
Perna, A., Luca, A. D., Adelfi, L., Pasquale, T., Varriale, B., & Esposito, T. (2018) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12906-018-2125-9 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationHonarkar-Shafie, E., Taheri, F., Alijani, N., Okhovvat, A. R., Goudarzi, R., Borumandnia, N., Aghaghazvini, L., Rezayat, S. M., Jamalimoghadamsiahkali, S., & Hosseinzadeh‐Attar, M. J. (2022) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.7374 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Kuzmenko, Y. V., Smirnova, O. A., Ivanov, A. V., Starodubova, E. S., & Карпов, В. Л. (2016) · Intervirology · doi:10.1159/000452160 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Halder, P., Pal, U., Paladhi, P., Dutta, S., Paul, P., Pal, S., Das, D., Ganguly, A., Dutta, I., Mandal, S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2021.05.003 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Effects of curcumin and its adjuvant on TPC1 thyroid cell line
Esposito, T., Lucariello, A., Hay, E., Contieri, M., Pasquale, T., Varriale, B., Guerra, G., Luca, A. D., & Perna, A. (2019) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.031 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationJoseph, J., Thankamani, K., Ajay, A., Raj, V. S., & Raj, V. S. (2021) · Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology · doi:10.2174/1389201022666210810111716 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Tzachor, A., Rozen, O., Khatib, S., Jensen, S., & Avni, D. (2021) · Marine Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s10126-021-10020-z · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Naeini, F., Zarezadeh, M., Mohiti, S., Tutunchi, H., Mamaghani, M. E., & Ostadrahimi, A. (2021) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/ijcp.14618 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Supplementation of Diets With Spirulina Influences Immune and Gut Function in Dogs
Satyaraj, E., Reynolds, A. J., Engler, R., Labuda, J., & Sun, P. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.667072 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Spirulina maxima L-asparaginase: Immobilization, Antiviral and Antiproliferation Activities
El‐Baky, H. H. A., & El‐Baroty, G. S. (2019) · Recent Patents on Biotechnology · doi:10.2174/1872208313666191114151344 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Bio-Inspired Computational Algorithms and Their Applications
Gao, S. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/2358 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Turmeric as a Possible Treatment for COVID-19-Induced Anosmia and Ageusia
Chabot, A. B., & Huntwork, M. P. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.17829 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Umadevi, P., Manivannan, S., Fayad, A. M., & Shelvy, S. (2020) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2020.1866669 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
In silico targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and main protease by biochemical compounds
Babaeekhou, L., Ghane, M., & Abbas‐Mohammadi, M. (2021) · Biologia · doi:10.1007/s11756-021-00881-z · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Mulu, A., Gajaa, M., Woldekidan, H. B., & W/mariam, J. F. (2021) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.11590 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Goc, A., Niedzwiecki, A., Ivanov, V. O., Ivanova, S. V., & Rath, M. (2022) · European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology · doi:10.1556/1886.2021.00022 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Kumar, M., Sodhi, K. K., & Singh, D. K. (2021) · Archives of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00203-020-02163-9 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Understanding the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: Its implication for therapeutic strategy
Shimizu, Y. (2020) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v8.i23.5835 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Askari, G., Alikiaii, B., Soleimani, D., Sahebkar, A., Mirjalili, M., Feizi, A., Iraj, B., & Bagherniya, M. (2021) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05372-9 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Nutraceutical Approach to Preventing Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Related Complications
Derosa, G., Maffioli, P., D’Angelo, A., & Pierro, F. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.582556 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Gómez-Téllez, A., Sierra-Puente, D., Muñoz-Gómez, R., Ibarra-Pitts, A., Guevara‐Cruz, M., Hernández-Ortega, M., & Gutiérrez-Salmeán, G. (2020) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2020.00065 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
DiNicolantonio, J., McCarty, M., Barroso-Aranda, J., Assanga, S., Luján, L. M. L., O, & Keefe, J. H. (2021) · Open Heart · doi:10.1136/openhrt-2021-001663 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Spirulina/Arthrospira/Limnospira—Three Names of the Single Organism
Sinetova, M. A., Kupriyanova, E. V., & Los, D. A. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13172762 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Nutritional Supplements for Skin Health—A Review of What Should Be Chosen and Why
Januszewski, J., Forma, A., Zembala, J., Flieger, M., Tyczyńska, M., Dring, J. C., Dudek, I., Świątek, K., & Baj, J. (2023) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina60010068 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Chwil, M., Mihelič, R., Matraszek, R., Terlecka, P., Skoczylas, M. M., & Terlecki, K. (2024) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph17101321 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
The Multifaceted Role of the Polyphenol Curcumin: A Focus on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Campagna, R., Cecati, M., & Vignini, A. (2024) · Current Diabetes Reviews · doi:10.2174/0115733998313402240726080637 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Shamsel‐Din, H. A., Gizawy, M. A., Attaallah, A., & Moustafa, K. A. (2024) · Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s10967-024-09373-1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ravichandran, M., Al-Zharani, M. M., Nasr, F. A., Alneghery, L. M., Mohamed, J. M. M., Kumar, T. T. A., Sureshkumar, B. T., & Dineshkumar, R. (2025) · Chemical Papers · doi:10.1007/s11696-025-04213-2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Muralidas, D., Yaamika, H., Elumalai, K., Cheriyan, B. V., Ramanujam, S. K., & Anandakumar, S. (2023) · Pharmacological Research - Modern Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.prmcm.2023.100330 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Therapeutic Importance of Oxy+: An Overview
Alam, M. A., Eqbal, K., Ahmad, I., Sofi, G., Rahman, M. A., & Alam, M. (2024) · Hippocratic Journal of Unani Medicine · doi:10.4103/hjum.hjum_53_25 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Diniz, A. F. A., Barros, B. C., da Silva, J. M. A., Arruda, R. R. A., Claudino, B. F. D. O., de Melo, M. B., Filho, J. E. C. D. S., Júnior, F. F. L., Soares, M. F. D. S., de Sousa, T. D. S., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1653808
Potential Therapy for Long COVID and Post-vaccination Syndrome
Turčić, M., Pavelić, S. K., & Pavelić, K. (2026) · World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-06531-5_41
Black pepper—Enhancing bioavailability
Goel, F., Jindal, A., Kumar, D., Singh, P., & Yadav, D. K. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-44546-0.00011-6
Samimiazad, A., Mirdamadi, S., & Safavi, M. (2026) · Applied Food Research · doi:10.1016/j.afres.2026.102732
- Authors
- Perna, A., Hay, E., Sellitto, C., Del Genio, E., De Falco, M., Guerra, G., De Luca, A., De Blasiis, P., & Lucariello, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Molise (IT)
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (IT)
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘‘Federico II’’, Naples, Italy
- Parthenope University of Naples (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Perna, Angelica
- Venue
- Journal of Dietary Supplements
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2023-02-02
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 372-389
- ISSN
- 1939-0211 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-022X
- OpenAlex
- W4318926425
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 0.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Dietary Supplements (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Basilicata) (submittedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (submittedVersion)
- Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi del Molise (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (Parthenope University of Naples) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Curcumin's Biomedical Applications
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- curcumin, Spirulina, Spirulina platensis, COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, nutraceuticals, anti-inflammatory activity, antiviral activity, turmeric, synergistic combination, viral infection prevention
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Antiviral Agents, Curcumin, Humans, Spirulina, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review