Internalized weight stigma and intuitive eating among stressed adults during a mindful yoga intervention: associations with changes in mindfulness and self-compassion
Open accessAbstract
Purpose Internalized weight stigma (IWS) is common in the United States of America across body weight categories, and is implicated in the development of distress and unhealthy eating behaviors (e.g. overeating, disordered eating) that can foster poor cardiometabolic health. While emerging intervention research shows early promise in reducing IWS, long-term efficacy is unclear and novel strategies remain needed. This analysis examined whether participation in a mindful yoga intervention was associated with reduced IWS and increased intuitive eating, an adaptive eating behavior, and whether these changes correlated with each other or with changes in mindfulness and self-compassion.Methods Participants were stressed adults with low fruit and vegetable intake (N = 78, 64.1% White, M. Body Mass Index 25.59 ± 4.45) enrolled in a parent clinical trial of a 12-week mindful yoga intervention. Validated self-report measures of IWS, intuitive eating, mindfulness, and self-compassion were administered at pre-treatment, mid-treatment (8 weeks), post-treatment (12 weeks), and 4-month follow-up (24 weeks).Results Linear mixed modeling revealed significant improvements in IWS and intuitive eating across the four timepoints (p < .001). Reduced IWS correlated with increased intuitive eating pre- to post-treatment (p = .01). Improved self-compassion and mindfulness correlated with intuitive eating (both p = . 04), but not IWS (p = .74 and p = .56, respectively).Conclusion This study offers preliminary support for the hypothesis that mindful yoga may promote intuitive eating and reduce IWS among stressed adults with poor diet, and suggests that changes in these factors may co-occur over time. Further investigation with controlled designs is necessary to better understand the temporality and causality of these relationships.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02098018.
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Practices of mindfulness and self-compassion may protect against internalized stigma and body shame.
“Mindfulness and self-compassion practices can additionally buffer various forms of internalized stigma (e.g., Braun et al., 2021; Yang & Mak, 2017) and body shame (Turk et al., 2023).”
From A Randomized Controlled Trial of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy-Informed Diabetes Prevention Program Reduces Body Shame and Distress. (2025) · cites this paper as Braun et al., 2021
The introduction describes mindfulness and self-compassion as possible protective factors against the effects of internalized stigma. However, the Results report that changes in neither were associated with changes in internalized weight stigma, so this study does not establish that the practices buffer stigma itself. Body shame is attributed to a different citation in the citing sentence. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Estey, E. E. E., Roff, C., Kozlowski, M. B., Rovig, S., Guyker, W. M., & Cook‐Cottone, C. P. (2022) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.07.009 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Webb, J. B., Padro, M. P., Thomas, E., Davies, A. E., Etzel, L., Rogers, C. B., & Heredia, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Global Women's Health · doi:10.3389/fgwh.2022.852854 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Braun, T. D., Unick, J. L., Abrantes, A. M., Dalrymple, K. L., Conboy, L. A., Schifano, E. D., Park, C. L., & Lazar, S. W. (2021) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2021.105810 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationAoun, A., Ghoussoub, C., Farsoun, C. G., Mallah, A., Ayoub, F., Trezia, N., & Karam, S. A. (2024) · Journal of the American Nutrition Association · doi:10.1080/27697061.2024.2428290 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Mensinger, J. L., Shepherd, B. F., Schapiro, S., Aware, Y., Brochu, P. M., Calogero, R. M., & Tylka, T. L. (2023) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101730 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Sutarto, S., Warsah, I., Khotimah, K., Prastuti, E., & Morganna, R. (2022) · Islamic Guidance and Counseling Journal · doi:10.25217/igcj.v5i1.2590 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“, 2020), to reach healthy life (Braun et al., 2021), to take care of children for the sake of providing attentive”
BackgroundLipsett, M., & Berkman, E. (2025) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/hea0001434 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Mindfulness and self-compassion practices can additionally buffer various forms of internalized stigma (e.g., Braun et al., 2021; Yang & Mak, 2017) and body shame (Turk et al., 2023).”
Garnsey, C. L., Gnall, K. E., Wilt, J. A., Park, C. L., & Lazar, S. W. (2026) · European Journal of Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.eujim.2026.102619 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationD'Adamo, L., Shonrock, A. T., Monocello, L. T., Goldberg, J., Yaeger, L. H., Jebeile, H., Pearl, R. L., & Wilfley, D. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4844880/v1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“…body dissatisfaction, and body appreciation, yet the degree to which outcomes improved more in intervention vs. control conditions were mixed (23,25,27–36 Physiological outcomes, such as improvements in physical activity, blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol were observed in numerous studies (n =…”
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Bizimana, C., Sy, M., Beltran, F., Kochis, M. A., Griggs, C. L., & Sogg, S. (2026) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-026-08529-0
How personality traits affect intuitive eating in male seafarers
Huang, C., Guo, J., Zhou, X.-N., Zhou, H., Hu, T., Wu, Y., Zheng, H., Wang, M. Q., Wang, W., Liu, Y., et al. (2025) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-025-07471-1
“Mindful yoga, particularly beneficial for crew members in confined spaces, has shown promise in reducing stress and fostering intuitive eating (Braun et al., 2021).”
Agama-Sarabia, A., & Flores-Peña, Y. (2025) · SANUS · doi:10.36789/sanusrevenf..vi21.525
- Authors
- Braun, T. D., Riley, K. E., Kunicki, Z. J., Finkelstein-Fox, L., Conboy, L. A., Park, C. L., Schifano, E., Abrantes, A. M., & Lazar, S. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Connecticut (US)
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
- Miriam Hospital (US)
- Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Brown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Braun, Tosca D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2021-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 933-950
- ISSN
- 2164-2850 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8635578
- OpenAlex
- W3215224241
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 3.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Complementary and Integrative Health (R34-AT007197)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32 HL076134)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Obesity and Health Practices
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Keywords
- internalized weight stigma, intuitive eating, mindful yoga, mindfulness, self-compassion, stress, fruit and vegetable intake, dietary habits, disordered eating, cardiometabolic health
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