The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
IL-21 acts directly on B cells to regulate Bcl-6 expression and germinal center responses
Open accessAbstract
During T cell–dependent responses, B cells can either differentiate extrafollicularly into short-lived plasma cells or enter follicles to form germinal centers (GCs). Interactions with T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are required for GC formation and for selection of somatically mutated GC B cells. Interleukin (IL)-21 has been reported to play a role in Tfh cell formation and in B cell growth, survival, and isotype switching. To date, it is unclear whether the effect of IL-21 on GC formation is predominantly a consequence of this cytokine acting directly on the Tfh cells or if IL-21 directly influences GC B cells. We show that IL-21 acts in a B cell–intrinsic fashion to control GC B cell formation. Mixed bone marrow chimeras identified a significant B cell–autonomous effect of IL-21 receptor (R) signaling throughout all stages of the GC response. IL-21 deficiency profoundly impaired affinity maturation and reduced the proportion of IgG1+ GC B cells but did not affect formation of early memory B cells. IL-21R was required on GC B cells for maximal expression of Bcl-6. In contrast to the requirement for IL-21 in the follicular response to sheep red blood cells, a purely extrafollicular antibody response to Salmonella dominated by IgG2a was intact in the absence of IL-21.
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Cites
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IL-21 initiates an alternative pathway to induce proinflammatory TH17 cells
Korn, T., Bettelli, E., Gao, W., Awasthi, A., Jäger, A., Strom, T. B., Oukka, M., & Kuchroo, V. K. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05970 · Cited by 1,848
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Bcl6 mediates the development of T follicular helper cells
Nurieva, R. I., Chung, Y., Martinez, G. J., Yang, X. O., Tanaka, S., Matskevitch, T. D., Wang, Y.-H., & Dong, C. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1176676 · Cited by 1,506
Essential autocrine regulation by IL-21 in the generation of inflammatory T cells
Nurieva, R., Yang, X. O., Martinez, G., Zhang, Y., Panopoulos, A. D., Ma, L., Schluns, K., Tian, Q., Watowich, S. S., Jetten, A. M., et al. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05969 · Cited by 1,466
The Transcriptional Repressor Bcl-6 Directs T Follicular Helper Cell Lineage Commitment
Yu, D., Rao, S., Tsai, L. M., Lee, S. K., He, Y., Sutcliffe, E. L., Srivastava, M., Linterman, M., Zheng, L., Simpson, N., et al. (2009) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2009.07.002 · Cited by 1,228
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New insights into the regulation of T cells by γc family cytokines
Rochman, Y., Spolski, R., & Leonard, W. J. (2009) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2580 · Cited by 1,053
Germinal-Center Organization and Cellular Dynamics
Allen, C. D. C., Okada, T., & Cyster, J. G. (2007) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2007.07.009 · Cited by 983
Cited by
Follicular Helper CD4 T Cells (T FH )
Crotty, S. (2011) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-031210-101400 · Cited by 2,738
Victora, G. D., & Nussenzweig, M. C. (2012) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075032 · Cited by 1,878
Morita, R., Schmitt, N., Bentebibel, S.-E., Ranganathan, R., Bourdery, L., Zurawski, G., Foucat, E., Dullaers, M., Oh, S., Sabzghabaei, N., et al. (2011) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2010.12.012 · Cited by 1,563
The generation of antibody-secreting plasma cells
Nutt, S. L., Hodgkin, P. D., Tarlinton, D. M., & Corcoran, L. M. (2015) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri3795 · Cited by 1,454
Vinuesa, C. G., Linterman, M. A., Yu, D., & MacLennan, I. C. M. (2016) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-041015-055605 · Cited by 1,141
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Metadata
- Authors
- Linterman, M. A., Beaton, L., Yu, D., Ramiscal, R. R., Srivastava, M., Hogan, J. J., Verma, N. K., Smyth, M. J., Rigby, R. J., & Vinuesa, C. G.
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2010-02-08
- Volume
- 207
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 353-363
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- OpenAlex
- W2081613377
- Cited by
- 801
- References
- 46
- FWCI
- 26.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Linterman, M. A., Beaton, L., Yu, D., Ramiscal, R. R., Srivastava, M., Hogan, J. J., Verma, N. K., Smyth, M. J., Rigby, R. J., & Vinuesa, C. G. (2010). IL-21 acts directly on B cells to regulate Bcl-6 expression and germinal center responses. Journal of Experimental Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20091738
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