GABA transporter function, oligomerization state, and anchoring: correlates with subcellularly resolved FRET
Open accessAbstract
The mouse gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter mGAT1 was expressed in neuroblastoma 2a cells. 19 mGAT1 designs incorporating fluorescent proteins were functionally characterized by [(3)H]GABA uptake in assays that responded to several experimental variables, including the mutations and pharmacological manipulation of the cytoskeleton. Oligomerization and subsequent trafficking of mGAT1 were studied in several subcellular regions of live cells using localized fluorescence, acceptor photobleach Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), and pixel-by-pixel analysis of normalized FRET (NFRET) images. Nine constructs were functionally indistinguishable from wild-type mGAT1 and provided information about normal mGAT1 assembly and trafficking. The remainder had compromised [(3)H]GABA uptake due to observable oligomerization and/or trafficking deficits; the data help to determine regions of mGAT1 sequence involved in these processes. Acceptor photobleach FRET detected mGAT1 oligomerization, but richer information was obtained from analyzing the distribution of all-pixel NFRET amplitudes. We also analyzed such distributions restricted to cellular subregions. Distributions were fit to either two or three Gaussian components. Two of the components, present for all mGAT1 constructs that oligomerized, may represent dimers and high-order oligomers (probably tetramers), respectively. Only wild-type functioning constructs displayed three components; the additional component apparently had the highest mean NFRET amplitude. Near the cell periphery, wild-type functioning constructs displayed the highest NFRET. In this subregion, the highest NFRET component represented approximately 30% of all pixels, similar to the percentage of mGAT1 from the acutely recycling pool resident in the plasma membrane in the basal state. Blocking the mGAT1 C terminus postsynaptic density 95/discs large/zona occludens 1 (PDZ)-interacting domain abolished the highest amplitude component from the NFRET distributions. Disrupting the actin cytoskeleton in cells expressing wild-type functioning transporters moved the highest amplitude component from the cell periphery to perinuclear regions. Thus, pixel-by-pixel NFRET analysis resolved three distinct forms of GAT1: dimers, high-order oligomers, and transporters associated via PDZ-mediated interactions with the actin cytoskeleton and/or with the exocyst.
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The ER forms the primary intracellular compartment of Neuro-2a cells.
“Our previous work used confocal microscopy to show that the ER forms the primary intracellular compartment of Neuro-2a cells (Moss et al., 2009).”
From Nicotine up-regulates α4β2 nicotinic receptors and ER exit sites via stoichiometry-dependent chaperoning (2011) · cites this paper as Moss et al., 2009
Pixel-based NFRET is an appropriate method to determine the stoichiometry of protein complexes in Neuro-2a cells.
“Pixel-based NFRET is an appropriate method to determine the stoichiometry of protein complexes in Neuro-2a cells (Moss et al., 2009; Son et al., 2009).”
From Nicotine up-regulates α4β2 nicotinic receptors and ER exit sites via stoichiometry-dependent chaperoning (2011) · cites this paper as Moss et al., 2009
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Self-citationThe Duplicated α7 Subunits Assemble and Form Functional Nicotinic Receptors with the Full-length α7
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Self-citationFRET Spectrometry: A New Tool for the Determination of Protein Quaternary Structure in Living Cells
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- Authors
- Moss, F. J., Imoukhuede, P. I., Scott, K., Hu, J., Jankowsky, J. L., Quick, M. W., & Lester, H. A.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lester, Henry A.
- Venue
- Journal of General Physiology
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2009-11-30
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 489-521
- ISSN
- 0022-1295 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-7748
- PMC
- PMC2806419
- OpenAlex
- W2137499349
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of General Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- California Institute of Technology
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre
- National Institutes of Health (NS-1 1756)
- BC Cancer Agency
- National Institute on Aging (K01AG026144)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA010509, R29DA010509, DA09121, R01DA009121, DA-10509)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 11756, R01NS011756)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Keywords
- MGAT1, GABA transporters, intracellular trafficking, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, PDZ domain, actin cytoskeleton, exocyst, GABA uptake, plasma membrane recycling, postsynaptic density
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Transport, Cell Line, Cell Membrane, gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Humans, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, Mice
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