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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Immigrant Inflows, Native Outflows, and the Local Labor Market Impacts of Higher Immigration

Open access
Card, David·2001·Journal of Labor Economics

Abstract

This article uses 1990 census data to study the effects of immigrant inflows on occupation‐specific labor market outcomes. I find that intercity mobility rates of natives and earlier immigrants are insensitive to immigrant inflows. However, occupation‐specific wages and employment rates are systematically lower in cities with higher relative supplies of workers in a given occupation. The results imply that immigrant inflows over the 1980s reduced wages and employment rates of low‐skilled natives in traditional gateway cities like Miami and Los Angeles by 1–3 percentage points.

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Metadata

Authors
Card, D.
Venue
Journal of Labor Economics
Published
2001-01
Volume
19
Issue
1
Pages
22-64
ISSN
  • 0734-306X (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-5307
OpenAlex
W2117946532
Cited by
1,772
References
23
FWCI
42.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Immigrant Inflows, Native Outflows, and the Local Labor Market Impacts of Higher Immigration. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/209979
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Card, D. (2001). Immigrant Inflows, Native Outflows, and the Local Labor Market Impacts of Higher Immigration. Journal of Labor Economics. https://doi.org/10.1086/209979

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.