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Cited by 1,242

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Four-Year [ITAL]COBE[/ITAL] DMR Cosmic Microwave Background Observations: Maps and Basic Results

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Bennett, C. L., Banday, A. J., Górski, K. M., Hinshaw, G., Jackson, P., Keegstra, P., Kogut, A., Smoot, G. F., Wilkinson, D. T., Wright, E. L.·1996·The Astrophysical Journal

Abstract

In this Letter we present a summary of the spatial properties of the cosmic microwave background radiation based on the full 4 yr of COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer (DMR) observations, with additional details in a set of companion Letters. The anisotropy is consistent with a scale-invariant power-law model and Gaussian statistics. With full use of the multifrequency 4 yr DMR data, including our estimate of the effects of Galactic emission, we find a power-law spectral index of n = 1.2 ± 0.3 and a quadrupole normalization Q rms-PS = 15.3 −2.8 +3.8 μK. For n = 1 the best-fit normalization is Q rms-PS| n =1 = 18 ± 1.6 μK. These values are consistent with both our previous 1 yr and 2 yr results. The results include use of the ℓ = 2 quadrupole term; exclusion of this term gives consistent results, but with larger uncertainties. The final DMR 4 yr sky maps, presented in this Letter, portray an accurate overall visual impression of the anisotropy since the signal-to-noise ratio is ~2 per 10° sky map patch. The improved signal-to-noise ratio of the 4 yr maps also allows for improvements in Galactic modeling and limits on non-Gaussian statistics.

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Metadata

Authors
Bennett, C. L., Banday, A. J., Górski, K. M., Hinshaw, G., Jackson, P., Keegstra, P., Kogut, A., Smoot, G. F., Wilkinson, D. T., & Wright, E. L.
Venue
The Astrophysical Journal
Published
1996-06-10
Volume
464
Issue
1
Pages
L1-L4
ISSN
0004-637X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2082272630
Cited by
1,242
References
3
FWCI
97.91
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Four-Year [ITAL]COBE[/ITAL] DMR Cosmic Microwave Background Observations: Maps and Basic Results. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/310075
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Bennett, C. L., Banday, A. J., Górski, K. M., Hinshaw, G., Jackson, P., Keegstra, P., Kogut, A., Smoot, G. F., Wilkinson, D. T., & Wright, E. L. (1996). Four-Year [ITAL]COBE[/ITAL] DMR Cosmic Microwave Background Observations: Maps and Basic Results. The Astrophysical Journal. https://doi.org/10.1086/310075

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