Decline in varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-specific cell-mediated immunity with increasing age and boosting with a high-dose VZV vaccine
Abstract
The safety and immunogenecity of a booster dose of live attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccine was evaluated in 196 healthy subjects, >or=60 years old, who had already received a VZV vaccine >5 years before. This repeat booster dose was well tolerated. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to VZV was measured by an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot-forming cell (ELISPOT) assay and a limiting dilution responder cell frequency (RCF) assay. Prevaccination responses decreased as a function of increasing age but were detectable in all subjects by use of the IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay. In most subjects, VZV-specific CMI was increased at 6 weeks postvaccination. The magnitude of the vaccine-induced IFN-gamma ELISPOT response was inversely related to prevaccination values. Although there was a significant correlation between the IFN-gamma ELISPOT and RCF assays, the ELISPOT assay had greater sensitivity and a wider dynamic range. A live attenuated VZV vaccine is safe and immunogenic in an elderly population, and the vaccine-induced immunity may be monitored by the IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay.
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T cell frequencies to VZV decline with age, likely exposing older individuals to VZV reactivation and shingles.
“T cell frequencies to VZV decline with age, presumably exposing aging individuals to VZV reactivation, causing shingles”
From Successful and Maladaptive T Cell Aging (2017) · cites this paper as Levin et al., 2003
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- Authors
- Levin, M. J., Smith, J. G., Kaufhold, R. M., Barber, D., Hayward, A. R., Chan, C. Y., Chan, I. S. F., Li, D. J. J., Wang, W., Keller, P. M., Shaw, A., Silber, J. L., Schlienger, K., Chalikonda, I., Vessey, S. J. R., & Caulfield, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-11
- Volume
- 188
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1336-1344
- ISSN
- 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-6613
- OpenAlex
- W2132828342
- Cited by
- 314
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 7.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Virology and Viral Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Keywords
- varicella-zoster virus, live attenuated vaccine, booster vaccination, cell-mediated immunity, vaccine immunogenicity, vaccine safety, older adults, age-related immune decline
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antigens, Viral, Cell Division, Female, Herpes Zoster, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Immunization, Secondary, Immunoenzyme Techniques, Interferon-gamma, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Vaccines, Attenuated, Herpesvirus 3, Human, Viral Vaccines, Th1 Cells
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