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Cited by 425

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Severe Human Lower Respiratory Tract Illness Caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Virus Is Characterized by the Absence of Pulmonary Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Responses

Open access
Welliver, Timothy P., Garofalo, Roberto P., Hosakote, Yashoda, Hintz, Karen H., Avendano, Luis, Sanchez, Katherine, Velozo, Luis, Jafri, Hasan, Chavez‐Bueno, Susana, Ogra, Pearay L., McKinney, LuAnn, Reed, Jennifer L., Welliver, Sr., Robert C.·2007·The Journal of Infectious Diseases
DOI 10.1086/512615
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus are common causes of infantile lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). It is widely believed that both viral replication and inappropriately enhanced immune responses contribute to disease severity. In infants, RSV LRTI is known to be more severe than influenza virus LRTI. METHODS: We compared cytokines and chemokines in secretions of infants surviving various forms of respiratory illness caused by RSV or influenza viruses, to determine which mediators were associated with more-severe illness. We analyzed lung tissue from infants with fatal cases of RSV and influenza virus LRTI to determine the types of inflammatory cells present. Autopsy tissues were studied for the lymphotoxin granzyme and the apoptosis marker caspase 3. RESULTS: Quantities of lymphocyte-derived cytokines were minimal in secretions from infants with RSV infection. Concentrations of most cytokines were greater in influenza virus, rather than RSV, infection. Lung tissues from infants with fatal RSV and influenza virus LRTI demonstrated an extensive presence of viral antigen and a near absence of CD8-positive lymphocytes and natural killer cells, with marked expression of markers of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: Severe infantile RSV and influenza virus LRTI is characterized by inadequate (rather than excessive) adaptive immune responses, robust viral replication, and apoptotic crisis.

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Metadata

Authors
Welliver, T. P., Garofalo, R. P., Hosakote, Y., Hintz, K. H., Avendano, L., Sanchez, K., Velozo, L., Jafri, H., Chavez‐Bueno, S., Ogra, P. L., McKinney, L., Reed, J. L., & Welliver, Sr.
Venue
The Journal of Infectious Diseases
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2007-04-15
Volume
195
Issue
8
Pages
1126-1136
ISSN
  • 0022-1899 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-6613
DOI
10.1086/512615
OpenAlex
W2126163156
Cited by
425
References
40
FWCI
19.05
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Severe Human Lower Respiratory Tract Illness Caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Virus Is Characterized by the Absence of Pulmonary Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Responses. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/512615
The paper
Welliver, T. P., Garofalo, R. P., Hosakote, Y., Hintz, K. H., Avendano, L., Sanchez, K., Velozo, L., Jafri, H., Chavez‐Bueno, S., Ogra, P. L., McKinney, L., Reed, J. L., & Welliver, Sr. (2007). Severe Human Lower Respiratory Tract Illness Caused by Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Virus Is Characterized by the Absence of Pulmonary Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Responses. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1086/512615

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.