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The Palomar Transient Factory: System Overview, Performance, and First Results
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The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is a fully-automated, wide-field survey aimed at a systematic exploration of the optical transient sky. The transient survey is performed using a new 8.1 square degree camera installed on the 48 inch Samuel Oschin telescope at Palomar Observatory; colors and light curves for detected transients are obtained with the automated Palomar 60 inch telescope. PTF uses 80% of the 1.2 m and 50% of the 1.5 m telescope time. With an exposure of 60 s the survey reaches a depth of m g ′ ≈ 21.3 and m R ≈ 20.6 (5σ, median seeing). Four major experiments are planned for the five-year project: (1) a 5 day cadence supernova search; (2) a rapid transient search with cadences between 90 s and 1 day; (3) a search for eclipsing binaries and transiting planets in Orion; and (4) a 3π sr deep H-alpha survey. PTF provides automatic, real-time transient classification and follow-up, as well as a database including every source detected in each frame. This paper summarizes the PTF project, including several months of on-sky performance tests of the new survey camera, the observing plans, and the data reduction strategy. We conclude by detailing the first 51 PTF optical transient detections, found in commissioning data.
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“Recent surveys have shown the power of measuring variability of celestial sources for studying gravitational lensing, searching for SNe, determining the physical properties of gamma-ray burst sources, discovering gravitational wave counterparts, probing the structure of active galactic nuclei ( AGNs ) , studying variable star populations, discovering exoplanets, and many other subjects at the fore”
From LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products (2019) · cites this paper as Law et al. 2009
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Measurements of Ω and Λ from 42 High‐Redshift Supernovae
Perlmutter, S., Aldering, G., Goldhaber, G., Knop, R. A., Nugent, P., Castro, P. G., Deustua, S., Fabbro, S., Goobar, A., Groom, D. E., et al. (1999) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1086/307221 · Cited by 18,062
Self-citationAstronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems
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Self-citationThe Palomar-Quest Digital Synoptic Sky SurveyPreprint
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Self-citationAutomated Probabilistic Classification of Transients and VariablesPreprint
Mahabal, A., Djorgovski, S. G., Turmon, M., Jewell, J., Williams, R. R., Drake, A. J., Donalek, C., Glikman, E., The Palomar-quest Team, & Words, K. (2012) · Cited by 29
Self-citationTowards a real‐time transient classification engine
Bloom, J. S., Starr, D., Butler, N., Nugent, P., Rischard, M., Eads, D. R., & Poznanski, D. (2008) · Astronomische Nachrichten · doi:10.1002/asna.200710957 · Cited by 22 · cited 2×
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- M. S. acknowledges sup- port from the Royal Society and the University of Oxford Fell Fund. REFERENCES
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The Astrophysical Multimessenger Observatory Network (AMON)
Smith, M. W. E., Fox, D. B., Cowen, D. F., Mészáros, P., Tešić, G., Fixelle, J., Bartos, I., Sommers, P., Ashtekar, A., Babu, G. J., et al. (2013) · Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2013.03.003 · Cited by 116
Self-citationBurdge, K. B., Prince, T. A., Fuller, J., Kaplan, D. L., Marsh, T. R., Tremblay, P.-E., Zhuang, Z., Bellm, E. C., Caiazzo, I., Coughlin, M. W., et al. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abc261 · Cited by 116
“We origi- nally tested the viability of a photometric selection strategy using archival Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) data (Law et al. 2009), and discovered PTF J0533+0209, a ≈ 20.6 minute orbital period detached DBA WD binary (Burdge et al. 2019b).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationA New Class of Changing-look LINERs
Frederick, S., Gezari, S., Graham, M. J., Cenko, S. B., van Velzen, S., Stern, D. K., Blagorodnova, N., Kulkarni, S. R., Yan, L., De, K., et al. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3a38 · Cited by 115
“PTF and iPTF (2009−2016; Law et al. (2009); Rau et al. (2009)) also utilized Palomar Observatory’s Samuel Oschin 48" Schmidt telescope; the camera upgrade for ZTF has a 47 deg2 FoV and reaches 20.5 r-band mag in 30 seconds exposures, with a more efficient areal survey speed of 3760 deg2 hr−1.”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationCOSMOLOGY WITH PHOTOMETRICALLY CLASSIFIED TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE FROM THE SDSS-II SUPERNOVA SURVEY
Campbell, H. C., D’Andrea, C. B., Nichol, R. C., Sako, M., Smith, M., Lampeitl, H., Olmstead, M. D., Bassett, B. A., Biswas, R., Brown, P. J., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/763/2/88 · Cited by 114
“…Aldering et al. 2002), the Carnegie Supernova Project (CSP; Hamuy et al. 2006; Folatelli et al. 2010), the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (Ganeshalingam et al. 2010), the Palomar Transient Factory (Law et al. 2009), and the Catalina RealTime Transient Survey (CRTS; Drake et al. 2009).”
A hot and fast ultra-stripped supernova that likely formed a compact neutron star binary
De, K., Kasliwal, M., Ofek, E., Moriya, T., Burke, J., Cao, Y., Cenko, S. B., Doran, G., Duggan, G., Fender, R., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aas8693 · Cited by 87
Self-citationTachibana, Y., & Miller, A. A. (2018) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aae3d9 · Cited by 113
The Young Supernova Experiment: Survey Goals, Overview, and Operations
Jones, D. O., Foley, R. J., Narayan, G., Hjorth, J., Huber, M. E., Aleo, P. D., Alexander, K. D., Angus, C. R., Auchettl, K., Baldassare, V. F., et al. (2021) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abd7f5 · Cited by 111
SkyPortal: An Astronomical Data Platform
van der Walt, S., Crellin-Quick, A., & Bloom, J. S. (2019) · The Journal of Open Source Software · doi:10.21105/joss.01247 · Cited by 111
Self-citationPalanque‐Delabrouille, N., Magneville, C., Yèche, C., Pâris, I., Petitjean, P., Burtin, E., Dawson, K., McGreer, I., Myers, A. D., Rossi, G., et al. (2016) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527392 · Cited by 110
“In the context of eBOSS, variability selection of quasars is performed over 90% of the survey footprint using time-domain data from the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF: Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009).”
MethodTHE HYDROGEN-POOR SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA iPTF 13ajg AND ITS HOST GALAXY IN ABSORPTION AND EMISSION
Vreeswijk, P. M., Savaglio, S., Gal‐Yam, A., Cia, A. D., Quimby, R., Sullivan, M., Cenko, S. B., Perley, D. A., Filippenko, A. V., Clubb, K. I., et al. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/797/1/24 · Cited by 109
“…Supernova Search (Quimby 2006), the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey (Drake et al. 2009), the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009), and Pan-STARRS (Kaiser et al. 2010) has led to the recognition (Quimby et al. 2011) of a class of superluminous 21 Benoziyo Fellow.”
BackgroundSelf-citationRöpke, F. K., & Marco, O. D. (2023) · Living Reviews in Computational Astrophysics · doi:10.1007/s41115-023-00017-x · Cited by 109
Waszczak, A., Chang, C.-K., Ofek, E. O., Laher, R., Masci, F., Levitan, D., Surace, J., Cheng, Y., Ip, W.-H., Kinoshita, D., et al. (2015) · The Astronomical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75 · Cited by 119
“Overview of the PTF survey The Palomar Transient Factory3 (PTF) is a synoptic survey designed primarily to discover extragalactic transients (Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009).”
BackgroundSelf-citationWeyant, A., Schafer, C., & Wood‐Vasey, W. M. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/764/2/116 · Cited by 108
“Additional current and near-future surveys such as the Palomar Transient Factory1 (Law et al. 2009), the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS)2, SkyMapper3, and the Dark Energy Survey4 will increase the sample by another order of magnitude with the goal of obtaining…”
BackgroundMachine-learning-based Brokers for Real-time Classification of the LSST Alert Stream
Narayan, G., Zaidi, T., Soraisam, M., Wang, Z., Lochner, M., Matheson, T., Saha, A., Yang, S., Zhao, Z., Kececioglu, J., et al. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/1538-4365/aab781 · Cited by 106
TWO SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE FROM THE EARLY UNIVERSE DISCOVERED BY THE SUPERNOVA LEGACY SURVEY
Howell, D. A., Kasen, D., Lidman, C. E., Sullivan, M., Conley, A., Astier, P., Balland, C., Carlberg, R. G., Fouchez, D., Guy, J., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/779/2/98 · Cited by 107
“The key to decoding these mystery objects was found with the discovery of several new unexplained transients in the course of the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMaguire, K., Sullivan, M., Ellis, R. S., Nugent, P., Howell, D. A., Gal-Yam, A., Cooke, J., Mazzali, P. A., Pan, Y.-C., Dilday, B., et al. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21909.x · Cited by 107
“Observations were obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Palomar Transient Factory project, a scientific collaboration between the California Institute of Technology, Columbia University, La Cumbres Observatory, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the National Energy…”
MethodSelf-citationDiscovery and Early Evolution of ASASSN-19bt, the First TDE Detected by TESS
Holoien, T. W.-S., Vallely, P. J., Auchettl, K., Stanek, K. Z., Kochanek, C. S., French, K. D., Prieto, J. L., Shappee, B. J., Brown, J. S., Fausnaugh, M., et al. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab3c66 · Cited by 107
“…such as the AllSky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN; Shappee et al. 2014; Kochanek et al. 2017), the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009), the Asteroid Terrestrialimpact Last Alert System (ATLAS; Tonry et al. 2018), and the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF; Bellm et al.…”
BackgroundHIGH-EFFICIENCY AUTONOMOUS LASER ADAPTIVE OPTICS
Baranec, C. J., Riddle, R., Law, N. M., Ramaprakash, A. N., Tendulkar, S., Hogstrom, K., Bui, K., Burse, M., Chordia, P., Das, H., et al. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/790/1/l8 · Cited by 106
“A data reduction pipeline (Law et al. 2009b, 2014) corrects each of the recorded frames for detector bias and flat-fielding effects, and automatically measures the location of the guide star in each frame.”
Self-citationEli Waxman, B., & Katz, B. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21846-5_33 · Cited by 106
Gal‐Yam, A., Kasliwal, M. M., Arcavi, I., Green, Y., Yaron, O., Ben-Ami, S., Xu, D., Sternberg, A., Quimby, R., Kulkarni, S. R., et al. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/736/2/159 · Cited by 105
“One of the main science goals of the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF1) wide-field variability survey (Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009) is to remedy this situation, and to facilitate real-time discovery and prompt monitoring of optical transients.”
BackgroundSelf-citationKasliwal, M. M., Anand, S., Ahumada, T., Stein, R., Carracedo, A. S., Andreoni, I., Coughlin, M. W., Singer, L. P., Kool, E. C., De, K., et al. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abc335 · Cited by 105
Self-citationSPRAT: Spectrograph for the Rapid Acquisition of Transients
Piascik, A. S., Steele, I. A., Bates, S. D., Mottram, C. J., Smith, R. J., Barnsley, R. M., & Bolton, B. (2014) · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · doi:10.1117/12.2055117 · Cited by 105
Self-citationEvryscope Science: Exploring the Potential of All-Sky Gigapixel-Scale Telescopes
Law, N. M., Fors, O., Ratzloff, J., Wulfken, P., Kavanaugh, D., Sitar, D. J., Pruett, Z., Birchard, M. N., Barlow, B. N., Cannon, K., et al. (2015) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1086/680521 · Cited by 104
“While recent wide-field optical surveys such as PTF, PanSTARRS, and CRTS have discovered supernovae at a remarkable rate (PTF alone has spectroscopically confirmed 2000), by far the highest impact discoveries have resulted from the most nearby events (distance ≲20 Mpc).”
MethodSelf-citationThe Fate of Neutron Star Binary Mergers
Piro, A. L., Giacomazzo, B., & Perna, R. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aa7f2f · Cited by 103
“The luminosity of the radioactive electromagnetic transients from compact mergers (e.g., kilonovae, Metzger 2016) would also be affected, which will be studied by the upcoming wide field surveys that are sensitive to short timescale transients (e.g., ZTF, Law et al. 2009), We thank the OCIW Distinguished Visitor Progr…”
BackgroundInfluentialEVIDENCE FOR AN FU ORIONIS-LIKE OUTBURST FROM A CLASSICAL T TAURI STAR
Miller, A. A., Hillenbrand, L. A., Covey, K. R., Poznanski, D., Silverman, J. M., Kleiser, I. K. W., Rojas-Ayala, B., Muirhead, P. S., Cenko, S. B., Bloom, J. S., et al. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/730/2/80 · Cited by 102
“These images were automatically reduced, and new variable and transient sources were found using the software developed for the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009; Bloom et al. 2011, in prep.).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationThe Prospects of Observing Tidal Disruption Events with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope
Bricman, K., & Gomboc, A. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab6989 · Cited by 102
Cataclysmic variables from the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey
Drake, A. J., Gänsicke, B. T., Djorgovski, S. G., Wils, P., Mahabal, A. A., Graham, M. J., Yang, T. C.-H., Williams, R. E., Catelan, M., Prieto, J. L., et al. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu639 · Cited by 102
Self-citationMaguire, K., Sullivan, M., Pan, Y. C., Gal‐Yam, A., Hook, I., Howell, D. A., Nugent, P., Mazzali, P. A., Chotard, N., Clubb, K. I., et al. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1607 · Cited by 101
“The PTF was an untargeted optical transient survey operating at theSamuel Oschin 48-in telescope (P48) at the Palomar Observatory, U.S. from 2009 to 2012 (Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009).”
MethodSelf-citationSPIRITS: Uncovering Unusual Infrared Transients with Spitzer
Kasliwal, M. M., Bally, J., Masci, F. J., Cody, A. M., Bond, H. E., Jencson, J. E., Tinyanont, S., Cao, Y., Contreras, C., Dykhoff, D., et al. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa6978 · Cited by 101
Self-citationThe IPAC Image Subtraction and Discovery Pipeline for the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory
Masci, F. J., Laher, R. R., Rebbapragada, U. D., Doran, G. B., Miller, A. A., Bellm, E. C., Kasliwal, M. M., Ofek, E. O., Surace, J., Shupe, D. L., et al. (2016) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/129/971/014002 · Cited by 100
“Further details of the hardware, survey design, and on-sky performance are described in Law et al. (2009, 2010) and Ofek et al. (2012).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationCorsi, A., Ofek, E. O., Gal‐Yam, A., Frail, D. A., Kulkarni, S. R., Fox, D. B., Kasliwal, M. M., Sullivan, M., Horesh, A., Carpenter, J. M., et al. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/782/1/42 · Cited by 100
“On 2011 November 01 (hereafter all times are given in UTC unless otherwise stated), we discovered PTF11qcj in an R-band image from the 48-inch Samuel Oschin telescope at Palomar Observatory (P48), which is routinely used by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF1; Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009).”
MethodSelf-citationCONSTRAINING TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE PROGENITORS FROM THREE YEARS OF SUPERNOVA LEGACY SURVEY DATA
Bianco, F. B., Howell, D. A., Sullivan, M., Conley, A., Kasen, D., González-Gaitán, S., Guy, J., Astier, P., Balland, C., Carlberg, R. G., et al. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/741/1/20 · Cited by 99
“The PanSTARRS Medium Deep Survey (PS1, Pastorello et al. 2010) and the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF, Law et al. 2009) have begun providing wellsampled rise lightcurves, where the excess due to shocking by a RG progenitor, should this be a valuable channel to produce SN Ia, could soon be observed.”
MethodSelf-citationRAPIDLY RISING TRANSIENTS FROM THE SUBARU HYPER SUPRIME-CAM TRANSIENT SURVEY*
Tanaka, M., Tominaga, N., Morokuma, T., Yasuda, N., Furusawa, H., Бакланов, П. В., Blinnikov, S. I., Moriya, T. J., Doi, M., Jiang, J.-A., et al. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/819/1/5 · Cited by 99
“Especially, optical surveys using wide-field cameras, such as Palomar Transient Factory (PTF, Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009), Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey (CRTS, Drake et al. 2009), and Pan-STARRS1 (PS1, e.g., Kaiser et al. 2010), have significantly contributed to building our knowledge…”
MethodBramich, D. M., Horne, K., Albrow, M. D., Tsapras, Y., Snodgrass, C., Street, R. A., Hundertmark, M., Kains, N., Arellano, F. A., Jaimes, R. F., et al. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sts184 · Cited by 99
“…DIA is now being applied in projects that generate images covering multiple square degrees each( .g. Palomar Transient Factory - Rau et al. 2009 and Law et al. 2009, PanSTARRS - Kaiser et al. 2010), where non-uniform transparency is common (due to passing clouds) and extinction varies fromone edge…”
MethodSUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE POWERED BY MAGNETARS: LATE-TIME LIGHT CURVES AND HARD EMISSION LEAKAGE
Wang, S. Q., Wang, L. J., Dai, Z.-G., & Wu, X.-F. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/799/1/107 · Cited by 98
Asteroid retrieval feasibility
Brophy, J., Friedman, L., & Culick, F. E. C. (2012) · IEEE Aerospace Conference (AERO) · doi:10.1109/aero.2012.6187031 · Cited by 98
“Both the PanSTARRS and Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) projects [25] observe with a suitable cadence to find such objects (images of the same patch of sky are separated by ~20 minutes) before they move out of a single survey field, and are sensitive enough to detect them (magnitude limit ~21.”
BackgroundA Search for Optical AGN Variability in 35,000 Low-mass Galaxies with the Palomar Transient Factory
Baldassare, V., Geha, M., & Greene, J. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab8936 · Cited by 98
Berkeley Supernova Ia Program - II. Initial analysis of spectra obtained near maximum brightness
Silverman, J. M., Kong, J. J., & Filippenko, A. V. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21269.x · Cited by 98
“BSNIP are already underway (e.g., Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009; Kaiser et al. 2002), with many more planned for the future (e.g., LSST, WFIRST, Euclid).”
BackgroundSelf-citationTHE LOW-VELOCITY, RAPIDLY FADING TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA 2002es
Ganeshalingam, M., Li, W., Filippenko, A. V., Silverman, J. M., Chornock, R., Foley, R. J., Matheson, T., Kirshner, R., Milne, P., Calkins, M. L., et al. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/751/2/142 · Cited by 97
“The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009) has published data on two peculiar subluminous objects, both found at large distances from the likely host galaxy.”
BackgroundSelf-citationComparative performance of selected variability detection techniques in photometric time series data
Sokolovsky, K. V., Gavras, P., Karampelas, A., Antipin, S., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benni, P., Bonanos, A. Z., Burdanov, A., Derlopa, S., Hatzidimitriou, D., et al. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2262 · Cited by 97
“Large surveys such as OGLE (Udalski, Szymański & Szymański 2015), PTF (Law et al. 2009), Pan-STARRS (Rest et al. 2014) and DES (Kessler et al. 2015) implement the image subtraction technique.”
Star catalog position and proper motion corrections in asteroid astrometry
Farnocchia, D., Chesley, S. R., Chamberlin, A. B., & Tholen, D. J. (2014) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.07.033 · Cited by 95
“47 Monet (1998) UCAC-2 r 48,330,571 29,793,925 28.37 Zacharias et al. (2004b) USNO-B1.0 o 1,045,175,762 12,834,999 12.22 Monet et al. (2003) 2MASS L 470,992,970 8,136,250 7.75 Skrutskie et al. (2006) UCAC-4 q 113,780,093 2,629,456 2.50 Zacharias et al. (2013) UCAC-3 u 100,766,420 2,228,325 2.”
InfluentialDISCOVERY OF A COSMOLOGICAL, RELATIVISTIC OUTBURST VIA ITS RAPIDLY FADING OPTICAL EMISSION
Cenko, S. B., Kulkarni, S. R., Horesh, A., Corsi, A., Fox, D. B., Carpenter, J., Frail, D. A., Nugent, P., Perley, D. A., Gruber, D., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/769/2/130 · Cited by 95
“Given the relatively complex nature of PTF scheduling (Law et al. 2009), we have conducted a series of Monte Carlo simulations to this end.”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationTYPE II SUPERNOVA ENERGETICS AND COMPARISON OF LIGHT CURVES TO SHOCK-COOLING MODELS
Rubin, A., Gal‐Yam, A., Cia, A. D., Horesh, A., Khazov, D., Ofek, E. O., Kulkarni, S. R., Arcavi, I., Manulis, I., Yaron, O., et al. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/820/1/33 · Cited by 94
“The spectrum of iPTF14ajq had significant galaxy contamination.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationAgüeros, M. A., Bowsher, E. C., Bochanski, J. J., Cargile, P. A., Covey, K. R., Douglas, S. T., Kraus, A., Kundert, A., Law, N. M., Ahmadi, A., et al. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aac6ed · Cited by 94
“The PTF infrastructure is described in Law et al. (2009); of primary interest to us was one component, the robotic 48-inch Oschin (P48) telescope at Palomar Observatory, CA, which we used to 19 In this case we do not apply a binary cut, as binarity should not impact the parallax-derived…”
MethodSelf-citationNeutrino-driven explosions of ultra-stripped Type Ic supernovae generating binary neutron stars
Suwa, Y., Yoshida, T., Shibata, M., Umeda, H., & Takahashi, K. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv2195 · Cited by 94
“…facilities e.g., The Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC; Miyazaki et al. 2012; Tominaga et al. 2014), Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009), Catalina Real-Time Sky Survey (CRTS; Drake et al. 2009), Panoramic Survey Telescope & Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS1; Kaiser et…”
BackgroundDISCOVERY OF A NEW PHOTOMETRIC SUB-CLASS OF FAINT AND FAST CLASSICAL NOVAE
Kasliwal, M. M., Cenko, S. B., Kulkarni, S. R., Ofek, E. O., Quimby, R., & Rau, A. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/735/2/94 · Cited by 93
“P60-FasTING was designed as a pilot project, to begin to set the stage for future projects such as Palomar Transient Factory (PTF9, Law et al. 2009, Rau et al. 2009b, Rahmer et al. 2008), PanSTARRS (PS110) and Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST11).”
MethodSelf-citationTHE PTF ORION PROJECT: A POSSIBLE PLANET TRANSITING A T-TAURI STAR
van Eyken, J. V., Ciardi, D., von Braun, K., Kane, S., Plavchan, P., Bender, C., Brown, T., Crepp, J., Fulton, B., Howard, A., et al. (2012) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/755/1/42 · Cited by 81
“The broader PTF survey is described in detail by Law et al. (2009) and Rau et al. (2009), with a summary of the first year’s performance by Law et al. (2010).”
Self-citationArchaeology of active galaxies across the electromagnetic spectrum
Morganti, R. (2017) · Nature Astronomy · doi:10.1038/s41550-017-0223-0 · Cited by 91
Marton, G., Ábrahám, P., Szegedi-Elek, E., Varga, J., Kun, M., Kóspál, Á., Varga-Verebélyi, E., Hodgkin, S. T., Szabados, L., Beck, R. E., et al. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1301 · Cited by 89
“Recent surveys, e.g. ASAS (Pojmanski 1997) PTF (Law et al. 2009), YSOVAR (Morales-Calderón et al. 2011), CSI 2264 (Cody et al. 2014), ASAS-SN (Shappee et al. 2014; Kochanek et al. 2017) provided light curves of millions of sources.”
Ryu, T., Krolik, J., Piran, T., & Noble, S. C. (2020) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abb3cf · Cited by 90
“…the XMM-Newton slew survey (Saxton et al. 2008) and UV/optical surveys, e.g., the GALEX Deep Imaging Survey (Gezari et al. 2006), Pan-STARRS (Chambers et al. 2016), the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009), and the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN; Holoien et al. 2016).”
MethodType IIn supernova light-curve properties measured from an untargeted survey sample
Nyholm, A., Sollerman, J., Tartaglia, L., Taddia, F., Fremling, C., Blagorodnova, N., Filippenko, A. V., Gal-Yam, A., Howell, D. A., Karamehmetoglu, E., et al. (2020) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936097 · Cited by 90
“P48 equipped with the CFH12K mosaic CCD gave a 7.26 deg2 field A73, page 2 of 30 of view (Law et al. 2009).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationPalomar Gattini-IR: Survey Overview, Data Processing System, On-sky Performance and First Results
De, K., Hankins, M. J., Kasliwal, M. M., Moore, A. M., Ofek, E. O., Adams, S. M., Ashley, M. C. B., Babul, A.-N., Bagdasaryan, A., Burdge, K. B., et al. (2020) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ab6069 · Cited by 89
“…York et al. 2000), Skymapper (Keller et al. 2007), the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (Drake et al. 2009), the Palomar Transient Factory (Law et al. 2009), PanSTARRS (Kaiser et al. 2010), the All Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASASSN; Shappee et al. 2014), Evryscope (Law et al.…”
MethodSelf-citationHoresh, A., Stockdale, C., Fox, D. B., Frail, D. A., Carpenter, J. M., Kulkarni, S. R., Ofek, E. O., Gal‐Yam, A., Kasliwal, M. M., Arcavi, I., et al. (2013) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1645 · Cited by 89
“…T I O N SN 2011dh in the nearby galaxy Messier 51 (M51) was discovered on UTC 2011 May 31.893 by A. Riou, detected on UTC June 01.19 by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF, Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009) and rapidly spectroscopically classified as a Type IIb supernova (SN; Arcavi et al. 2011a,b).”
MethodInfluentialSelf-citationSilverman, J. M., & Filippenko, A. V. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21276.x · Cited by 89
“New, large-scale transient searches such as Pan-STARRS (Kaiser et al. 2002) and the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009) will be critical to moving this topic forward as they find progressively more young SNe of all types.”
BackgroundSelf-citationPTF10iya: a short-lived, luminous flare from the nuclear region of a star-forming galaxy
Cenko, S. B., Bloom, J. S., Kulkarni, S. R., Strubbe, L. E., Miller, A. A., Butler, N., Quimby, R. M., Gal-Yam, A., Ofek, E. O., Quataert, E., et al. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20240.x · Cited by 88
“In the optical bandpass, wide-field, high-cadence surveys such as the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009), Pan-STARRS1 (PS1; Kaiser et al. 2002), the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS; Drake et al. 2009), and SkyMapper (Schmidt et al. 2005) are all currently…”
BackgroundSelf-citationSwinbank, J. D., Staley, T. D., Molenaar, G., Rol, E., Rowlinson, A., Scheers, B., Spreeuw, H., Bell, M. E., Broderick, J. W., Carbone, D., et al. (2015) · Astronomy and Computing · doi:10.1016/j.ascom.2015.03.002 · Cited by 87
The rise and fall of the Type Ib supernova iPTF13bvn
Fremling, C., Sollerman, J., Taddia, F., Ergon, M., Valenti, S., Arcavi, I., Ben-Ami, S., Cao, Y., Cenko, S. B., Filippenko, A. V., et al. (2014) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423884 · Cited by 88
“The discovery of iPTF13bvn was made by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) (Law et al. 2009) in the nearby1 galaxy NGC 5806 on 2013 June 16.24 (UT), just 0.57 days past the estimated explosion date (JD 2456459.17; Cao et al. 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationTHE FACTORY AND THE BEEHIVE. I. ROTATION PERIODS FOR LOW-MASS STARS IN PRAESEPE
Agüeros, M. A., Covey, K. R., Lemonias, J., Law, N. M., Kraus, A. L., Batalha, N. E., Bloom, J. S., Cenko, S. B., Kasliwal, M. M., Kulkarni, S. R., et al. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/740/2/110 · Cited by 88
“The technical aspects of PTF and the project’s science goals are described in detail in Law et al. (2009) and Rau et al. (2009).”
BackgroundSelf-citationPhillips, M. M., Contreras, C., Hsiao, E. Y., Morrell, N., Burns, C. R., Stritzinger, M. D., Ashall, C., Freedman, W. L., Hoêflich, P., Persson, S. E., et al. (2018) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aae8bd · Cited by 88
“…2013); MASTER (Gorbovskoy et al. 2013); OGLE (Wyrzykowski et al. 2014); PESSTO (Smartt et al. 2015); PS1 (Kaiser et al. 2010; Scolnic et al. 2018); PTF (Law et al. 2009); ROTSE-III (Akerlof et al. 2003); SMT (Scalzo et al. 2017); SNF (Wood-Vasey et al. 2004); TAROT (Klotz et al. 2008); TNTS (Yao…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationIPAC Image Processing and Data Archiving for the Palomar Transient Factory
Laher, R. R., Surace, J., Grillmair, C. J., Ofek, E. O., Levitan, D., Sesar, B., van Eyken, J. C., Law, N. M., Hélou, G., Hamam, N., et al. (2014) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1086/677351 · Cited by 87
“In the five years of operation since first light on December 13, 2008 (Law et al. 2009), images taken with Mould-R (hereafter R) and SDSS-g′ (hereafter g) camera filters have been routinely acquired on a nightly basis (weather permitting), and two different Hα filters were installed in May 2011…”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationThe supernova CSS121015:004244+132827: a clue for understanding superluminous supernovae
Benetti, S., Nicholl, M., Cappellaro, E., Pastorello, A., Smartt, S. J., Elias-Rosa, N., Drake, A. J., Tomasella, L., Turatto, M., Harutyunyan, A., et al. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stu538 · Cited by 86
“Drake et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009; Tonry et al. 2012; Baltay et al. 2013, respectively), is shedding new light both at the bright and faint ends of the SN luminosity distribution.”
BackgroundSelf-citationZheng, W. (2016) · Civil War Book Review · doi:10.15781/t2fb8k · Cited by 86
TYPE Ia SINGLE DEGENERATE SURVIVORS MUST BE OVERLUMINOUS
Shappee, B. J., Kochanek, C. S., & Stanek, K. Z. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/765/2/150 · Cited by 86
“SN 2011fe was discovered very quickly by the Palomar Transient Factory (Law et al. 2009) on August 24, 2011, less than one day after explosion, allowing multi-wavelength follow-up observations to be quickly carried out.”
BackgroundMultidimensional simulations of ultrastripped supernovae to shock breakout
Müller, B., Gay, D. W., Heger, A., Tauris, T. M., & Sim, S. A. (2018) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/sty1683 · Cited by 85
“On the side of transient observations, the advent of highcadence surveys (e.g., PanSTARRS, Chambers et al. 2016; PTF, Law et al. 2009; iPTF, Masci et al. 2017; SkyMapper, Keller et al. 2007) has increased the interest in studying the diversity among core-collapse SN events (e.g., Drout et al. 2011; Pejcha & Prieto 201…”
BackgroundAndreoni, I., Coughlin, M. W., Kool, E. C., Kasliwal, M. M., Kumar, H., Bhalerao, V., Carracedo, A. S., Ho, A. Y. Q., Pang, P. T. H., Saraogi, D., et al. (2021) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac0bc7 · Cited by 84
Self-citationCarnegie Supernova Project-II: The Near-infrared Spectroscopy Program
Hsiao, E. Y., Phillips, M. M., Marion, G. H. H., Kirshner, R., Morrell, N., Sand, D. J., Burns, C. R., Contreras, C., Hoêflich, P., Stritzinger, M. D., et al. (2018) · Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific · doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aae961 · Cited by 83
“These were wide-field and untargeted searches, such as the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009), the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) and the La Silla Quest Low-Redshift Supernova Survey (Baltay et al. 2013), as opposed to targeted searches where a sample of pre-selected…”
MethodSelf-citationMid-infrared Outbursts in Nearby Galaxies (MIRONG). I. Sample Selection and Characterization
Jiang, N., Wang, T., Dou, L., Shu, X., Hu, X., Liu, H., Wang, Y., Yan, L., Sheng, Z., Yang, C., et al. (2021) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abd1dc · Cited by 83
SHOCK BREAKOUT IN TYPE II PLATEAU SUPERNOVAE: PROSPECTS FOR HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVA SURVEYS
Tominaga, N., Morokuma, T., Blinnikov, S. I., Бакланов, П. В., Sorokina, E. I., & NOMOTO, K. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.1088/0067-0049/193/1/20 · Cited by 83
“Future/ongoing wide and/or deep surveys, e.g., the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009), the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS; Leaman et al. 2011), the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey (CRTS; Drake et al. 2009), the Kiso/Kiso Wide Field Camera (KWFC),25…”
A VERY LARGE ARRAY SEARCH FOR 5 GHz RADIO TRANSIENTS AND VARIABLES AT LOW GALACTIC LATITUDES
Ofek, E. O., Frail, D. A., Breslauer, B., Kulkarni, S. R., Chandra, P., Gal‐Yam, A., Kasliwal, M. M., & Gehrels, N. (2011) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/740/2/65 · Cited by 81
Self-citationHo, A., Goldstein, D., Schulze, S., Khatami, D., Perley, D., Ergon, M., Gal-yam, A., Corsi, A., Andreoni, I., Barbarino, C., et al. (2019) · Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab55ec · Cited by 70
“The discovery of iPTF16asu (Wang et al. 2017; Whitesides et al. 2017) in the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF; Law et al. 2009) showed that at least some of these fast-luminous transients are energetic (10 erg52 ) high-velocity (“broad-lined”; v20,000 km -s 1) stripped-envelope (Ic)…”
BackgroundSelf-citationMULTI-MESSENGER TESTS FOR FAST-SPINNING NEWBORN PULSARS EMBEDDED IN STRIPPED-ENVELOPE SUPERNOVAE
Kashiyama, K., Murase, K., Bartos, I., Kiuchi, K., & Margutti, R. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/818/1/94 · Cited by 81
“The gray lines indicate the observed SL SN Ic PTF 09cnd(Quimby et al. 2011; Gal- Yam 2012) and BL SNe Ic 1998bw(Galama et al. 1998).”
BackgroundMethodOfek, E. O., Arcavi, I., Tal, D., Sullivan, M., Gal‐Yam, A., Kulkarni, S. R., Nugent, P., Ben-Ami, S., Bersier, D., Cao, Y., et al. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/788/2/154 · Cited by 81
“SAMPLE AND OBSERVATIONS The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF13; Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009) and its extension the intermediate PTF (iPTF) found over 2100 spectroscopically confirmed SNe.”
BackgroundSelf-citationSLOW-SPEED SUPERNOVAE FROM THE PALOMAR TRANSIENT FACTORY: TWO CHANNELS
White, C. J., Kasliwal, M. M., Nugent, P. E., Gal-Yam, A., Howell, D. A., Sullivan, M., Goobar, A., Piro, A. L., Bloom, J. S., Kulkarni, S. R., et al. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/799/1/52 · Cited by 80
“Here we present slow-speed supernovae discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009).”
MethodSelf-citationThe peculiar Type Ia supernova iPTF14atg: Chandrasekhar-mass explosion or violent merger?
Kromer, M., Fremling, C., Pakmor, R., Taubenberger, S., Amanullah, R., Cenko, S. B., Fransson, C., Goobar, A., Leloudas, G., Taddia, F., et al. (2016) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stw962 · Cited by 80
“iPTF14atg was discovered on May 3.29, 2014 (UTC) when the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF, Law et al. 2009) detected a new point source in the early-type galaxy IC 831 (Caoet al. 2015).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationBose, S., Dong, S., Pastorello, A., Filippenko, A., Kochanek, C., Mauerhan, J., Romero-Cañizales, C., Brink, T., Chen, P., Prieto, J. L., et al. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa298 · Cited by 64
“P16 analyzed 32 SLSNe-I discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009) and concluded that they are almost exclusively found in metal-poor and star-forming dwarf galaxies having M*2×109M☉ and 12 + log [O/H]< 8.4.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationNear-infrared observations of Type Ia supernovae: the best known standard candle for cosmology
Barone-Nugent, R. L., Lidman, C., Wyithe, J. S. B., Mould, J., Howell, D. A., Hook, I., Sullivan, M., Nugent, P. E., Arcavi, I., Cenko, S. B., et al. (2012) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21412.x · Cited by 80
“These SNe Ia were discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009), spectroscopically confirmed, observed in the g, r, i bands (Maguire et al., in preparation) at the Liverpool Telescope and followed up in both the NIR J and H bands, each with four epochs of…”
BackgroundSelf-citationTwo New Calcium-rich Gap Transients in Group and Cluster Environments
Lunnan, R., Kasliwal, M. M., Cao, Y., Hangard, L., Yaron, O., Parrent, J., McCully, C., Gal‐Yam, A., Mulchaey, J. S., Ben-Ami, S., et al. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/60 · Cited by 80
“Host-subtracted point-spread function (PSF) photometry was obtained using the Palomar Transient Factory Image Differencing and Extraction (PTFIDE) pipeline (Masci et al. 2017) on the P48 images, and the pipeline presented by Fremling et al. (2016) on the P60 images.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationGoldstein, D. A., Nugent, P., & Goobar, A. (2019) · The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series · doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab1fe0 · Cited by 80
Self-citationMcCrum, M. G., Smartt, S. J., Rest, A., Smith, K., Kotak, R., Rodney, S., Young, D. R., Chornock, R., Berger, E., Foley, R. J., et al. (2015) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv034 · Cited by 79
“4 shows the two PS1-10pm spectra compared with spectra of SCP06F6, SN2010gx, PTF09cwl, PS1-10awh and PS1-10ky (Barbary et al. 2009; Pastorello et al. 2010a; Chomiuk et al. 2011; Quimby et al. 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialConnection between optical and γ-ray variability in blazars
Hovatta, T., Pavlidou, V., King, O. G., Mahabal, A. A., Sesar, B., Dancikova, R., Djorgovski, S. G., Drake, A. J., Laher, R. R., Levitan, D., et al. (2014) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2494 · Cited by 79
“For a detailed description of the project and its primary science goals see Law et al. (2009) and Rau et al. (2009).”
BackgroundSelf-citationAbadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adams, C., Adhikari, R. X., Affeldt, C., et al. (2011) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118219 · Cited by 79
AN ENHANCED RATE OF TIDAL DISRUPTIONS IN THE CENTRALLY OVERDENSE E+A GALAXY NGC 3156
Stone, N. C., & van Velzen, S. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.3847/2041-8205/825/1/l14 · Cited by 79
“Recently, the sample of three TDE candidates discovered by Arcavi et al. (2014) using Palomar Transient Factory (Law et al. 2009) data has identified an interesting puzzle: two of these TDEs are hosted by E+A galaxies, a relatively rare subtype of elliptical galaxy that has recently undergone a major starburst.”
BackgroundIPTF16geu: A multiply imaged, gravitationally lensed type ia supernova
Goobar, A., Amanullah, R., Kulkarni, Sr., Nugent, P., Johansson, J., Steidel, C., Law, D. R., Mörtsell, E., Quimby, R., Blagorodnova, N., et al. (2017) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 79
Self-citationEvryscope Science: Exploring the Potential of All-Sky Gigapixel-Scale Telescopes
Law, N. M., Fors Aldrich, O., Ratzloff, J. K., Wulken, P., Kavanaugh, D., Sitar, D. J., Pruett, Z. R., Birchard, M. N., Barlow, B. N., Cannon, K. C., et al. (2015) · Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) · Cited by 79
Self-citationTWO-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS OF PULSATIONAL PAIR-INSTABILITY SUPERNOVAE
Chen, K.-J., Woosley, S., Heger, A., Almgren, A., & Whalen, D. J. (2014) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/792/1/28 · Cited by 78
“H E ] 1 7 Fe b 20 14 2 Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009), the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (PanSTARRS; Kaiser et al. 2002) and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST; Ivezic et al. 2008).”
BackgroundObservational properties of low-redshift pair instability supernovae
Kozyreva, A., Blinnikov, S., Langer, N., & Yoon, S.-C. (2014) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423447 · Cited by 78
“Increasing SN statistics will discover the brightest SNe together with others (Kaiser et al. 2002; Ivezic et al. 2008; Law et al. 2009).”
BackgroundDarbha, S., Metzger, B. D., Quataert, E., Kasen, D., Nugent, P., & Thomas, R. C. (2010) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17353.x · Cited by 78
“New optical transient surveys operating with high cadence and wide fields of view (e.g., Palomar Transient Factory [PTF; Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009] and the Pan-STARRs-1 Medium Deep Survey) are sensitive to much fainter transients than previous surveys – AIC may thus finally be detectable.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationQUASAR CLASSIFICATION USING COLOR AND VARIABILITY
Peters, C., Richards, G. T., Myers, A. D., Strauss, M. A., Schmidt, K. B., Ivezić, Ž., Ross, N. P., MacLeod, C. L., & Riegel, R. (2015) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/811/2/95 · Cited by 77
Shappee, B. J., Piro, A. L., Holoien, T. W. S., Prieto, J. L., Contreras, C., Itagaki, K., Burns, C. R., Kochanek, C. S., Stanek, K. Z., Alper, E., et al. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/826/2/144 · Cited by 77
“The most notable example is SN 2011fe, which was discovered only hours after first light (tfirst; Nugent et al. 2011a) by the Palomar Transient Factory (Law et al. 2009) at 6.4 Mpc (Shappee & Stanek 2011).”
BackgroundInfluentialOfek, E. O., Fox, D. B., Cenko, S. B., Sullivan, M., Gnat, O., Frail, D. A., Horesh, A., Corsi, A., Quimby, R., Gehrels, N. A., et al. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.1088/0004-637x/763/1/42 · Cited by 77
“…amateur astronomers, and several surveys, including the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS; Li et al. 2000), the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey (CRTS; Drake et al. 2009a), Pan-STARRS1 (PS1; Kaiser et al. 2002), and the Palomar Transient Factory17 (PTF; Law et al. 2009; Rau et al. 2009).”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Zwicky transient facility observing system
Smith, R. M., Dekany, R., Bebek, C. J., Bellm, E. C., Bui, K., Cromer, J. L., Gardner, P., Hoff, M., Kaye, S., Kulkarni, S. R., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · doi:10.1117/12.2070014 · Cited by 76
“The main mission for the ZTF OS will be to scan large areas of the available sky several times per night at 1 arcsec pixel sampling (~2 arcsec FWHM) to search for transient events on much shorter time scales than can be efficiently detected with the present iPTF[1].”
Self-citationON THE EARLY-TIME EXCESS EMISSION IN HYDROGEN-POOR SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE
Vreeswijk, P. M., Leloudas, G., Gal‐Yam, A., Cia, A. D., Perley, D. A., Quimby, R., Waldman, R., Sullivan, M., Yan, L., Ofek, E. O., et al. (2017) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/58 · Cited by 76
“In this paper, we present two SLSNe I discovered by the (intermediate) Palomar Transient Factory (Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009) that also show evidence for early excess emission: PTF 12dam and iPTF 13dcc.”
MethodSelf-citationPalanque‐Delabrouille, N., Magneville, C., Yèche, C., Pâris, I., Petitjean, P., Burtin, E., Dawson, K., McGreer, I. D., Myers, A. D., Rossi, G., et al. (2016) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527392/pdf · Cited by 76
Strong Evidence against a Non-degenerate Companion in SN 2012cg
Shappee, B. J., Piro, A. L., Stanek, K. Z., Patel, S. G., Margutti, R., Lipunov, V. M., & Pogge, R. W. (2018) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaa1e9 · Cited by 75
“A prime example is SN 2011fe, the brightest SN Ia in almost 40 years at just 6.4 Mpc away (Shappee & Stanek 2011), which was discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009) less than one day after explosion.”
BackgroundInfluentialPastorello, A., Kochanek, C. S., Fraser, M., Dong, S., Elias-Rosa, N., Filippenko, A. V., Benetti, S., Cappellaro, E., Tomasella, L., Drake, A. J., et al. (2017) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2668 · Cited by 75
“Additional R-band data were provided by the PTF second data release (Law et al. 2009; Ofek et al. 2012), from the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center7 (Laher et al. 2014).”
MethodSelf-citationMolina, M., Reines, A., Latimer, L. J., Baldassare, V., & Salehirad, S. (2021) · Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac1ffa · Cited by 49
“…in our sample, we created and analyzed light curves of the physical region covered by the SDSS spectroscopic fiber using data from the 10 T h e A stro ph y sica l Jo u rn a l, 922:155 (23pp), 2021 D ecem ber 1 M olina et al. Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009).”
MethodNebular phase observations of the Type-Ib supernova iPTF13bvn favour a binary progenitor
Kuncarayakti, H., Maeda, K., Bersten, M. C., Folatelli, G., Morrell, N., Hsiao, E. Y., González-Gaitán, S., Anderson, J. P., Hamuy, M., de Jaeger, T., et al. (2015) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425604 · Cited by 75
“…not been providing strong constraints on the progenitor luminosity and mass. Cao et al. (2013) report the discovery and early evolution of iPTF13bvn, a Type-Ib SN discovered by the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) survey (Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009) in the host galaxy NGC 5806.”
BackgroundTAKING THE “UN” OUT OF “UNNOVAE”
Piro, A. L. (2013) · The Astrophysical Journal Letters · doi:10.1088/2041-8205/768/1/l14 · Cited by 74
“The spectrum will be bright in blue and visual wavebands, making it well-suited for detection by wide-field, transient surveys like the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Rau et al. 2009; Law et al. 2009) and the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS; Kaiser et al. 2002).”
Henze, M., Pietsch, W., Haberl, F., Valle, M. D., Sala, G., Hatzidimitriou, D., Hofmann, F., Hernanz, M., Hartmann, D. H., & Greiner, J. (2014) · Astronomy and Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322426 · Cited by 74
A SURVEY FOR Hα EMISSION FROM LATE L DWARFS AND T DWARFS*
Pineda, J. S., Hallinan, G., Kirkpatrick, J. D., Cotter, G., Kao, M. M., & Mooley, K. P. (2016) · The Astrophysical Journal · doi:10.3847/0004-637x/826/1/73 · Cited by 74
“This mode is regularly used for spectroscopic followup for the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF; Law et al. 2009).”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Law, N. M., Kulkarni, S. R., Dekany, R. G., Ofek, E. O., Quimby, R. M., Nugent, P. E., Surace, J., Grillmair, C. C., Bloom, J. S., Kasliwal, M. M., Bildsten, L., Brown, T., Cenko, S. B., Ciardi, D., Croner, E., Djorgovski, S. G., van Eyken, J., Filippenko, A. V., Fox, D. B., Gal-Yam, A., Hale, D., Hamam, N., Helou, G., Henning, J., Howell, D. A., Jacobsen, J., Laher, R., Mattingly, S., McKenna, D., Pickles, A., Poznanski, D., Rahmer, G., Rau, A., Rosing, W., Shara, M., Smith, R., Starr, D., Sullivan, M., Velur, V., Walters, R., & Zolkower, J.
- Affiliations
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (US)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network (US)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- American Museum of Natural History (US)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- ORCID
- Law, Nicholas M.
- Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
- Dekany, Richard G.
- Ofek, Eran O.
- Quimby, Robert M.
- Nugent, Peter E.
- Surace, Jason
- Bloom, Joshua S.
- Kasliwal, Mansi M.
- Bildsten, Lars
- Cenko, S. Bradley
- Ciardi, David
- Djorgovski, S. George
- Filippenko, Alexei V.
- Fox, Derek B.
- Hale, David
- Howell, D. Andrew
- Laher, Russ
- Poznanski, Dovi
- Rahmer, Gustavo
- Rau, Arne
- Shara, Michael
- Smith, Roger
- Sullivan, Mark
- Walters, Richard
- Venue
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2009-12
- Volume
- 121
- Issue
- 886
- Pages
- 1395-1408
- ISSN
- 0004-6280 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-3873
- OpenAlex
- W2083217178
- Cited by
- 1,141
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 61 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 99 · 2018: 92 · 2017: 115 · 2016: 114 · 2015: 76 · 2014: 69 · 2013: 64 · 2012: 65
- FWCI
- 26.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0540352, 0607485, 0507734)
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE‐FG02‐, FC02-06ER41453, FG02-08ER41563)
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNX08AM04G)
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- California Institute of Technology
- University of Oxford
- Minerva Foundation
- Weizmann Institute of Science
- Israel Science Foundation
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Instrumentation › Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Keywords
- Palomar Transient Factory, optical transients, supernova search, transient survey, light curves, transient classification, H-alpha survey, eclipsing binaries, transiting exoplanets, Orion
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