Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 296

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Demographics and Entrepreneurship

Open access
Liang, James, Wang, Hui, Lazear, Edward P.·2018·Journal of Political Economy
DOI 10.1086/698750
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Entrepreneurship requires energy and creativity as well as business acumen. Some factors that contribute to entrepreneurship decline with age, but business skills increase with experience in high-level positions. Having too many older workers in society slows entrepreneurship. When older workers occupy key positions, they block younger workers from acquiring skills. A theory is formulated and tested using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data. A one standard deviation decrease in a country’s median age increases new business formation by 2.5 percentage points, which is about 40 percent of the mean rate. Furthermore, older societies have lower rates of entrepreneurship at every age.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1086/698750

Cites

23 of 23 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 23 references

Research works printed but not linked: 24

  1. Acemoglu Daron, Working Paper no. 19894 (February), NBER
  2. Barro Robert, 2010, J. Development Econ. 104 (C), 184
  3. Becker Gary S, Demographic and Economic Change in Developed Countries
  4. Becker Gary S, 1962, J.P.E. 70 (5, pt. 2), 9
  5. Blanchflower David G, 2009, Oswald
  6. Bosma Niels, Version 2012-9 (May). Global Entrepreneurship Res. Assoc.
  7. Dore R., Occasional Paper no. CEPOP11 (March)
  8. Evans David, 1989, A.E.R., 79, 519
  9. Florida R., Leisure, Community and Everyday Life.
  10. Galenson David W, Painting Outside the Lines: Patterns of Creativity in Modern Art
  11. Gentry William M, 2004, B.E.J. Econ. Analysis and Policy 4 (1). doi:https://doi.org/10.2202/1538-0637.1053. · DOI
  12. Heston Alan, Penn World Table Version 7.1
  13. Kaufman A. S., 1996, Archives Clinical Neuropsychology, 11, 97
  14. Lafontaine Francine, Working Paper no. 20312 (July), NBER
  15. Lazear Edward P, 2004, A.E.R., 94, 208
  16. Lazear Edward P, 2013, Wall Street J.
  17. Immigration Statistics, Yearbook of Immigration Statistics
  18. Parker C. Simon., The Economics of Self-Employment and Entrepreneurship
  19. Schwarz A., Social Protection Discussion Paper Series, no. SP 9917
  20. Stone P. B., Japan Surges Ahead: Japan’s Economic Rebirth
  21. Strokova Victoria, 2010, Mitra
  22. Vogel Edgar, Working Paper no. 18856 (February), NBER
  23. Watanabe Susumu, 1970, Internat. Labour Rev., 102, 531
  24. Wellman B., 1999. Networks in the Global Village: Life in Contemporary Communities

Cited by

See all 296

Metadata

Authors
Liang, J., Wang, H., & Lazear, E. P.
Venue
Journal of Political Economy
Publisher
University of Chicago Press
Published
2018-10
Volume
126
Issue
S1
Pages
S140-S196
ISSN
  • 0022-3808 (ISSN-L)
  • 1537-534X
DOI
10.1086/698750
OpenAlex
W1731770012
Cited by
296
References
23
FWCI
22.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Demographics and Entrepreneurship. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1086/698750
The paper
Liang, J., Wang, H., & Lazear, E. P. (2018). Demographics and Entrepreneurship. Journal of Political Economy. https://doi.org/10.1086/698750

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.