Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 1,439

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Virtual Family—development of surface-based anatomical models of two adults and two children for dosimetric simulations

Open access
Christ, Andreas, Kainz, Wolfgang, Hahn, Eckhart G, Honegger, Katharina, Zefferer, Marcel, Neufeld, Esra, Rascher, Wolfgang, Janka, Rolf, Bautz, Werner, Chen, Ji, Kiefer, Berthold, Schmitt, Peter, Hollenbach, Hans-Peter, Shen, Jianxiang, Oberle, Michael, Szczerba, Dominik, Kam, Anthony, Guag, Joshua W, Kuster, Niels·2010·Physics in Medicine and Biology

Abstract

The objective of this study was to develop anatomically correct whole body human models of an adult male (34 years old), an adult female (26 years old) and two children (an 11-year-old girl and a six-year-old boy) for the optimized evaluation of electromagnetic exposure. These four models are referred to as the Virtual Family. They are based on high resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images of healthy volunteers. More than 80 different tissue types were distinguished during the segmentation. To improve the accuracy and the effectiveness of the segmentation, a novel semi-automated tool was used to analyze and segment the data. All tissues and organs were reconstructed as three-dimensional (3D) unstructured triangulated surface objects, yielding high precision images of individual features of the body. This greatly enhances the meshing flexibility and the accuracy with respect to thin tissue layers and small organs in comparison with the traditional voxel-based representation of anatomical models. Conformal computational techniques were also applied. The techniques and tools developed in this study can be used to more effectively develop future models and further improve the accuracy of the models for various applications. For research purposes, the four models are provided for free to the scientific community.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1088/0031-9155/55/2/n01

Cites

43 of 43 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 43 references

Cited by

See all 1,439

Metadata

Authors
Christ, A., Kainz, W., Hahn, E. G., Honegger, K., Zefferer, M., Neufeld, E., Rascher, W., Janka, R., Bautz, W., Chen, J., Kiefer, B., Schmitt, P., Hollenbach, H.-P., Shen, J., Oberle, M., Szczerba, D., Kam, A., Guag, J. W., & Kuster, N.
Venue
Physics in Medicine and Biology
Published
2009-12-17
Volume
55
Issue
2
Pages
N23-N38
ISSN
  • 0031-9155 (ISSN-L)
  • 1361-6560
OpenAlex
W2140796340
Cited by
1,439
References
43
FWCI
36.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Virtual Family—development of surface-based anatomical models of two adults and two children for dosimetric simulations. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1088/0031-9155/55/2/n01
The paper
Christ, A., Kainz, W., Hahn, E. G., Honegger, K., Zefferer, M., Neufeld, E., Rascher, W., Janka, R., Bautz, W., Chen, J., Kiefer, B., Schmitt, P., Hollenbach, H.-P., Shen, J., Oberle, M., Szczerba, D., Kam, A., Guag, J. W., & Kuster, N. (2010). The Virtual Family—development of surface-based anatomical models of two adults and two children for dosimetric simulations. Physics in Medicine and Biology. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/55/2/n01

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.