The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues
Open accessAbstract
A parametric model was developed to describe the variation of dielectric properties of tissues as a function of frequency. The experimental spectrum from 10 Hz to 100 GHz was modelled with four dispersion regions. The development of the model was based on recently acquired data, complemented by data surveyed from the literature. The purpose is to enable the prediction of dielectric data that are in line with those contained in the vast body of literature on the subject. The analysis was carried out on a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Parameters are given for 17 tissue types.
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Near-field methods do not address key challenges to powering a microimplant: weak coupling between extremely asymmetric source and receiver structures, dissipative and heterogeneous tissue, and regulatory power thresholds for general safety.
“Though well-suited for large devices and prostheses (21,22), near-field methods do not address key challenges to powering a microimplant: weak coupling between extremely asymmetric source and receiver structures (23), dissipative and heterogeneous tissue (24), and regulatory power thresholds for general safety (25).”
From Wireless power transfer to deep-tissue microimplants (2014) · cites this paper as [24]
The model and figure in Section 5 report permittivity and conductivity for 17 distinct tissues, supporting the cited point that tissue has differing, dissipative electrical properties. The paper does not assess whether near-field methods can address those properties when powering a microimplant. Citation (24) is attached to the tissue-property point, not the separately cited coupling or regulatory claims. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredUsing the Debye dispersion model for each tissue type, the peak efficiency was found to occur at 1.6 GHz.
“Using the Debye dispersion model for each tissue type (24), the peak efficiency was found to occur at 1.6 GHz.”
From Wireless power transfer to deep-tissue microimplants (2014) · cites this paper as [24]
Section 2 describes tissue-specific parameters for predicting dielectric behavior and introduces the Debye equation, but says the tissue spectrum is more appropriately described by multiple Cole-Cole dispersions. Section 3 says a four Cole-Cole model was adopted throughout the study. The citation is attached to the model description, not the subsequent 1.6 GHz efficiency finding. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Cites
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- Authors
- Gabriel, S., Lau, R. W., & Gabriel, C.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Venue
- Physics in Medicine and Biology
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 1996-11-01
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2271-2293
- ISSN
- 0031-9155 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6560
- OpenAlex
- W2069472142
- Semantic Scholar
- 90360bcefbf419989b528aa57e92c67aec08b62a
- Cited by
- 4,175
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 163 · 2025: 226 · 2024: 231 · 2023: 218 · 2022: 191 · 2021: 249 · 2020: 203 · 2019: 199 · 2018: 223 · 2017: 247 · 2016: 176 · 2015: 200 · 2014: 220 · 2013: 198 · 2012: 203
- FWCI
- 10.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Physics in Medicine and Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Air Force (F49620)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Microwave and Dielectric Measurement Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Radio Wave Propagation Studies
- Keywords
- dielectric properties, biological tissue, dielectric spectrum, parametric models, frequency dispersion, tissue type
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Blood Physiological Phenomena, Bone and Bones, Brain, Electric Conductivity, Electrophysiology, Heart, Humans, Kidney, Lens, Crystalline, Liver, Lung, Models, Biological, Muscles, Skin Physiological Phenomena, Spleen, Tendons, Reproducibility of Results
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