Quantum gravity: a progress report
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The problem of reconciling general relativity and quantum theory has fascinated and bedeviled physicists for more than 70 years. Despite recent progress in string theory and loop quantum gravity, a complete solution remains out of reach. I review the status of the continuing effort to quantize gravity, emphasizing the underlying conceptual issues and the various attempts to come to grips with them.
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No complete, self-consistent quantum theory of gravity has yet been formulated.
“But despite this enormous effort, no one has yet succeeded in formulating a complete, self-consistent quantum theory of gravity [83].”
From Quantum Gravity in 2 + 1 Dimensions: The Case of a Closed Universe (2005) · cites this paper as [83]
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200 of 216 shown
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Lorentz Invariance with an Invariant Energy Scale
Magueijo, J., & Smolin, L. (2002) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.88.190403 · Cited by 1,226 · see citing works
Barceló, C., Liberati, S., & Visser, M. (2005) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2005-12 · Cited by 1,163 · see citing works
Generalized Lorentz invariance with an invariant energy scale
Magueijo, J., & Smolin, L. (2003) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.67.044017 · Cited by 691 · see citing works
Quantum Gravity in 2 + 1 Dimensions: The Case of a Closed Universe
Carlip, S. (2005) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2005-1 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Self-citationCan we see Lorentz-violating vector fields in the CMB?
Lim, E. A. (2005) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.71.063504 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Carlip, S. (2023) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/1361-6633/acceb4 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationImplications of spacetime quantization for the Bahcall–Waxman neutrino bound
Amelino-Camelia, G., Arzano, M., Ng, Y. J., Piran, T., & Dam, H. V. (2004) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2004/02/009 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
- Authors
- Carlip, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carlip, S
- ORCID
- Carlip, S
- Venue
- Reports on Progress in Physics
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2001-07-30
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 885-942
- ISSN
- 0034-4885 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6633
- OpenAlex
- W1964600409
- Cited by
- 449
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 11.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Reports on Progress in Physics (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (FG0391ER40674)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Keywords
- quantum gravity, unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity, string theory, loop quantum gravity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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