Spatial infinity as a boundary of spacetime
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A definition of asymptotic flatness at spatial infinity is given by imposing conditions at a time-like boundary of a completed 4-manifold. The resulting framework is similar to the Penrose description of asymptotic flatness at null infinity in that physics at spatial infinity is coded in smooth tensor fields on the boundary. it reproduces the standard results of the i 0 -framework with the advantage that it avoids the awkward differentiability conditions imposed at i 0 . The universal structure made available by the definition is examined and the structure of the associated asymptotic symmetry group is analysed. The tensor fields describing the leading order behaviour of the gravitational field at spatial infinity are then introduced and the field equations that they satisfy are derived. Finally, the expressions of the 4-momentum and the angular momentum are presented. The structure of the permissible isometry groups in asymptotically flat spacetimes is discussed in an appendix.
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There are other relevant topologies in state space, as the norm topologies defined by the kinematical or diffeomorphism-invariant Hilbert structures, which are inequivalent to the one in which the limit (13) is taken.
“note for instance that there are other relevant topologies in state space, as the norm topologies defined by the kinematical or diffeomorphism-invariant Hilbert structures [6, 7], which are inequivalent to the one in which the limit (13) is taken.”
From Discreteness of area and volume in quantum gravity (1995) · cites this paper as [7]
The passages in §4, “Asymptotic symmetries” (page not supplied), discuss equivalence of spacetime completions, not topologies on a state space. Searches for Hilbert norm topologies and inequivalent state-space limits found no passage addressing the attributed claim. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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Esmaeili, E. (2019) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep10(2019)224 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Combinatorial Dynamics and Time in Quantum Gravity
Kauffman, S. A., & Smolin, L. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-46634-7_5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Solving Gauss' laws and the search for Dirac's observables for the four interactions
Lusanna, L. (1997) · Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements · doi:10.1016/s0920-5632(97)00349-6 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ashtekar variables in classical general relativity
Giulini, D. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/3-540-58339-4_16 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Unified treatment of null and spatial infinity III: asymptotically minkowski space-times
Ashtekar, A., & Khera, N. (2024) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep02(2024)210 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationBunster, C., Gomberoff, A., & Pérez, A. (2018) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1805.03728 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Towards a background independent approach to M theoryPreprint
Smolin, L. (1998) · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ashtekar, A., & Romano, J. D.
- Affiliations
- Syracuse University (US)
- Venue
- Classical and Quantum Gravity
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 1992-04-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1069-1100
- ISSN
- 0264-9381 (ISSN-L)
- 1361-6382
- OpenAlex
- W2051985377
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 7.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Classical and Quantum Gravity (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Keywords
- asymptotically flat spacetimes, spatial infinity, asymptotic symmetry group, angular momentum, isometry groups
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