The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Chronic neural recordings using silicon microelectrode arrays electrochemically deposited with a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film
Open accessAbstract
Conductive polymer coatings can be used to modify traditional electrode recording sites with the intent of improving the long-term performance of cortical microelectrodes. Conductive polymers can drastically decrease recording site impedance, which in turn is hypothesized to reduce thermal noise and signal loss through shunt pathways. Moreover, conductive polymers can be seeded with agents aimed at promoting neural growth toward the recording sites or minimizing the inherent immune response. The end goal of these efforts is to generate an ideal long-term interface between the recording electrode and surrounding tissue. The goal of this study was to refine a method to electrochemically deposit surfactant-templated ordered poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films on the recording sites of standard 'Michigan' probes and to evaluate the efficacy of these modified sites in recording chronic neural activity. PEDOT-coated site performance was compared to control sites over a six-week evaluation period in terms of impedance spectroscopy, signal-to-noise ratio, number of viable unit potentials recorded and local field potential recordings. PEDOT sites were found to outperform control sites with respect to signal-to-noise ratio and number of viable unit potentials. The benefit of reduced initial impedance, however, was mitigated by the impedance contribution of typical silicon electrode encapsulation. Coating sites with PEDOT also reduced the amount of low-frequency drift evident in local field potential recordings. These findings indicate that electrode sites electrochemically deposited with PEDOT films are suitable for recording neural activity in vivo for extended periods. This study also provided a unique opportunity to monitor how neural recording characteristics develop over the six weeks following implantation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Pattern Recognition with Fuzzy Objective Function Algorithms
Bezdek, J. C. (1981) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0450-1 · Cited by 9,881
A Fuzzy Relative of the ISODATA Process and Its Use in Detecting Compact Well-Separated Clusters
Dunn, J. C. (1973) · Journal of Cybernetics · doi:10.1080/01969727308546046 · Cited by 5,049
Response of brain tissue to chronically implanted neural electrodes
Polikov, V. S., Tresco, P. A., & Reichert, W. M. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.08.015 · Cited by 1,896
Learning to control a brain–machine interface for reaching and grasping by primates
Carmena, J. M., Lebedev, M. A., Crist, R. E., O'Doherty, J. E., Santucci, D. M., Dimitrov, D. F., Patil, P. G., Henriquez, C. S., & Nicolelis, M. A. L. (2003) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000042 · Cited by 1,761
Instant neural control of a movement signal
Serruya, M. D., Hatsopoulos, N. G., Paninski, L., Fellows, M. R., & Donoghue, J. P. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/416141a · Cited by 1,415
A review of methods for spike sorting: the detection and classification of neural action potentials
Lewicki, M. S. (1998) · Network Computation in Neural Systems · doi:10.1088/0954-898x_9_4_001 · Cited by 1,372
Harris, K. D., Henze, D. A., Csicsvari, J. L., Hirase, H., & Buzsáki, G. (2000) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.401 · Cited by 1,153
Stimulation of neurite outgrowth using an electrically conducting polymer
Schmidt, C. E., Shastri, V. P., Vacanti, J. P., & Langer, R. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.17.8948 · Cited by 1,072
Intracellular Features Predicted by Extracellular Recordings in the Hippocampus In Vivo
Henze, D. A., Borhegyi, Z., Csicsvari, J., Mamiya, A., Harris, K. D., & Buzsáki, G. (2000) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.390 · Cited by 942
Biran, R., Martin, D. C., & Tresco, P. A. (2005) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.04.020 · Cited by 893
Self-citationBrain responses to micro-machined silicon devices
Szarowski, D. H., Andersen, M. D., Retterer, S. T., Spence, A. J., Isaacson, M. S., Craighead, H. G., Turner, J. N., & Shain, W. G. (2003) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(03)03023-3 · Cited by 811
Cerebral Astrocyte Response to Micromachined Silicon Implants
Turner, J. N., Shain, W. G., Szarowski, D. H., Andersen, M., Martins, S., Isaacson, M. S., & Craighead, H. G. (1999) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.1998.6983 · Cited by 603
Cui, X. T., & Martin, D. C. (2003) · Sensors and Actuators B Chemical · doi:10.1016/s0925-4005(02)00448-3 · Cited by 590
Self-citationBrown, E. N., Frank, L. M., Tang, D., Quirk, M. C., & Wilson, M. A. (1998) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-18-07411.1998 · Cited by 585
Artificial Vision for the Blind by Connecting a Television Camera to the Visual Cortex
Dobelle, W. H. (2000) · ASAIO Journal · doi:10.1097/00002480-200001000-00002 · Cited by 584
Schwartz, A. B. (2004) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144233 · Cited by 560
Vector reconstruction from firing rates
Salinas, E., & Abbott, L. F. (1994) · Journal of Computational Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/bf00962720 · Cited by 488
Chronic Neural Recording Using Silicon-Substrate Microelectrode Arrays Implanted in Cerebral Cortex
Vetter, R. J., Williams, J. C., Hetke, J. F., Nunamaker, E. A., & Kipke, D. R. (2004) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2004.826680 · Cited by 484
Self-citationThe electrical properties of metal microelectrodes
Robinson, D. A. (1968) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/proc.1968.6458 · Cited by 459
Bobacka, J., Lewenstam, A., & Ivaska, A. U. (2000) · Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(00)00206-0 · Cited by 426
Suner, S., Fellows, M. R., Vargas-Irwin, C., Nakata, G. K., & Donoghue, J. P. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2005.857687 · Cited by 415 · cited 1×
“These four categories correspond well with observations of unit quality based on signal-to-noise ratio made in similar recording studies [40, 41].”
ResultWilliams, J. C., Rennaker, R. L., & Kipke, D. R. (1999) · Brain Research Protocols · doi:10.1016/s1385-299x(99)00034-3 · Cited by 400
Self-citationSubbaroyan, J., Martin, D. C., & Kipke, D. R. (2005) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/2/4/006 · Cited by 368
Self-citationDrake, K. L., Wise, K. D., Farraye, J., Anderson, D. J., & BeMent, S. L. (1988) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/10.7273 · Cited by 364
Stability of polypyrrole and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) for biosensor application
Yamato, H., Ohwa, M., & Wernet, W. (1995) · Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/0022-0728(95)04156-8 · Cited by 360
Cui, X. T., Hetke, J. F., Wiler, J. A., Anderson, D. J., & Martin, D. C. (2001) · Sensors and Actuators A Physical · doi:10.1016/s0924-4247(01)00637-9 · Cited by 331
Self-citationLiu, X., McCreery, D. B., Carter, R. R., Bullara, L. A., Yuen, T. G. H., & Agnew, W. F. (1999) · IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/86.788468 · Cited by 272
Organic Electrochemistry in the Solid State‐Overoxidation of Polypyrrole
Beck, F., Braun, P., & Oberst, M. (1987) · Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie · doi:10.1002/bbpc.19870910927 · Cited by 263
Chemical and topographical patterning for directed cell attachment
Craighead, H. G., James, C. D., & Turner, A. M. P. (2001) · Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science · doi:10.1016/s1359-0286(01)00005-5 · Cited by 230
Batch fabricated thin-film electrodes for stimulation of the central auditory system
Anderson, D. J., Najafi, K., Tanghe, S., Evans, D. A., Levy, K., Hetke, J. F., Xue, X., Zappia, J. J., & Wise, K. D. (1989) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/10.32101 · Cited by 229
Neuroprosthetics : Theory and Practice
Horch, K., & Dhillon, G. S. (2004) · doi:10.1142/4987#t=toc · Cited by 216
Enabling Technologies for Cultured Neural Networks
Stenger, D. A., & McKenna, T. M. (1994) · Cited by 214
Topographically modified surfaces affect orientation and growth of hippocampal neurons
Dowell‐Mesfin, N., Abdul-Karim, M., Turner, A. M. P., Schanz, S. J., Craighead, H. G., Roysam, B., Turner, J. N., & Shain, W. G. (2004) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2560/1/2/003 · Cited by 214
Tanihara, M., Suzuki, Y., Yamamoto, E., Noguchi, A., & Mizushima, Y. (2001) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · doi:10.1002/1097-4636(200108)56:2 · Cited by 205
Biological Performance of Materials
Barbucci, R., Lamponi, S., & Magnani, A. (2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-04154-3_8 · Cited by 185
Biocompatibility of silicon‐based electrode arrays implanted in feline cortical tissue
Schmidt, S., Horch, K., & Normann, R. A. (1993) · Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · doi:10.1002/jbm.820271106 · Cited by 182
Magill, P. J., Sharott, A., Bevan, M. D., Brown, P., & Bolam, J. P. (2004) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00134.2004 · Cited by 159
Gail, A. (2004) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhg129 · Cited by 151
Preparation of an oxidized iridium electrode and the variation of its potential with pH
Burke, L. D., Mulcahy, J. K., & Whelan, D. P. (1984) · Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(84)80045-5 · Cited by 149
Yang, J., Kim, D., Hendricks, J. L., Leach, M. K., Northey, R., & Martin, D. C. (2004) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2004.09.006 · Cited by 135
Self-citationRepeated voltage biasing improves unit recordings by reducing resistive tissue impedances
Johnson, M. D., Otto, K. J., & Kipke, D. R. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2005.847373 · Cited by 131
Self-citationEvolution of Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Polypyrrole during Extended Oxidation
Schlenoff, J. B., & Xu, H. L. (1992) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2221238 · Cited by 123
Oscillatory Local Field Potentials Recorded from the Subthalamic Nucleus of the Alert Rat
Brown, P., Kupsch, A. R., Magill, P. J., Sharott, A., Harnack, D., & Meissner, W. G. (2002) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1006/exnr.2002.7984 · Cited by 109
Extracellular Single-Unit Recording Methods
Humphrey, D. R., & Schmidt, E. M. (2003) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1385/0-89603-185-3:1 · Cited by 98
Design of a laboratory for multineuron studies
Gerstein, G. L., Bloom, M. J., Espinosa, I. E., Evanczuk, S., & Turner, M. R. (1983) · IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics · doi:10.1109/tsmc.1983.6313059 · Cited by 98
Preferential glial cell attachment to microcontact printed surfaces
John, P. M. S., Kam, L. C., Turner, S., Craighead, H. G., Issacson, M., Turner, J. N., & Shain, W. G. (1997) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(97)00069-1 · Cited by 81
Adhesion of neural cells on silicon wafer with nano-topographic surface
Fan, Y., Cui, F. Z., Chen, L. N., Zhai, Y., Xu, Q., & Lee, I.-S. (2002) · Applied Surface Science · doi:10.1016/s0169-4332(01)01046-7 · Cited by 80
Roughened polysilicon for low impedance microelectrodes in neural probes
Paik, S., Park, Y., & Cho, D. (2003) · Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering · doi:10.1088/0960-1317/13/3/304 · Cited by 61
Zouridakis, G., & Tam, D. C. (2000) · Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine · doi:10.1016/s0169-2607(99)00032-2 · Cited by 58
An investigation of hydrous oxide growth on iridium in base
Burke, L. D., & Scannell, R. A. (1984) · Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0022-0728(84)80350-2 · Cited by 58
ON-LINE SEPARATION OF INTERLEAVED NEURONAL PULSE SEQUENCES
Glaser, E. M., & Marks, W. B. (1968) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-003543-7.50012-4 · Cited by 48
Separation of Neuronal Activity by Waveform Analysis
Glaser, E. M. (1971) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-004901-1.50006-x · Cited by 41
Dynamic local search for clustering with unknown number of clusters
Kärkkäinen, I., & Fränti, P. (2003) · doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1048283 · Cited by 30
THE THEORY OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM RECORDING
Shoham, S., & Nagarajan, S. S. (2004) · Series on bioengineering and biomedical engineering · doi:10.1142/9789812561763_0014 · Cited by 10
Beiko, J., & Cain, D. P. (1998) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/8.5.407 · Cited by 8
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Schmidt E, 1990, Neurophysiol. Tech., 1
- Vetter R J, 2004, IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng., 52, 896
- 10.1088/0954-898X/9/4/001 · DOI
- Kuffler S W, 1976, A Cellular Approach to the Function of the Nervous System.
- Black J, 1999, Fundamentals of Biocompatibility
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Neural Stimulation and Recording Electrodes
Cogan, S. F. (2008) · Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1146/annurev.bioeng.10.061807.160518 · Cited by 2,243
The rise of plastic bioelectronics
Someya, T., Bao, Z., & Malliaras, G. G. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21004 · Cited by 1,884
Conducting polymers in biomedical engineering
Guimard, N. K., Gomez, N., & Schmidt, C. E. (2007) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.012 · Cited by 1,599
An Integrated Brain-Machine Interface Platform With Thousands of Channels
Musk, E., & Neuralink (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/16194 · Cited by 1,206
In vivo recordings of brain activity using organic transistors
Khodagholy, D., Doublet, T., Quilichini, P., Gurfinkel, M., Leleux, P., Ghestem, A., Ismailova, E., Hervé, T., Sanaur, S., Bernard, C., et al. (2013) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms2573 · Cited by 1,057
Metadata
- Authors
- Ludwig, K. A., Uram, J. D., Yang, J., Martin, D. C., & Kipke, D. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Dow Chemical (United States) (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Neural Engineering
- Publisher
- IOP Publishing
- Published
- 2006-03-01
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 59-70
- ISSN
- 1741-2552 (ISSN-L)
- 1741-2560
- OpenAlex
- W2057005089
- Cited by
- 638
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 57 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 8.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neural Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (9986866, 0518079, 0084304)
- University of Michigan
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (N01 NS 12338)
- Division of Materials Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Conducting polymers and applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design
- Keywords
- PEDOT, conducting polymer coatings, chronic neural recording, electrodeposition, electrode impedance, signal-to-noise ratio, local field potentials, low-frequency drift
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Electrochemistry, Electrodes, Implanted, Equipment Design, Male, Membranes, Artificial, Microelectrodes, Motor Cortex, Neurons, Polymers, Silicon, Time Factors, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Monitoring, Ambulatory, Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic, Equipment Failure Analysis, Coated Materials, Biocompatible, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
