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Cited by 503Psychotherapy Techniques and ApplicationsDigital Mental Health InterventionsTelemedicine and Telehealth Implementation

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Working Alliance in Online Therapy as Compared to Face-to-Face Therapy: Preliminary Results

Cook, Jonathan E., Doyle, Carol·2002·CyberPsychology & Behavior
DOI 10.1089/109493102753770480
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Abstract

Online therapy, defined as the provision of mental health services through the Internet, is a growing field that has sparked an abundance of interest and controversy. A primary concern in the practice of online therapy is whether a working alliance, considered a central component of successful therapy, can develop when participants are geographically separated. Working alliance scores were compared between a small, primarily female sample of online therapy consumers and a representative sample of traditional face-to-face therapy clients. Results revealed significantly higher means on the goal subscale and composite score of the Working Alliance Inventory in the online sample, suggesting that a working alliance can be adequately established in therapy delivered online. No significant differences in the level of working alliance were found within the online therapy sample with respect to modality of communication, client presenting problem, or therapist. Themes from comments suggest the importance for participants of the disinhibiting effects of the medium.

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Crossref · 10.1089/109493102753770480

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40 of 40 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Citations

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Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. Barak A., 2000, Journal of Virtual Environments. Available: www.brandeis.edu/pubs/jove/html/v5/ v5n1jove.html.
  2. 10.1037//0022-006X.68.4.650 · DOI · Paper page
  3. 10.1037//0022-0167.38.2.139 · DOI · Paper page
  4. 10.1037//1040-3590.3.2.188 · DOI
  5. Horvath A.O., 1995, In Session-Psychotherapy in Practice, 1, 7
  6. 10.1037//0022-0167.37.1.16 · DOI
  7. 10.1037//0022-0167.43.4.456 · DOI
  8. 10.1037//0022-0167.38.2.133 · DOI
  9. 10.1037//1040-3590.1.3.207 · DOI · Paper page

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Metadata

Authors
Cook, J. E., & Doyle, C.
Affiliations
  • Portland State University (US)
  • Lewis & Clark College (US)
ORCID
Cook, Jonathan E.
Venue
CyberPsychology & Behavior
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2002-04
Volume
5
Issue
2
Pages
95-105
ISSN
  • 1094-9313 (ISSN-L)
  • 1557-8364
DOI
10.1089/109493102753770480
OpenAlex
W2102823714
Cited by
503
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 28
FWCI
7.50
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.liebertpub.com/nv/resources-tools/text-and-data-mining-policy/121/ (tdm)
Locations
  • CyberPsychology & Behavior (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
Keywords
therapeutic relationship, online therapy, face-to-face therapy, Working Alliance Inventory, goal setting, therapist characteristics
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Mental Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Psychotherapy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Work, Internet

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