Expression of Cannabinoid Receptors in Human Osteoarthritic Cartilage: Implications for Future Therapies
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Introduction: Cannabinoids have shown to reduce joint damage in animal models of arthritis and reduce matrix metalloproteinase expression in primary human osteoarthritic (OA) chondrocytes. The actions of cannabinoids are mediated by a number of receptors, including cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2), G-protein-coupled receptors 55 and 18 (GPR55 and GPR18), transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma (PPARα and PPARγ). However, to date very few studies have investigated the expression and localization of these receptors in human chondrocytes, and expression during degeneration, and thus their potential in clinical applications is unknown. Methods: Human articular cartilage from patients with symptomatic OA was graded histologically and the expression and localization of cannabinoid receptors within OA cartilage and underlying bone were determined immunohistochemically. Expression levels across regions of cartilage and changes with degeneration were investigated. Results: Expression of all the cannabinoid receptors investigated was observed with no change with grade of degeneration seen in the expression of CB1, CB2, GPR55, PPARα, and PPARγ. Conversely, the number of chondrocytes within the deep zone of cartilage displaying immunopositivity for GPR18 and TRPV1 was significantly decreased in degenerate cartilage. Receptor expression was higher in chondrocytes than in osteocytes in the underlying bone. Conclusions: Chondrocytes from OA joints were shown to express a wide range of cannabinoid receptors even in degenerate tissues, demonstrating that these cells could respond to cannabinoids. Cannabinoids designed to bind to receptors inhibiting the catabolic and pain pathways within the arthritic joint, while avoiding psychoactive effects, could provide potential arthritis therapies.
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Both CB1 and CB2 receptors are expressed on chondrocytes and within the joint cartilage and subchondral bone of patients with osteoarthritis.
“Both receptors are expressed on chondrocytes and within the joint cartilage and subchondral bone of patients with osteoarthritis (Dunn et al, 2014(Dunn et al, , 2016)).”
From The endogenous cannabinoid system: a budding source of targets for treating inflammatory and neuropathic pain (2018) · cites this paper as Dunn et al, 2016
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Cannabinoid receptors are expressed in equine synovium and upregulated with synovitis
Miagkoff, L., Girard, C. A., St‐Jean, G., Richard, H., Beauchamp, G., & Laverty, S. (2022) · Equine Veterinary Journal · doi:10.1111/evj.13860 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
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Biased agonism of G protein-coupled receptors as a novel strategy for osteoarthritis therapy
Meng, X., Qin, L., & Wang, X. (2025) · Bone Research · doi:10.1038/s41413-025-00435-y · Cited by 12 · see citing works
GPR55 and GPR119 Receptors Contribute to the Processing of Neuropathic Pain in Rats
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Therapeutic Effects of Non-Euphorigenic Cannabis Extracts in Osteoarthritis
Karuppagounder, V., Chung, J., Abdeen, A., Thompson, A., Bouboukas, A., Pinamont, W. J., Yoshioka, N. K., Sepúlveda, D. E., Raup‐Konsavage, W. M., Graziane, N., et al. (2022) · Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research · doi:10.1089/can.2021.0244 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
HU308 Mitigates Osteoarthritis by Stimulating Sox9-Related Networks of Carbohydrate Metabolism
Carmon, I., Zecharyahu, L., Elayyan, J., Meka, S. R. K., Reich, E., Kandel, L., Bilkei‐Gorzó, A., Zimmer, A., Mechoulam, R., Kravchenko‐Balasha, N., et al. (2020) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.4741 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
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Cannabinoids in Autoimmune and Rheumatic Diseases
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Cannabinoids and Pain for the Plastic Surgeon
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Gene therapies for osteoarthritis: progress and prospects
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Monoacylglycerol Lipase and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Osteoarthritic Human Knees
Yu, M., Gordon, C., Studholme, K. M., Hassan, M., Sadar, F., Khan, A., Nicholson, J., Komatsu, D. E., & Kaczocha, M. (2023) · Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research · doi:10.1089/can.2023.0042 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Leroux, T. S., Ajrawat, P., Sundararajan, K., Maldonado-Rodriguez, N., Ravi, B., Gandhi, R., Rampersaud, Y. R., Veillette, C., Mahomed, N. N., & Clarke, H. A. (2024) · Journal of Cannabis Research · doi:10.1186/s42238-024-00231-1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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Cannabinoids in the Inflamed Synovium Can Be a Target for the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases
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Influence of the Synthetic Cannabinoid Agonist on Normal and Inflamed Cartilage: An In Vitro Study
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Beyond conventional care: exploring complementary and alternative medicine for autoimmune disorders
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Cannabinoids: new friends in bone fracture and in joint disease prevention?
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Имат ли място канабиноидите в лечението на ревматологични и автоимунни заболявания?
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Mecanismo de ação analgésica da dipirona
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Cartilage Repair and Regeneration: Focus on Multi-Disciplinary Strategies
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Sex-specific hormonal rescue of bone growth in PAPPA2-deficient mice
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- Authors
- Dunn, S. L., Wilkinson, J. M., Crawford, A., Bunning, R. A. D., & Le Maitre, C. L.
- Affiliations
- Sheffield Hallam University (GB)
- University of Sheffield (GB)
- Faculty of Health and Wellbeing, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
- Venue
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2016-12
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-15
- ISSN
- 2378-8763 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5576594
- OpenAlex
- W2278610020
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- SHURA (Sheffield Hallam University Research Archive) (Sheffield Hallam University) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- cannabinoid receptors, osteoarthritis, articular cartilage, chondrocytes, CB1 receptor, CB2 receptor, GPR55, GPR18, TRPV1, PPARα, PPARγ, cartilage degeneration, osteocytes
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