Improving siRNA Delivery In Vivo Through Lipid Conjugation
Open accessAbstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapeutics are approaching clinical approval for genetically defined diseases. Current clinical success is a result of significant innovations in the development of chemical architectures that support sustained, multi-month efficacy in vivo following a single administration. Conjugate-mediated delivery has established itself as the most promising platform for safe and targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery. Lipophilic conjugates represent a major class of modifications that improve siRNA pharmacokinetics and enable efficacy in a broad range of tissues. Here, we review current literature and define key features and limitations of this approach for in vivo modulation of gene expression.
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siRNAs are large, negatively-charged, double-stranded molecules that require formulation or chemical conjugation for delivery to tissues, especially the CNS.
“siRNAs are large, negatively-charged, double-stranded molecules that require formulation6 or chemical conjugation7–10 for delivery to tissues (especially CNS).”
From A divalent siRNA chemical scaffold for potent and sustained modulation of gene expression throughout the central nervous system (2019) · cites this paper as [9]
Conjugation of siRNA to lipophilic moieties is intended to improve cellular uptake through membrane interactions.
“Conjugation of siRNA to lipophilic moieties is intended to improve cellular uptake through membrane interactions [9, 10].”
From Elucidating brain transport pathways and cell type-dependent gene silencing of a durable lipid–siRNA conjugate administered into cerebrospinal fluid (2025) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Osborn, M. F., & Khvorova, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Khvorova, Anastasia
- Venue
- Nucleic Acid Therapeutics
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2018-06
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 128-136
- ISSN
- 2159-3337 (ISSN-L)
- 2159-3345
- PMC
- PMC5994667
- OpenAlex
- W2890989073
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 1.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nucleic Acid Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM108803)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (F32NS095508)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Keywords
- siRNA delivery, lipid conjugation, RNA interference therapy, gene expression modulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Transport, Humans, Lipids, Neoplasm Proteins, Neoplasms, Organ Specificity, Oligonucleotides, Antisense, Gene Transfer Techniques, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, RNA, Small Interfering, Molecular Targeted Therapy
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