A Prospective Study of the Effect of Nonionic Contrast Media on Thyroid Function
Abstract
To observe the effect of iodine in nonionic contrast media on thyroid function, we measured free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) following nonionic contrast radiography in 73 patients (49 males; 24 females) aged 50 to 84 years, mean 65.7 years. FT4 was significantly (p < 0.01) raised above baseline at 8 weeks but not 4 weeks following contrast injection (mean +/- standard deviation, 17.1 +/- 5.9 and 14.3 +/- 4.0 vs 13.3 +/- 2.7 pmol/L at baseline); however, TSH was significantly (p < 0.03) depressed at both 4 and 8 weeks (1.09 +/- 0.68 and 1.21 +/- 1.56 vs 1.40 +/- 0.90 mIU/L). T3 did not change significantly. FT4 rose by more than 20% in 15/73 and TSH fell by more than 20% in 41/73 compared to a fall of FT4 in 3/73 and a rise in TSH of 8/73 (p < 0.005 and < 0.001, respectively). Two patients became hyperthyroid and in four others either FT4 was elevated or TSH suppressed, one of whom developed atrial fibrillation. Although frank hyperthyroidism following contrast radiography was uncommon, there was a significant trend towards thyroid stimulation rather than suppression after iodine exposure. This may be related to the age of the patients studied.
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In an Australian study from a region of iodine sufficiency, 2 of 72 (2.8%) patients developed overt hyperthyroidism and an additional two patients developed subclinical hyperthyroidism within 8 weeks of iodinated contrast exposure.
“an Australian study from a region of iodine sufficiency found that 2 of 72 (2.8%) of patients developed overt hyperthyroidism and an additional two patients developed subclinical hyperthyroidism within 8 weeks of iodinated contrast exposure (562).”
From 2016 American Thyroid Association Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Hyperthyroidism and Other Causes of Thyrotoxicosis (2016) · cites this paper as [562]
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- Authors
- CONN, J. J., SEBASTIAN, M. J., DEAM, D., TAM, M., & MARTIN, F. I. R.
- Affiliations
- The Royal Melbourne Hospital (AU)
- ORCID
- CONN, JENNIFER J.
- Venue
- Thyroid
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1996-04
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 107-110
- ISSN
- 1050-7256 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-9077
- OpenAlex
- W2014850359
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Thyroid (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Keywords
- nonionic contrast media, iodine exposure, thyroid function, free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, hyperthyroidism, atrial fibrillation, elderly patients
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Contrast Media, Female, Humans, Hyperthyroidism, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Thyroid Function Tests, Thyrotropin, Thyroxine, Triiodothyronine
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