The DOI matches its Crossref record.
How To Do Things With Words
Open accessAbstract
This work sets out the author's conclusions in the field to which he directed his main efforts for at least the last ten years of his life. Starting from an examination of his already well-known distinction between performative utterances and statements, he finally abandons that distinction, replacing it with a more general theory of ‘illocutionary forces’ of utterances, which has important bearings on a wide variety of philosophical problems.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Bourdieu borrowed from Austin (1975: 16) in emphasizing ' misfires ' or blips, instances in which attempted speech acts (or by extension, attempted practices of any sort) fail because of some maladaption of practice to the situation (Austin's 'infelicities').”
From Bourdieu, Historicity, and Historical Sociology (2011) · cites this paper as Austin, 1975
In the citing paper
“Not knowing these intended meanings or illocutions, in Austin's (1975) words, interlocutors' misunderstanding is inevitable.”
From Teachers’ Classroom Interactional Competence: Scale Development and Validation (2023) · cites this paper as Austin's (1975)
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 2,101–2,200 of 21,466
Interactionally Embedded Gestalt Principles of Multimodal Human Communication
Trujillo, J. P., & Holler, J. (2023) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916221141422 · Cited by 49
Ercikan, K., & Roth, W. (2014) · Teachers College Record The Voice of Scholarship in Education · doi:10.1177/016146811411600405 · Cited by 56
Unmaking the State in “Occupied” Haiti
Kivland, C. L. (2012) · PoLAR Political and Legal Anthropology Review · doi:10.1111/j.1555-2934.2012.01202.x · Cited by 49
Remapping Genre through Performance: From “American” to “Hemispheric” Studies
Taylor, D. (2007) · PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America · doi:10.1632/pmla.2007.122.5.1416 · Cited by 49
Bureaucratic constructions of sexual diversity: ‘sensitive’, ‘controversial’ and silencing
Ullman, J., & Ferfolja, T. (2014) · Teaching Education · doi:10.1080/10476210.2014.959487 · Cited by 49
GAME THEORY: A PRACTITIONER'S APPROACH
Schelling, T. C. (2010) · Economics and Philosophy · doi:10.1017/s0266267110000040 · Cited by 49
Boréus, K. (2006) · European Journal of Social Theory · doi:10.1177/1368431006065721 · Cited by 49
Propositions and performativity: Relocating belief to the social
Day, A. (2010) · Culture and Religion · doi:10.1080/14755610903528812 · Cited by 49
Narrativity and enaction: the social nature of literary narrative understanding
Popova, Y. B. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00895 · Cited by 60
“Pragmatics, despite its close connection with linguistics, was originally developed by philosophers, such as Austin (1962) and Searle (1969), a fact that explains its preoccupation with what is taken to be the real acts and dynamic contexts of language exchanges between people.”
BackgroundConsequential Conditionals: Invited and Suppressed Inferences From Valued Outcomes.
Bonnefon, J., & Hilton, D. (2004) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.30.1.28 · Cited by 49
A performadox in truth-conditional semantics
Boër, S. E., & Lycan, W. G. (1980) · Linguistics and Philosophy · doi:10.1007/bf00351814 · Cited by 49
Yeo, G. (2010) · Archives and Museum Informatics · doi:10.1007/s10502-010-9119-9 · Cited by 48
“Presumably it also did not affect what, in the spirit of Austin (1962) , we might call its ‘performativity’, its original ability to deliver, or to help deliver, the actions that its words represent; it seems unlikely that the United States would have become less independent if these four words had not been italicised.”
BackgroundVirtual Organizations as Normative Multiagent Systems
Guido Boella, A., Hulstijn, J., & van der Torre, L. (2005) · Proceedings of the ... Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences/Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences · doi:10.1109/hicss.2005.677 · Cited by 49
An ontology of online user feedback in software engineering
Morales-Ramirez, I., Perini, A., & Guizzardi, R. S. S. (2015) · Applied Ontology · doi:10.3233/ao-150150 · Cited by 49
Khoo, O. (2007) · Hong Kong University Press eBooks · doi:10.5790/hongkong/9789622098794.001.0001 · Cited by 49
Fixing the Books: Secrecy, Literacy, and Perfectibility in Indigenous New Mexico
Debenport, E. (2015) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 49
Talking into (non)existence: Denying or constituting paradoxes of Corporate Social Responsibility
Hoffmann, J. (2017) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/0018726717721306 · Cited by 57
Kuchirko, Y. A. (2017) · Journal of Early Childhood Literacy · doi:10.1177/1468798417747029 · Cited by 65
Performing a Myth to Make a Market: The construction of the ‘magical world’ of Santa
Palo, T., Mason, K. J., & Roscoe, P. (2018) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/0170840618789192 · Cited by 50
John, P., Brooks, B., & Schriever, U. (2018) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2018.11.013 · Cited by 59
Survey on frontiers of language and robotics
Taniguchi, T., Mochihashi, D., Nagai, T., Uchida, S., Inoue, N., Kobayashi, I., Nakamura, T., Hagiwara, Y., Iwahashi, N., & Inamura, T. (2019) · Advanced Robotics · doi:10.1080/01691864.2019.1632223 · Cited by 51
“ported in pragmatics: (1) speech act theory [184], (2) a theory of implicature by Grices [185], and (3) relevance theory [186].”
BackgroundValle, C. L., Skwerer, D. P., & Tager-Flusberg, H. B. (2020) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04421-7 · Cited by 59
“This approach assumes the minimal unit of human communication is the performance of particular kinds of acts (e.g., statements, asking questions; Austin 1962; Searle et al.”
BackgroundAPPRECIATIVE INQUIRY AS DIALOGUE: GENERATIVE AND TRANSFORMATIVE
Gergen, M., Gergen, K. J., & Barrett, F. J. (2004) · Advances in appreciative inquiry · doi:10.1016/s1475-9152(04)01001-4 · Cited by 49
Eckert, C. M., Maier, A. M., & McMahon, C. A. (2005) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-84628-061-0_10 · Cited by 49
The relationship between patterns of classroom discourse and mathematics learning
Pierson, J. (2008) · Texas ScholarWorks (Texas Digital Library) · Cited by 48
Hutson, S. R. (2002) · Journal of Social Archaeology · doi:10.1177/1469605302002001597 · Cited by 49
The Metaphorical Construction of Complex Domains: The Case of Speech Activity in English
Semino, E. (2004) · Metaphor and Symbol · doi:10.1207/s15327868ms2001_2 · Cited by 49
Horton‐Salway, M. (2002) · Health An Interdisciplinary Journal for the Social Study of Health Illness and Medicine · doi:10.1177/136345930200600401 · Cited by 49
Animal communication: insights from linguistic pragmatics
Scott‐Phillips, T. C. (2009) · Animal Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2009.10.013 · Cited by 49
Second Language Learners and Speech Act Comprehension
Holtgraves, T. (2007) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9922.2007.00429.x · Cited by 49
Euphemism in Arabic: A Gricean Interpretation
Farghal, M. (2016) · Anthropological linguistics · Cited by 49
Two constraints on speech act ambiguity
Hinkelman, E., & Allen, J. F. (1989) · Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) · doi:10.3115/981623.981649 · Cited by 49
From Outer Words to Inner Worlds
Marshak, R. J., Keenoy, T., Oswick, C., et al. (2000) · The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science · doi:10.1177/0021886300362008 · Cited by 49
Two views of information modeling
Lyytinen, K. (1987) · Information & Management · doi:10.1016/0378-7206(87)90068-1 · Cited by 49
Margolis, J. (1979) · Philosophy and literature · doi:10.1353/phl.1979.0001 · Cited by 49
Developmental aspects of text production in writing and speech
Johansson, V. (2009) · Lund University Publications (Lund University) · Cited by 48
Compositional Obverter Communication Learning From Raw Visual InputPreprint
Choi, E., Lazaridou, A., & de Freitas, N. (2018) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1804.02341 · Cited by 49
The sociology of a market analysis tool: How industry analysts sort vendors and organize markets
Pollock, N., & Williams, R. (2009) · Information and Organization · doi:10.1016/j.infoandorg.2009.01.001 · Cited by 63
“The actual notion of ‘performativity’ stems from the work of the linguistic philosopher J.L. Austin (1962) who wrote that a statement was performative when it did more than just describe a reality but was instead actively engaged in the constitution of that reality (c.f. Barnes 1983).”
BackgroundThe Doctrine of Salvation in the First Letter of Peter
Williams, M. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511760198 · Cited by 48
Récanati, F. (2013) · Philosophy Compass · doi:10.1111/phc3.12045 · Cited by 48
Topic-based analysis of classroom discourse
Todd, R. W. (1998) · System · doi:10.1016/s0346-251x(98)00026-8 · Cited by 48
DISAPPEARING DISCOURSE: PERFORMATIVE TEXTS AND IDENTITY IN LEGAL CONTEXTS
Trinch, S. L. (2010) · Critical Inquiry in Language Studies · doi:10.1080/15427581003757517 · Cited by 48
The Ethical Significance of Shame: Insights of Aristotle and Xunzi
S., A. (2003) · Philosophy East and West · doi:10.1353/pew.2003.0013 · Cited by 48
Facebook as a third author—(Semi-)automated participation framework in Social Network Sites
Eisenlauer, V. (2014) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.02.006 · Cited by 53
Reynolds, K. A. (1985) · Gender Issues · doi:10.1007/bf02685576 · Cited by 48
Punctuation marks: procedural and conceptual uses
Bar-Aba, E. B. (2003) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/s0378-2166(02)00189-3 · Cited by 48
The balancing act: Framing gendered parental identities at dinnertime
Kendall, S. (2008) · Language in Society · doi:10.1017/s0047404508080767 · Cited by 52
“Positions are characterized by, first, the functions of talk the speaker performs when taking up that position, delineated as speech acts (Austin 1962) and further classified based on Searle’s (1979) categorization into five classes.”
BackgroundIntonational sentence-type conventions for perlocutionary effects: An experimental investigation
Jeong, S., & Potts, C. (2016) · Proceedings from Semantics and Linguistic Theory · doi:10.3765/salt.v26i0.3787 · Cited by 48
Feminist Phenomenology Futures
(2017) · Indiana University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctt2005vm7 · Cited by 48
Audience Agency in Social Performance
Taylor, A. (2021) · Cultural Sociology · doi:10.1177/17499755211029604 · Cited by 55
de Hoop, H., & Tarenskeen, S. (2014) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2014.07.001 · Cited by 48
After the Glow: Race ambivalence and other educational prognoses
Leonardo, Z. (2010) · Educational Philosophy and Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1469-5812.2010.00645.x · Cited by 48
A Pragmatic Analysis of Victory and Inaugural Speeches of President Umaru Musa Yar‟Adua
Ayeomoni, M. O., & Akinkurolere, S. O. (2012) · Theory and Practice in Language Studies · doi:10.4304/tpls.2.3.461-468 · Cited by 48
Leveraging Organizational Innovation for Strategic Reputation Management
Courtright, J. L., & Smudde, P. M. (2009) · Corporate Reputation Review · doi:10.1057/crr.2009.18 · Cited by 50
Provider-patient Adherence Dialogue in HIV Care: Results of a Multisite Study
Laws, M. B., Beach, M., Lee, Y., Rogers, W., Saha, S., Korthuis, P., Sharp, V., & Wilson, I. B. (2013) · Aids and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-012-0143-z · Cited by 53
Memon, J., Rozan, M. Z. A., Ismail, K., et al. (2015) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/2158244015569666 · Cited by 48
Installing Telecare, Installing Users
Criado, T. S., Gómez, D. L., Roberts, C., & Domènech, M. (2014) · Science Technology & Human Values · doi:10.1177/0162243913517011 · Cited by 48
Cultural Research in Suicidology: Challenges and Opportunities
Hjelmeland, H. (2010) · Suicidology online · Cited by 48
Visconti, L. M. (2015) · Journal of Marketing Management · doi:10.1080/0267257x.2015.1122660 · Cited by 48
What are tweeters doing: recognizing speech acts in twitter
Zhang, R., Gao, D., & Li, W. (2011) · Cited by 48
Standards of English in higher education : issues, challenges and strategies
Murray, N. L. (2016) · doi:10.82444/warw.33707185 · Cited by 48
Fechter, A. (2016) · Critique of Anthropology · doi:10.1177/0308275x16646837 · Cited by 48
Soviet Debris: Failure and the Poetics of Unfinished Construction in Northern Siberia
Ssorin-Chaikov, N. V. (2016) · Social research · doi:10.1353/sor.2016.0050 · Cited by 48
(Im)politeness and Cultural Variation
Sifianou, M., & Blitvich, G.-C. (2017) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-37508-7_22 · Cited by 48
Kim, H. Y., LaRusso, M. D., HSIN, L. B., Harbaugh, A. G., Selman, R. L., & Snow, C. E. (2018) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2018.05.005 · Cited by 55
Pereira, M. D. M. (2018) · Science Technology & Human Values · doi:10.1177/0162243918795043 · Cited by 57
“In his lecture series How to do Things with Words, Austin (1975) argues that performativity is not a property of a claim but an act only accomplished if conditions are favorable.”
BackgroundBERT-Caps: A Transformer-Based Capsule Network for Tweet Act Classification
Saha, T., Jayashree, S. R., Saha, S., & Bhattacharyya, P. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems · doi:10.1109/tcss.2020.3014128 · Cited by 53
Cortical mechanism of communicative speech production
Sassa, Y., Sugiura, M., Jeong, H., Horie, K., Sato, S., & Kawashima, R. (2007) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.05.059 · Cited by 48
INTERPRETING THE SOCIOLOGICAL CLASSICS: CAN THERE BE A “TRUE” MEANING OF MEAD?
Fine, G. A., & Kleinman, S. (1986) · Symbolic Interaction · doi:10.1525/si.1986.9.1.129 · Cited by 48
Two Ways of Articulating Heterogeneity in Korean American Narratives of Ethnic Identity
Kang, M. A., & Lo, A. (2004) · Journal of Asian American Studies · doi:10.1353/jaas.2005.0013 · Cited by 48
Leadership in a Communicative Perspective
Eriksen, E. O. (2001) · Acta Sociologica · doi:10.1080/000169901300060744 · Cited by 48
The emergence of illocutionary skills
Reeder, K. (1980) · Journal of Child Language · doi:10.1017/s0305000900007005 · Cited by 48
GRICE'S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE: GETTING THE MEANING ACROSS
Davies, B. L. (2000) · Cited by 48
Unfinished turns in French conversation: Projectability, syntax and action
Chevalier, F. H. G., & Clift, R. (2008) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2007.12.007 · Cited by 48
A Philosophical History of German Sociology
Vandenberghe, F. (2008) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203888490 · Cited by 48
Question/statement judgments: An fMRI study of intonation processing
Doherty, C. P., West, W. C., Dilley, L. C., Shattuck‐Hufnagel, S., & Caplan, D. N. (2004) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20042 · Cited by 48
Life: the communicative structure
Witzany, G. (2000) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · Cited by 48
Towards a formal theory of communication for multiagent systems
Singh, M. P. (1991) · Cited by 48
Ethnography of Speaking: Toward a Linguistics of the Praxis
Duranti, A. (2005) · doi:10.1002/9780470758434.ch2 · Cited by 48
Symbolic Action Research in Information Systems: Introduction to the Special Issue1
Aakhus, M. A., Ågerfalk, P. J., Lyytinen, K., & Te’eni, D. (2014) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.25300/misq/2014/38:4.3 · Cited by 49
Jiang, L. (2015) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.5539/elt.v8n7p95 · Cited by 47
Polyzou, A. (2014) · Critical Discourse Studies · doi:10.1080/17405904.2014.991796 · Cited by 47
The speech acts of the in-group
Cutting, J. (2001) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/s0378-2166(00)00056-4 · Cited by 47
Performative Space and Garden Transgressions in Tacitus' Death of Messalina
von Stackelberg, K. T. (2009) · The American Journal of Philology · doi:10.1353/ajp.0.0086 · Cited by 47
Grammar, society, and the speech act: Renewing the connections
Thibault, P. J., & van Leeuwen, T. (1996) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/0378-2166(95)00058-5 · Cited by 47
The making of international law
Klabbers, J. (2013) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139022569.005 · Cited by 47
Science, truth and dictatorship: Wishful thinking or wishful speaking?
John, S. D. (2018) · Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A · doi:10.1016/j.shpsa.2018.12.003 · Cited by 55
Standing out with the progressive
Wit, A. D., Petré, P., & Brisard, F. (2020) · Journal of Linguistics · doi:10.1017/s0022226719000501 · Cited by 47
Checking PolitiFact’s Fact-Checks
Nieminen, S., & Sankari, V. (2021) · Journalism Studies · doi:10.1080/1461670x.2021.1873818 · Cited by 56
Becoming Mapuche: Person and Ritual in Indigenous Chile
Course, M. (2011) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 47
The Social Construction of Emotions: New Directions from Culture Theory
McCarthy, E. D. (1994) · Fordham Research Commons (Fordham University) · Cited by 47
McCracken, G. (2007) · Revista de Administração de Empresas · doi:10.1590/s0034-75902007000100014 · Cited by 47
Hemphill, L., & Roback, A. J. (2014) · ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) · doi:10.1145/2531602.2531735 · Cited by 53
Universities and the mobilization of claims of excellence for competitive advantage
Wangenge‐Ouma, G., & Langa, P. V. (2009) · Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s10734-009-9278-x · Cited by 47
“utterances which perform acts by the saying of it (Austin 1978), on targeted constituencies.”
BackgroundInfluentialSundqvist, G., & Elam, M. J. (2010) · Risk Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy · doi:10.2202/1944-4079.1046 · Cited by 47
Rules, Red Tape, and Paperwork: The Archeology of State Control over Migrants
Martín, D. C. (2008) · Journal of Historical Sociology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6443.2008.00331.x · Cited by 47
Taylor, P. (1994) · Sociological Forum · doi:10.1007/bf01466318 · Cited by 47
A socio-technical approach to business process simulation
Gregoriades, A., & Sutcliffe, A. (2008) · Decision Support Systems · doi:10.1016/j.dss.2008.04.003 · Cited by 47
Ågerfalk, P. J. (2004) · Interacting with Computers · doi:10.1016/j.intcom.2004.05.002 · Cited by 47
Compliance or Comfort Zone? The Work of Embedded Ethics in Performing Regulation
Pérezts, M., & Picard, S. (2014) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-014-2154-3 · Cited by 51
Metadata
- Authors
- Austin, J. L.
- Corresponding author
- Austin, J.L.
- Venue
- Routledge eBooks
- Publisher
- Oxford University PressOxford
- Published
- 1975-09-18
- Pages
- 177-182
- OpenAlex
- W1576632330
- Cited by
- 21,496
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 432 · 2025: 587 · 2024: 705 · 2023: 823 · 2022: 768 · 2021: 996 · 2020: 1094 · 2019: 1291 · 2018: 1056 · 2017: 881 · 2016: 898 · 2015: 873 · 2014: 960 · 2013: 858 · 2012: 797
- FWCI
- 374.62
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
- DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Wittgensteinian philosophy and applications
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Epistemology, Ethics, and Metaphysics
- Keywords
- performatives, illocutionary force, statements, speech acts, pragmatics, philosophy of language
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review