Mediterranean Diet and Telomere Length: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Open accessAbstract
Accelerated telomere shortening has been associated with several age-related diseases and/or decreased lifespan in humans. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is considered to be 1 of the most recognized diets for disease prevention and healthy aging, partially due to its demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties which may impact on telomere length (TL). The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the associations between MedDiet adherence and TL maintenance. MEDLINE-PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched up to December 2018 for studies evaluating the association between MedDiet adherence and TL in blood cells. Two reviewers, working independently, screened all titles and abstracts to identify studies that met the inclusion criteria [cross-sectional, case-control, and prospective cohort studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published in English and excluded nonoriginal articles]. Data were pooled by the generic inverse variance method using the random effects model and expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD). Heterogeneity was identified using the Cochran Q test and quantified by the I2 statistic. A total of 8 original cross-sectional studies were included for the quantitative meta-analysis, comprising a total of 13,733 participants from 5 countries. A positive association between adherence to the MedDiet and TL was observed in all meta-analyses, with the exception of those conducted only in men: SMD (95% CI) of 0.130 (0.029; 0.231) for all subjects, 0.078 (0.005; 0.152) for women, and 0.095 (-0.005; 0.195) for men. Only 1 prospective cohort study and 1 RCT were identified, therefore, we could not undertake a meta-analysis for these study designs. The present meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies demonstrates that higher MedDiet adherence is associated with longer TL. At the same time, larger and high-quality prospective studies and clinical trials are warranted to confirm this association.
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Faster shortening of telomeres and inhibition of telomerase activity have been observed in unhealthy obesity.
“Faster shortening of the telomeres and an inhibition of the telomerase activity has therefore been observed in unhealthy obesity [22,23].”
From Mediterranean Diet as an Antioxidant: The Impact on Metabolic Health and Overall Wellbeing (2021) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Canudas, S., Becerra-Tomás, N., Hernández-Alonso, P., Galié, S., Leung, C., Crous-Bou, M., De Vivo, I., Gao, Y., Gu, Y., Meinilä, J., Milte, C., García-Calzón, S., Marti, A., Boccardi, V., Ventura-Marra, M., & Salas-Salvadó, J.
- Affiliations
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Folkhälsans Forskningscentrum (FI)
- Deakin University (AU)
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" (IT)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Advances in Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-11
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1544-1554
- ISSN
- 2156-5376 (ISSN-L)
- 2161-8313
- PMC
- PMC7666892
- OpenAlex
- W3046896990
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 2.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Advances in Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RISalud Institutional Health Repository of Andalucía (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Deakin Research Online (Deakin University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Networking Biomedical Research Center
- CIBEROBN
- Carlos III Health Institute
- European Regional Development Fund (CB07/03/2004, FJCI-2017–32205, FJC2018–036016-I)
- Ministry of Science and Innovation (2018FI_B_00444)
- Generalitat de Catalunya (CP19/00035)
- Acción Estratégica de Salud
- NIH
- Spanish Ministry of Health
- Ministry of Economy and Business-European Regional Development Fund
- ICREA
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, telomere length, dietary adherence, healthy aging, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, sex differences, blood cells, age-related diseases
- MeSH terms
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Prospective Studies, Telomere, Diet, Mediterranean, Telomere Shortening
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