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Carotenoid bioavailability is higher from salads ingested with full-fat than with fat-reduced salad dressings as measured with electrochemical detection

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Brown, Melody J, Ferruzzi, Mario G, Nguyen, Minhthy L, Cooper, Dale A, Eldridge, Alison L, Schwartz, Steven J, White, Wendy S·2004·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

DOI 10.1093/ajcn/80.2.396

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Abstract

Background The amount of dietary fat required for optimal bioavailability of carotenoids in plant matrices is not clearly defined.Objective The objective was to quantify the appearance of carotenoids in plasma chylomicrons after subjects ingested fresh vegetable salads with fat-free, reduced-fat, or full-fat salad dressings.Design The subjects (n = 7) each consumed 3 salads consisting of equivalent amounts of spinach, romaine lettuce, cherry tomatoes, and carrots with salad dressings containing 0, 6, or 28 g canola oil. The salads were consumed in random order separated by washout periods of > or =2 wk. Blood samples were collected hourly from 0 to 12 h. Chylomicrons were isolated by ultracentrifugation, and carotenoid absorption was analyzed by HPLC with coulometric array detection.Results After ingestion of the salads with fat-free salad dressing, the appearance of alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, and lycopene in chylomicrons was negligible. After ingestion of the salads with reduced-fat salad dressing, the appearance of the carotenoids in plasma chylomicrons increased relative to that after ingestion of the salads with fat-free salad dressing (P < 0.04). Similarly, the appearance of the carotenoids in plasma chylomicrons was higher after the ingestion of salads with full-fat than with reduced-fat salad dressing (P < 0.02).Conclusions High-sensitivity HPLC with coulometric array detection enabled us to quantify the intestinal absorption of carotenoids ingested from a single vegetable salad. Essentially no absorption of carotenoids was observed when salads with fat-free salad dressing were consumed. A substantially greater absorption of carotenoids was observed when salads were consumed with full-fat than with reduced-fat salad dressing.

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Authors: Brown, M. J., Ferruzzi, M. G., Nguyen, M. L., Cooper, D. A., Eldridge, A. L., Schwartz, S. J., & White, W. S.
Affiliations: Iowa State University (US)
Corresponding author: White, Wendy S
ORCID: Eldridge, Alison L
Schwartz, Steven J
White, Wendy S
Venue: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2004-08
Volume: 80
Issue: 2
Pages: 396-403
ISSN: 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/80.2.396
OpenAlex: W2098537290
Cited by: 376
References: 48
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 24
FWCI: 7.57
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 6772 d)
Locations: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Proteins in Food Systems
Keywords: carotenoid bioavailability, salad dressing, dietary fat, chylomicrons, carotenoid absorption, lycopene, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, canola oil, vegetable salad, plasma carotenoids
MeSH terms: Rapeseed Oil, Adult, Antioxidants, Biological Availability, Carotenoids, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chylomicrons, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, Female, Food Analysis, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Male, Vegetables

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Carotenoid bioavailability is higher from salads ingested with full-fat than with fat-reduced salad dressings as measured with electrochemical detection

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