The relation of sugar intake to β cell function in overweight Latino children
Open accessAbstract
Background Few studies have investigated the association between sugar intake and insulin dynamics in children, and none have examined this association in overweight Latino youth.Objective We aimed to examine the relation between dietary components, especially sugar intake, and insulin dynamics in overweight Latino youth.Design We examined 63 overweight Latino children aged 9-13 y. Dietary intake was determined by 3-d records, and body composition was measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Insulin sensitivity (S(I)), acute insulin response (AIR), and disposition index (an index of beta cell function) were measured by using a frequently sampled intravenous-glucose-tolerance test and minimal modeling. Hierarchical regression analysis ascertained the potential independent relation between insulin dynamics and dietary components.Results The relation between macronutrient intake and any variable related to insulin dynamics was not significant. However, higher total sugar intake, although not related to S(I), was significantly associated with lower AIR (beta = -0.296, P = 0.045) and lower beta cell function (beta = -0.421, P = 0.043), independent of the covariates age, sex, body composition, Tanner stage, and energy intake. Sugar-sweetened beverage intakes trended toward inverse association with lower AIR (beta = -0.219, P = 0.072) and beta cell function (beta = -0.298, P = 0.077).Conclusions In overweight Latino children, higher intakes of sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages were associated with lower AIR and disposition index, which suggested that these children already have early signs of poor beta cell function. These results emphasize the need for early nutritional interventions to reduce daily sugar intake in overweight Latino children and potentially reduce their risk for type 2 diabetes.
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Studies among children are more limited and have generally focused on weight gain and dental caries, as well as insulin resistance to a lesser extent.
“Studies among children are more limited and have generally focused on weight gain [4] and dental caries [10], as well as insulin resistance to a lesser extent [11, 12].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Davis, J. N., Ventura, E. E., Weigensberg, M. J., Ball, G. D., Cruz, M. L., Shaibi, G. Q., & Goran, M. I.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goran, Michael I
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-11
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1004-1010
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2538439
- OpenAlex
- W1864000974
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association
- University of Southern California
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01‐DK59211, R01DK059211)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01 RR-00043, RR00043, M01RR000043, MO1RR00043)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- sugar consumption, beta-cell function, Latino children, childhood obesity, sugar-sweetened beverages, insulin sensitivity, acute insulin response, disposition index, insulin dynamics, type 2 diabetes risk, dietary macronutrients
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Beverages, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, Child, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Insulin, Male, Obesity, Regression Analysis, Cohort Studies, Absorptiometry, Photon, Dietary Sucrose, Insulin-Secreting Cells
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