Community Programs for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review
Abstract
In this systematic review, the authors aimed to assess the effectiveness of community programs for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). They searched numerous electronic databases (CDSR, DARE, HTA, EED, and CENTRAL via the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, MEDLINE In Process, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, HMIC, and ASSIA) and relevant Web sites from January 1970 to mid-July 2008. Controlled studies of community programs for the primary prevention of CVD were included. Net changes in CVD risk factors were used to generate an overall index for net change in 10-year CVD risk. The authors identified 36 relevant community programs that took place between 1970 and 2008. These programs were multifaceted interventions employing combinations of media, screening, and counseling activities and environmental changes and were primarily evaluated using controlled before-after studies. In 7 studies, investigators reported changes in CVD/total mortality rates, and in 5 they reported net changes. In all cases, these net changes were positive but were largely nonsignificant. In 22 studies, investigators reported changes in physiologic CVD risk factors, and there was a positive trend in the calculated CVD risk score. The average net reduction in 10-year CVD risk was 0.65%. Community programs for CVD prevention appear to have generally achieved favorable changes in overall CVD risk and, with adaptation to current circumstances, deserve continued consideration as possible approaches to preventing CVD.
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Comprehensive reviews have concluded that anti-tobacco media and education campaigns can increase negative attitudes about smoking, reduce initiation of smoking among youth, and promote smoking cessation among active smokers.
“All of these reviews have concluded that such campaigns can increase negative attitudes about smoking, reduce initiation of smoking among youth, and promote smoking cessation among active smokers.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [82]
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- Authors
- Pennant, M., Davenport, C., Bayliss, S., Greenheld, W., Marshall, T., & Hyde, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Pennant, M.
- Venue
- American Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2010-07-28
- Volume
- 172
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 501-516
- ISSN
- 0002-9262 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-6256
- OpenAlex
- W2148624435
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 1.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Keywords
- cardiovascular disease prevention, community-based intervention, primary prevention, cardiovascular risk factors, 10-year cardiovascular risk, multicomponent intervention, health screening, health counseling, environmental change, cardiovascular mortality, intervention effectiveness
- MeSH terms
- Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Community Health Services, Health Education, Health Promotion, Humans, Lipids, Primary Prevention, Risk Factors, Smoking
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