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ALCOHOL USE AMONG SWEDES AND A PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE ALCOHOL USE DISORDERS IDENTIFICATION TEST
Abstract
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was completed by 997 persons randomly selected from the general Swedish population (80% response rate). Eighteen per cent of the men and 5% of the women had hazardous or harmful alcohol use according to the > or =8 score criterion. AUDIT scores decreased with increasing age in both genders. Women are more sensitive to alcohol than men and when the cut-off score was set to > or =6, the female prevalence of hazardous or harmful alcohol use increased to nearly 11%. The 'binge drinking' question explained half of the total AUDIT variance and is thus the best item indicator of hazardous or harmful alcohol use in the test. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses revealed two AUDIT basic factors, the first three items defining a 'hazardous consumption' factor and the other seven items an 'alcohol-related problems' factor. Both the internal and test- retest reliability of the Swedish version of AUDIT were satisfactory. A table for converting raw scores to non-normalized T-scores for each combination of gender and three age intervals is presented.
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Items 101–200 of 345
Hensing, G. K. E., Bertilsson, M., Ahlborg, G., Wærn, M., & Vaez, M. (2013) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-13-259 · Cited by 33
“As an indicator of harmful alcohol habits, the Swedish version of the WHO’s recommended questionnaire the AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) was used [32].”
MethodÖhlin, L., Hesse, M., Fridell, M., & Tätting, P. (2011) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-11-81 · Cited by 32
“For this study we report age- and gender-adjusted T-scores based on a Swedish standardization study [27].”
MethodCook, S., Stavola, B. L. D., Saburova, L., Kiryanov, N. A., Vasiljev, M., McCambridge, J., McKee, M., Polikina, O., Gil, A. U., & Leon, D. A. (2011) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agr076 · Cited by 32
“Studies in Sweden, Brazil and the UK of general population samples have all suggested a two factor structure with one factor measuring alcohol consumption and one measuring alcohol-related problems(Bergman and Kallmen, 2002; Lima et al., 2005; Shevlin and Smith, 2007).”
Öhlin, L., Fridell, M., & Nyhlén, A. (2015) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-015-0415-z · Cited by 32
“The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) for alcohol screening [59,60] contains 10 items, with a maximum score of 40.”
Troubled social background of male anabolic-androgenic steroid abusers in treatment
Skårberg, K., & Engström, I. (2007) · Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy · doi:10.1186/1747-597x-2-20 · Cited by 32
Simon, C. B., McCabe, C. J., Matson, T. E., Oliver, M. M., Bradley, K. A., & Hallgren, K. A. (2023) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.15245 · Cited by 31
A Comparison of Mental Health and Alcohol Use Between Traditional and Nontraditional Students
Trenz, R. C., Ecklund‐Flores, L., & Rapoza, K. A. (2015) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2015.1040409 · Cited by 31
Consumo de álcool entre estudantes de faculdades de Medicina de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Rocha, L. A., Lopes, A. C. F. M. D. M., Martelli, D. R. B., Lima, V. B., & Martelli‐Júnior, H. (2011) · Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica · doi:10.1590/s0100-55022011000300010 · Cited by 31
Effects of alcohol consumption and antipsychotic medication on brain morphology in schizophrenia
Nesvåg, R., Frigessi, A., Jönsson, E. G., & Agartz, I. (2007) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.11.008 · Cited by 31
“The maximum score from AUDIT is 40, and a score of eight or above for men and six or above for women indicates an alcohol use disorder with sensitivity and specificity between 80 and 95 % (Allen et al., 1997; Bergman and Kallmen, 2002; Conigrave et al., 1995).”
BackgroundHensing, G. K. E., Holmgren, K. E., & MÅRDBY, A.-C. M. (2011) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agr033 · Cited by 31
Ahnquist, J., Lindström, M., & Wamala, S. P. (2008) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-283 · Cited by 30
“In this study harmful alcohol consumption is categorized based on the three consumption items of the Swedish version of AUDIT [33].”
InfluentialA review of screening, assessment and outcome measures for drug and alcohol settings.
Deady, M. (2009) · Cited by 30
Dahlberg, K., Forsell, Y., Thakker, K. D., & Runeson, B. (2007) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039480601129333 · Cited by 30
“The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) (28, 29) was used to screen for harmful alcohol use during the past 12 months, we chose the cut-off of 11 points.”
MethodLiberg, B., Öberg, K. G., Jokinen, J., Savard, J., Dhejne, C., Arver, S., Fuß, J., Ingvar, M., & Abé, C. (2022) · Journal of Behavioral Addictions · doi:10.1556/2006.2022.00035 · Cited by 33
Göransson, M., Magnusson, Å., & Heilig, M. A. (2006) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1080/00016340600589677 · Cited by 29
“consumption which has led or in the future might lead to adverse health consequences) are 8 for men and 6 in women (22,23).”
BackgroundCriminal and alcohol problems among Swedish drunk drivers — Predictors of DUI relapse
Hubicka, B., Laurell, H., & Bergman, H. (2008) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2008.09.003 · Cited by 29
“Based on the AUDIT responses of a simple random sample of about 1000 Swedes (80% response rate) raw scores were transformed to age- and gender corrected non-normalized T-scores (M=50, SD=10) (Bergman & Källmén, 2002).”
MethodSelf-citationPrenatal diagnosis in Sweden 2011 to 2013—a register-based study
Petersson, K., Lindkvist, M., Persson, M., Conner, P., Åhman, A., & Mogren, I. (2016) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-016-1165-8 · Cited by 28
“AUDIT-score ranged from 0 to 40 scores, and was categorized into ≤5 scores and ≥6 scores, which indicates harmful alcohol use [11].”
Dadouch, Z., & Lilly, M. M. (2020) · Journalism Practice · doi:10.1080/17512786.2020.1755606 · Cited by 28
Depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation and acne: a study of male Finnish conscripts
Rehn, L., Meririnne, E., Höök‐Nikanne, J., Isometsä, E. T., & HENRIKSSON, M. M. (2008) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2007.02514.x · Cited by 28
Rodríguez‐Martos, A., & Santamariña, E. (2007) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826080701351507 · Cited by 28
Ledden, S., Moran, P., Osborn, D., & Pitman, A. (2022) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2022.594 · Cited by 34
AlMarri, T. S. K., Oei, T. P. S., & Amir, T. (2009) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826080902848533 · Cited by 27
“Several studies have explored and confirmed the AUDIT’s factor structure (e.g., Bergman and Källmén, 2002; Chung, Colby, Barnett, and Monti, 2002; Karno, Granholm, and Lin, 2000; Kelly and Donovan, 2001; Shields, Guttmannova, and Caruso, 2004).”
BackgroundNordqvist, C., Wilhelm, E., Lindqvist, K. S., & Bendtsen, P. (2005) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh175 · Cited by 25
“An additional explanation is that the increase is owing to the general increase in drinking in Sweden or the normal variation in consumption in the population (Bergman and Källmén, 2002; Leifman and Trolldal, 2002).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialGuerra, V., Paladines-Costa, B., Vaca, S., Cacho, R., Fernández‐Montalvo, J., & Ruisoto, P. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0219618 · Cited by 30
Ekström, V., & Johansson, M. (2020) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-020-00196-5 · Cited by 29
“In Sweden 15% of men and 12% of women in the adult population is estimated to have hazardous alcohol use [24].”
BackgroundCruce, G., Nordström, L. G., & Öjehagen, A. (2007) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039480701226062 · Cited by 26
“Nineteen scores and more indicate ‘‘alcohol-related problems including dependence’’ (27).”
BackgroundCarlfjord, S., Nilsén, P., Leijon, M. E., Andersson, A., Johansson, K. A., & Bendtsen, P. (2008) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2008.10.004 · Cited by 26
Jilali, L. B. E., Benazzouz, B., Hessni, A. E., Ouichou, A., & Mesfioui, A. (2019) · International Journal of Adolescence and Youth · doi:10.1080/02673843.2019.1700807 · Cited by 25
Bodén, R., Sundström, J., Lindström, E., Wieselgren, I., & Lindström, L. (2009) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-009-0108-3 · Cited by 25
“AUDIT is a 10-item self-report screening questionnaire of alcohol drinking habits developed by WHO and validated in many cultural settings [28], including Sweden, as well as in populations of patients with psychosis [25, 29 ].”
MethodHazardous drinking among restaurant workers
Norström, T., Sundin, E., Müller, D., & Leifman, H. (2012) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494812456634 · Cited by 25
Ahačić, K., Kåreholt, I., Helgason, Á. R., & Allebeck, P. (2013) · Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy · doi:10.1186/1747-597x-8-10 · Cited by 25
“In 2007, the AUDIT-C instrument [31,32] was used instead of the grid.”
BackgroundSTRESS AND BURNOUT IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS
Peterson, U. (2008) · Figshare · Cited by 25
Bertilsson, M., Vaez, M., Wærn, M., Ahlborg, G., & Hensing, G. K. E. (2014) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-014-9518-5 · Cited by 24
“The Swedish version of the WHO’s AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test) questionnaire was used [53] to identify harmful alcohol habits.”
MethodNorström, T., & Pape, H. (2012) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2012.73.542 · Cited by 24
Helgadóttir, B., Hallgren, M. Å., Kullberg, C. L. E., & Forsell, Y. (2017) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.11.011 · Cited by 24
Ahačić, K., Allebeck, P., & Thakker, K. D. (2010) · Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy · doi:10.1186/1747-597x-5-30 · Cited by 23
Strandberg, A. K., Skoglund, C. B., Gripenberg, J., & Kvillemo, P. (2019) · Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.1177/1455072519845970 · Cited by 24
Attachment style among outpatients with substance use disorders in psychological treatment
Gidhagen, Y., Holmqvist, R., & Philips, B. (2018) · Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice · doi:10.1111/papt.12172 · Cited by 21
Blair, A., Pearce, M., Katamba, A., Malamba, S. S., Muyinda, H., Schechter, M. T., & Spittal, P. M. (2016) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agw090 · Cited by 23
“The superiority of the three-level model for both sexes and overall differs from the larger supporting the twofactor approach with Questions 4–10 unified into a single concept of ‘adverse consequences’ (Bergman and Källmén, 2002; Chung et al., 2002; Reinert and Allen, 2007; Peng et al., 2012).”
MethodBerman, A. H., Andersson, C. R., Gajecki, M., Rosendahl, I. K., Sinadinovic, K., & Blankers, M. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm8111807 · Cited by 22
Ljungvall, H., Persson, A., Åsenlöf, P., Heilig, M. A., & Ekselius, L. (2019) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2019.1666300 · Cited by 22
“Cutoff values of 8 and 6 points for men and women respectively indicate hazardous alcohol use and a score of 19, indicates alcohol-related problems including dependence [29].”
BackgroundSocial Cognition Deficits and Psychopathic Traits in Young People Seeking Mental Health Treatment
van Zwieten, A., Meyer, J. M., Hermens, D. F., Hickie, I. B., Hawes, D. J., Glozier, N., Naismith, S. L., Scott, E. M., Lee, R. S. C., & Guastella, A. J. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0067753 · Cited by 25
“It has strong internal consistency and test-retest reliability [66,67,68].”
BackgroundMathiesen, E. F., Nome, S., Richter, J., & Eisemann, M. R. (2012) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-012-0541-8 · Cited by 21
“While AUDIT is sensitive, not only to severe alcohol problems, but also to hazardous drinking, the instrument is particularly suitable for general population studies, where the prevalence of alcohol problems is lower than in clinical samples (Bergman and Kallmen 2002).”
BackgroundRönnquist, S. S., Viberg, B., Kristensen, M. T., Palm, H., Jensen, J. B., Madsen, C. F., Åkesson, K., Overgaard, S., & Rogmark, C. (2022) · Osteoporosis International · doi:10.1007/s00198-021-06281-y · Cited by 21
Ji, J., Sundquist, J., & Sundquist, K. (2014) · Neoplasia · doi:10.1016/j.neo.2014.03.003 · Cited by 21
“In Sweden, AUDs affect around 18% of men and 5% of women [3,4].”
BackgroundJeong, H. S., Park, S., Lim, S. M., Ma, J., Kang, I., Kim, J., Kim, E., Choi, Y. J., Lim, J.-H., Chung, Y., et al. (2017) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2016.1271986 · Cited by 21
“Previous studies have found that setting lower cut-off scores for women improves the diagnostic efficiency of the AUDIT-C (Bergman & Källmén, 2002; Lundin, Hallgren, Balliu, & Forsell, 2015), but whether this holds true for female first responders has yet to be determined.”
BackgroundThe work ability continuum : Epidemiological studies of factors promoting sustainable work ability
Lindberg, P. (2006) · Figshare · Cited by 21
Bohman, H., Låftman, S. B., Alaie, I., Ssegonja, R., & Jonsson, U. (2024) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-024-02596-3 · Cited by 20
“Current hazardous drinking at follow-up was defined as an AUDIT score of ≥8 for men and ≥6 for women [30], and current hazardous drug use as a DUDIT score of >5.”
Harmful drinking and talking about alcohol in primary care: New Zealand population survey findings
Foulds, J., Wells, J. E., Lacey, C. J., Adamson, S. J., & Mulder, R. (2012) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01871.x · Cited by 20
Hallgren, M. Å., Nakitanda, A. O., Ekblom, Ö. B., Herring, M. P., Owen, N. G., Dunstan, D. W., Helgadóttir, B., & Forsell, Y. (2016) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.03.021 · Cited by 21
Hougsnæs, S., Bøe, H. J., Dahl, A. A., & Reichelt, J. G. (2016) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2016.1201529 · Cited by 20
Nyrenius, J., Wærn, M., Eberhard, J., Ghaziuddin, M., Gillberg, C., & Billstedt, E. (2023) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2023.553 · Cited by 39
Investigating Gender Differences in Alcohol Problems: A Latent Trait Modeling Approach
Nichol, P. E., Krueger, R. F., & Iacono, W. G. (2007) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2007.00375.x · Cited by 22
Alfonsson, S., Parling, T., & Ghaderi, A. (2013) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12025 · Cited by 20
“The levels of hazardous alcohol consumption in our study were comparable to those from the non-obese population (40).”
ResultSundström, C., Kraepelien, M., Eék, N., Fahlke, C., Kaldo, V., & Berman, A. H. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1355-6 · Cited by 20
“A score of 20 or above for both men and women is considered probable alcohol dependence [40].”
BackgroundMoreta‐Herrera, R., Rodas, J. A., & Salazar, C. M. L. (2020) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agaa126 · Cited by 19
de Meneses-Gaya, C., Zuardi, A. W., Loureiro, S. R., & Crippa, J. A. S. (2009) · Psicologia Teoria e Pesquisa · doi:10.1590/s1983-32882009000100012 · Cited by 19
Ji, J., Sundquist, J., & Sundquist, K. (2015) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.12667 · Cited by 19
“It was estimated that AUDs affect around 18% of men and 5% of women in Sweden based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [25], which is higher than the percentages observed in this study (around 4%).”
ResultHubicka, B., Laurell, H., & Bergman, H. (2010) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494809353506 · Cited by 21
Self-citationThe role of different physical function tests for the prediction of fracture risk in older women
Gregori, G., Johansson, L., Axelsson, K. F., Jaiswal, R., Litsne, H., Larsson, B. A. M., & Lorentzon, M. (2024) · Journal of Cachexia Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.13508 · Cited by 18
Mide, M., Arvidson, E., & Gordh, A. S. (2023) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-022-10183-x · Cited by 18
Guardia, D., Salleron, J., Roelandt, J.-L., & Vaïva, G. (2016) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2016.06.008 · Cited by 18
Durbeej, N., Palmstierna, T., Rosendahl, I. K., Berman, A. H., Kristiansson, M., & Gumpert, C. H. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0137780 · Cited by 18
“The rationales for the lower scores for females are that women tend to develop a higher blood-alcohol-concentration level after the same amount of alcohol intake relative to men, and that the risk for medical alcohol-related consequences is higher for women than for men [29].”
BackgroundTuliao, A. P., Mamauag, B. L., & McChargue, D. E. (2015) · Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/15332640.2015.1011731 · Cited by 18
“…evidence for a unidimensional factor structure (Carey et al., 2003; Skipsey et al., 1997) and many studies converge on a two-factor structure (Bergman & Källmén, 2002; Chung, Colby, Barnett, & Monti, 2002; Karno, Granholm, & Lin, 2000; O’Hare & Sherrer, 1999; Shields, Guttmannova, & Caruso,…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialVeje, M., Studahl, M., Thunström, E. Ö., Stentoft, E., Nolskog, P., Çelik, Y., & Peker, Y. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246767 · Cited by 18
“The ten items are multiplied with a frequency factor of 0–4, resulting in a total score of 0–40 points, where 8 points for men and 6 points for women indicate a risk behavior [26, 27].”
BackgroundChanges in alcohol consumption between 2009 and 2014 assessed with the AUDIT
Källmén, H., Wennberg, P., Ramstedt, M., & Hallgren, M. Å. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494815576268 · Cited by 17
Gajecki, M., Berman, A. H., Sinadinovic, K., Andersson, C. R., Ljótsson, B., Hedman‐Lagerlöf, E., Rück, C., & Lindefors, N. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0104615 · Cited by 19
“In this study the term problematic alcohol use includes hazardous use (6–15 points for women [28] and 8–15 for men), harmful use (16–19) and probable dependence (20–40) [30].”
BackgroundMethodNoorbakhsh, S., Shams, J., Faghihimohamadi, M., Zahiroddin, H., Hallgren, M. Å., & Källmén, H. (2018) · Substance Abuse Treatment Prevention and Policy · doi:10.1186/s13011-018-0141-x · Cited by 17
“However, if AUDIT is used in this context as a single factor scale, the recommended cut-off for Hazardous drinking is 8+ in men and 6+ for women [41, 48].”
BackgroundMethodHalkjelsvik, T., & Storvoll, E. E. (2015) · Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.1515/nsad-2015-0008 · Cited by 17
“En svensk studie med data fra 1997 viste at 17.9% av menn og 5.1% av kvinner kom over grenseverdien på 8+ (Bergman & Källmén, 2002).”
BackgroundInfluentialAlcohol intake and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in men and women
Chang, E. T., Smedby, K. E., Zhang, S. M., Hjalgrim, H., Melbye, M., �st, �., Wolk, A., Adami, H., & Glimelius, B. L. G. (2004) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-004-2234-2 · Cited by 17
“The pattern of alcohol use in our control population – that is, with men consuming more alcohol with greater frequency than women – is consistent with that reported in a recent general population survey in Sweden [35].”
ResultHazardous alcohol use in general psychiatric outpatients
Eberhard, S., Nordstrom, G., & Öjehagen, A. (2015) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2015.1036967 · Cited by 16
“It has been translated into Swedish and validated by Bergman & Källmén (2002).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialAlcohol habits in Sweden during 1997–2018: a repeated cross-sectional study
Källmén, H., Berman, A. H., Elgán, T. H., & Wennberg, P. (2019) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2019.1660912 · Cited by 16
“In Sweden, the test has been validated in a patient sample with high prevalence of alcohol problems [13] as well as in the general population [14,15].”
BackgroundMethodHazardous Drinking and Drinking Patterns Among the Reindeer-Herding Sami Population in Sweden
Kaiser, N., Nordström, A., Jacobsson, L. H., & Renberg, E. S. (2011) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2011.577884 · Cited by 16
Norberg, M. M., Ham, L. S., Olivier, J., Zamboanga, B. L., Melkonian, A. J., & Fugitt, J. L. (2016) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2016.1152498 · Cited by 17
“Studies on college student drinking in general (Bergman & Kallmen, 2002) and on pregaming specifically (Barnett et al., 2013) have found that being older is associated with fewer alcohol problems.”
BackgroundGhafouri, B., Edman, E., Löf, M., Lund, E., Leinhard, O. D., Lundberg, P., Forsgren, M. F., Gerdle, B. U. C., & Dong, H. (2022) · PAIN Reports · doi:10.1097/pr9.0000000000001042 · Cited by 15
Negative mood regulation expectancies, frontal lobe related behaviors and alcohol use
Lyvers, M., Thorberg, F. A., Ellul, A., Turner, J. G., & Bahr, M. (2009) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2009.10.030 · Cited by 15
“Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) ranges from .80 (Kane, Loxton, Staiger, & Dawe, 2004) to .94 (Pal, Jena, & Yadav, 2004) and test-retest reliabilities range from r =.87 over one week (Rubin et al., 2006) to r =.93-.95 over four weeks (Bergman & Källmén, 2002; Dybek et al., 2006).”
BackgroundStrauss, S. M., & Rindskopf, D. M. (2009) · Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care · doi:10.1177/1545109709350509 · Cited by 15
“81 on the consumption factor of the AUDIT in a variety of populations.(29,30) In addition, there is a frequent association between heavy recent alcohol consumption and the development of alcohol-related adverse consequences,(31-33) and a large proportion of the total AUDIT score (90% in a population-based sample in Sw…”
BackgroundSuicidal expressions among the Swedish reindeer-herding Sami population
Kaiser, N., & Renberg, E. S. (2012) · DiVA at Umeå University (Umeå University) · Cited by 15
Rodrigues, A. P., de Oliveira, A. S., Zaleski, E. G. F., & Arantes, S. L. (2007) · SMAD Revista Eletrônica Saúde Mental Álcool e Drogas (Edição em Português) · doi:10.11606/issn.1806-6976.v3i1p01-10 · Cited by 15
Gervind, E., Salem, M. B., Svanborg, C., Nyström, M. E., Lilja, J. L., Kaldo, V., & Weineland, S. (2023) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2023.100698 · Cited by 14
The Effects of Missing Data When Surveying Alcohol Habits
Wennberg, P., Svensson, J., & Ramstedt, M. (2011) · Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.2478/v10199-011-0004-5 · Cited by 14
Kaiser, N. (2011) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 14
Swedish High School Students’ Drug and Alcohol Use Habits throughout 2020
Sfendla, A., Bador, K., Paganelli, M., & Kerekes, N. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192416928 · Cited by 15
Hofstedt, A., Mide, M., Arvidson, E., Ljung, S., Lindskog, A., Mattiasson, J., & Gordh, A. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1162492 · Cited by 14
“Levels of alcohol and drug use were measured with the AUDIT (54) and DUDIT (55).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialModifying alcohol consumption among high school students
Hallgren, M. Å., Sjölund, T., Källmén, H., & Andréasson, S. (2011) · Health Education · doi:10.1108/09654281111123493 · Cited by 13
“The psychometric properties of the AUDIT have been reported elsewhere (Bergman and Källmén, 2002).”
BackgroundMethodAdolescents with conduct disorder: does anxiety make a difference?
Hodgins, S., Barbareschi, G., & Larsson, A. (2011) · Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology · doi:10.1080/14789949.2011.617539 · Cited by 17
“The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) was validated on a Swedish population sample (Bergman & Kallmen, 2002 ) and consists of 10 items: eight items have five response alternatives from 0 to 4 and two items have three response options (0, 2, and 4).”
MethodCruce, G., & Öjehagen, A. (2007) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-7-31 · Cited by 13
“A recommended cut-off score, ≥ 6 for women and ≥ 8 for men indicates a hazardous or harmful alcohol use, as well as a possible dependence [13].”
BackgroundAlcohol Use Disorder Displays Trait-Related Reductions in Prosocial Decision Making
Jangard, S., Lindström, B., Khemiri, L., Pärnamets, P., Jayaram‐Lindström, N., & Olsson, A. (2022) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2022.05.002 · Cited by 14
The psychometric properties of the AUDIT: a survey from a random sample of elderly Swedish adults
Källmén, H., Wennberg, P., Ramstedt, M., & Hallgren, M. Å. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-672 · Cited by 12
“Acceptable reliability and validity has also been demonstrated on a population basis [8].”
BackgroundExploring the influences of country-level factors on mature-aged women’s drink driving attitudes
Watling, H., & Armstrong, K. A. (2015) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2015.02.001 · Cited by 12
Stability and change in alcohol habits of different socio-demographic subgroups - a cohort study
Sydén, L., Wennberg, P., Forsell, Y., & Romelsjö, A. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-525 · Cited by 12
“To detect hazardous consumption the cut-off points in AUDIT were set at 8 points for men and 6 points for women [25].”
MethodSundström, C., Petersen, E. M., Sinadinovic, K., Gustafsson, P., & Berman, A. H. (2019) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-019-0140-x · Cited by 12
The role of the working alliance in psychological treatment of substance use disorder outpatients
Gidhagen, Y., Holmqvist, R., Philips, B., & Falkenström, F. (2020) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2020.1807639 · Cited by 12
Moods and expectancies of female alcohol drinking - an exploratory study
Birath, C. S., DeMarinis, V., & af Klinteberg, B. (2009) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2009.00737.x · Cited by 12
Eriksson, M., & Tinghög, P. (2016) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-152231 · Cited by 13
“8 points for men and 6 for women) [20], because too few of the participants met these criteria.”
BackgroundMiller, L. M., Mide, M., Arvidson, E., & Gordh, A. S. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1054236 · Cited by 14
“Further analysis of histograms showed that AUDIT, DUDIT, duration of problems, years from onset to problems, and NODS were severely skewed and, thus, violated assumptions for parametric statistics.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHofstedt, A., & Gordh, A. S. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1423785 · Cited by 11
Heggdal, D., Fosse, R., & Hammer, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00198 · Cited by 7
Nyrenius, J., Eberhard, J., Ghaziuddin, M., Gillberg, C., & Billstedt, E. (2023) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2023.13 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Bergman, H.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Bergman, H.
- Venue
- Alcohol and Alcoholism
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2002-05-01
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 245-251
- ISSN
- 0735-0414 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3502
- OpenAlex
- W1995146706
- Cited by
- 345
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 3.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Alcohol and Alcoholism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Karolinska Institutet
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, auditing, alcoholism, hazardous drinking, binge drinking, alcohol-related problems, psychometric validation, factor structure, test-retest reliability, gender differences, age differences, Swedish population, screening tool
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Alcohol Drinking, Analysis of Variance, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sweden, Alcohol-Related Disorders
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