FindPeaks 3.1: a tool for identifying areas of enrichment from massively parallel short-read sequencing technology
Open accessAbstract
Summary: Next-generation sequencing can provide insight into protein–DNA association events on a genome-wide scale, and is being applied in an increasing number of applications in genomics and meta-genomics research. However, few software applications are available for interpreting these experiments. We present here an efficient application for use with chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP-Seq) experimental data that includes novel functionality for identifying areas of gene enrichment and transcription factor binding site locations, as well as for estimating DNA fragment size distributions in enriched areas. The FindPeaks application can generate UCSC compatible custom ‘WIG’ track files from aligned-read files for short-read sequencing technology. The software application can be executed on any platform capable of running a Java Runtime Environment. Memory requirements are proportional to the number of sequencing reads analyzed; typically 4 GB permits processing of up to 40 million reads. Availability: The FindPeaks 3.1 package and manual, containing algorithm descriptions, usage instructions and examples, are available at http://www.bcgsc.ca/platform/bioinfo/software/findpeaks Source files for FindPeaks 3.1 are available for academic use. Contact: afejes@bcgsc.ca
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ChIP-seq data sets were limited by applying thresholds defined by an FDR cutoff of 0.01 and by trimming at 20% of maximal height to remove flanks and separate composite regions.
“The data sets were limited by applying thresholds as defined by an FDR cutoff of 0.01 and by trimming at 20% of maximal height to remove flanks and separate composite regions (Fejes et al., 2008).”
From Hippo Signaling Influences HNF4A and FOXA2 Enhancer Switching during Hepatocyte Differentiation (2014) · cites this paper as Fejes et al., 2008
The Summary (p. 1729–1730) describes FindPeaks as a tool for identifying enriched regions in ChIP-seq data, but does not specify the cited thresholds. Searches for an FDR cutoff of 0.01 and trimming at 20% of maximal height found no passage in our copy addressing those settings or their stated purpose. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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- Authors
- Fejes, A. P., Robertson, G., Bilenky, M., Varhol, R., Bainbridge, M., & Jones, S. J. M.
- Affiliations
- BC Cancer Agency (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Fejes, Anthony P.
- Jones, Steven J. M.
- Venue
- Bioinformatics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2008-07-03
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 15
- Pages
- 1729-1730
- ISSN
- 1367-4803 (ISSN-L)
- 1367-4811
- PMC
- PMC2638869
- OpenAlex
- W2141222038
- Cited by
- 272
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 16.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Bioinformatics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Genome Canada
- Michael Smith Health Research BC
- Genome British Columbia
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Keywords
- ChIP-seq, peak calling, gene enrichment, transcription factor binding sites, DNA fragment size distribution, short-read sequencing, protein-DNA interactions, UCSC Genome Browser
- MeSH terms
- Algorithms, Binding Sites, Chromosome Mapping, Pattern Recognition, Automated, Software, Transcription Factors, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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