The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An event-related potential study of recognition memory with and without retrieval of source
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during the test phase of a recognition memory task in two experiments. In both experiments subjects made initial old/new judgements to visually presented words, and for words judged old, indicated in which of two voices (male/female) the words had been heard at study. In the second experiment only subjects had the option to signal that they were uncertain about the status of a test word. Two positive-going ERP effects differentiated the ERPs evoked by correctly recognized old words from those evoked by words correctly judged new. The two effects differed in their scalp topography and time course, and were both of greater magnitude in the ERPs evoked by recognized words for which a correct voice judgement was made. The findings are consistent with the view that multiple neural systems underlie the ability to recognize an item and to recall its study context. However, the findings offer little support for the view, articulated in certain 'dual-process' models of recognition memory, that recognition judgements with and without retrieval of study context depend upon qualitatively different memory processes or systems.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(1967) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,532
The ten-twenty electrode system of the international federation
Jasper, H. H. (1958) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology · Cited by 6,567
McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., & O'Reilly, R. C. (1995) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.102.3.419 · Cited by 5,256
Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: Applications to dementia and amnesia.
Snodgrass, J. G., & Corwin, J. (1988) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037//0096-3445.117.1.34 · Cited by 3,089
On the relationship between autobiographical memory and perceptual learning.
Jacoby, L. L., & Dallas, M. (1981) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037//0096-3445.110.3.306 · Cited by 2,553
McCarthy, G., & Wood, C. C. (1985) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials Section · doi:10.1016/0168-5597(85)90015-2 · Cited by 1,756
Declarative and Nondeclarative Memory: Multiple Brain Systems Supporting Learning and Memory
Squire, L. R. (1992) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.1992.4.3.232 · Cited by 1,282 · cited 1×
“By this argument (Moscovitch, 1992, 1994; Squire, 1994), recollection and familiarity both depend upon the successful retrieval from declarative memory of information about an item's prior occurrence.”
BackgroundReceiver-operating characteristics in recognition memory: Evidence for a dual-process model.
Yonelinas, A. P. (1994) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037//0278-7393.20.6.1341 · Cited by 1,151
The Structure and Organization of Memory
Squire, L. R., Knowlton, B., & Musen, G. (1993) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.44.020193.002321 · Cited by 1,123
Richardson-Klavehn, A., & Bjork, R. A. (1988) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.39.020188.002355 · Cited by 983
Cited by
The Nature of Recollection and Familiarity: A Review of 30 Years of Research
Yonelinas, A. P. (2002) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1006/jmla.2002.2864 · Cited by 3,840
Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic axis
Aggleton, J. P., & Brown, M. W. (1999) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x99002034 · Cited by 1,879
THE COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF CONSTRUCTIVE MEMORY
Schacter, D. L., Norman, K. A., & Koutstaal, W. (1998) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.49.1.289 · Cited by 827
Henson, R. N. A., Rugg, M. D., Shallice, T., Josephs, O., & Dolan, R. J. (1999) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-10-03962.1999 · Cited by 835
Self-citationDistinct prefrontal cortex activity associated with item memory and source memory for visual shapes
Slotnick, S. D., Moo, L. R., Segal, J. B., & Hart, J. (2003) · Cognitive Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0926-6410(03)00082-x · Cited by 654
Metadata
- Authors
- Wilding, E. L., & Rugg, M. D.
- Venue
- Brain
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1996
- Volume
- 119
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 889-905
- ISSN
- 0006-8950 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2156
- OpenAlex
- W1998935411
- Cited by
- 579
- References
- 44
- FWCI
- 12.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An event-related potential study of recognition memory with and without retrieval of source. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/brain/119.3.889
- The paper
- Wilding, E. L., & Rugg, M. D. (1996). An event-related potential study of recognition memory with and without retrieval of source. Brain. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/119.3.889
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.