Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 322

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: the challenge ahead

Open access
Goodson, William H., Lowe, Leroy, Carpenter, David O., Gilbertson, Michael, Manaf Ali, Abdul, Lopez de Cerain Salsamendi, Adela, Lasfar, Ahmed, Carnero, Amancio, Azqueta, Amaya, Amedei, Amedeo, Charles, Amelia K., Collins, Andrew R., Ward, Andrew, Salzberg, Anna C., Colacci, Anna Maria, Olsen, Ann-Karin, Berg, Arthur, Barclay, Barry J., Zhou, Binhua P., Blanco-Aparicio, Carmen, Baglole, Carolyn J., Dong, Chenfang, Mondello, Chiara, Hsu, Chia-Wen, Naus, Christian C., Yedjou, Clement, Curran, Colleen S., Laird, Dale W., Koch, Daniel C., Carlin, Danielle J., Felsher, Dean W., Roy, Debasish, Brown, Dustin G., Ratovitski, Edward, Ryan, Elizabeth P., Corsini, Emanuela, Rojas, Emilio, Moon, Eun-Yi, Laconi, Ezio, Marongiu, Fabio, Al-Mulla, Fahd, Chiaradonna, Ferdinando, Darroudi, Firouz, Martin, Francis L., Van Schooten, Frederik J., Goldberg, Gary S., Wagemaker, Gerard, Nangami, Gladys N., Calaf, Gloria M., Williams, Graeme P., Wolf, Gregory T., Koppen, Gudrun, Brunborg, Gunnar, Lyerly, H. Kim, Krishnan, Harini, Ab Hamid, Hasiah, Yasaei, Hemad, Sone, Hideko, Kondoh, Hiroshi, Salem, Hosni K., Hsu, Hsue-Yin, Park, Hyun Ho, Koturbash, Igor, Miousse, Isabelle R., Scovassi, A.Ivana, Klaunig, James E., Vondráček, Jan, Raju, Jayadev, Roman, Jesse, Wise, John Pierce, Whitfield, Jonathan R., Woodrick, Jordan, Christopher, Joseph A., Ochieng, Josiah, Martinez-Leal, Juan Fernando, Weisz, Judith, Kravchenko, Julia, Sun, Jun, Prudhomme, Kalan R., Narayanan, Kannan Badri, Cohen-Solal, Karine A., Moorwood, Kim, Gonzalez, Laetitia, Soucek, Laura, Jian, Le, D’Abronzo, Leandro S., Lin, Liang-Tzung, Li, Lin, Gulliver, Linda, McCawley, Lisa J., Memeo, Lorenzo, Vermeulen, Louis, Leyns, Luc, Zhang, Luoping, Valverde, Mahara, Khatami, Mahin, Romano, Maria Fiammetta, Chapellier, Marion, Williams, Marc A., Wade, Mark, Manjili, Masoud H., Lleonart, Matilde E., Xia, Menghang, Gonzalez Guzman, Michael J., Karamouzis, Michalis V., Kirsch-Volders, Micheline, Vaccari, Monica, Kuemmerle, Nancy B., Singh, Neetu, Cruickshanks, Nichola, Kleinstreuer, Nicole, van Larebeke, Nik, Ahmed, Nuzhat, Ogunkua, Olugbemiga, Krishnakumar, P.K., Vadgama, Pankaj, Marignani, Paola A., Ghosh, Paramita M., Ostrosky-Wegman, Patricia, Thompson, Patricia A., Dent, Paul, Heneberg, Petr, Darbre, Philippa, Leung, Po Sing, Nangia-Makker, Pratima, Cheng, Qiang (Shawn), Robey, R.Brooks, Al-Temaimi, Rabeah, Roy, Rabindra, Andrade-Vieira, Rafaela, Sinha, Ranjeet K., Mehta, Rekha, Vento, Renza, Di Fiore, Riccardo, Ponce-Cusi, Richard, Dornetshuber-Fleiss, Rita, Nahta, Rita, Castellino, Robert C., Palorini, Roberta, Hamid, Roslida A., Langie, Sabine A.S., Eltom, Sakina E., Brooks, Samira A., Ryeom, Sandra, Wise, Sandra S., Bay, Sarah N., Harris, Shelley A., Papagerakis, Silvana, Romano, Simona, Pavanello, Sofia, Eriksson, Staffan, Forte, Stefano, Casey, Stephanie C., Luanpitpong, Sudjit, Lee, Tae-Jin, Otsuki, Takemi, Chen, Tao, Massfelder, Thierry, Sanderson, Thomas, Guarnieri, Tiziana, Hultman, Tove, Dormoy, Valérian, Odero-Marah, Valerie, Sabbisetti, Venkata, Maguer-Satta, Veronique, Rathmell, W.Kimryn, Engström, Wilhelm, Decker, William K., Bisson, William H., Rojanasakul, Yon, Luqmani, Yunus, Chen, Zhenbang, Hu, Zhiwei·2015·Carcinogenesis
DOI 10.1093/carcin/bgv039
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Lifestyle factors are responsible for a considerable portion of cancer incidence worldwide, but credible estimates from the World Health Organization and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) suggest that the fraction of cancers attributable to toxic environmental exposures is between 7% and 19%. To explore the hypothesis that low-dose exposures to mixtures of chemicals in the environment may be combining to contribute to environmental carcinogenesis, we reviewed 11 hallmark phenotypes of cancer, multiple priority target sites for disruption in each area and prototypical chemical disruptors for all targets, this included dose-response characterizations, evidence of low-dose effects and cross-hallmark effects for all targets and chemicals. In total, 85 examples of chemicals were reviewed for actions on key pathways/mechanisms related to carcinogenesis. Only 15% (13/85) were found to have evidence of a dose-response threshold, whereas 59% (50/85) exerted low-dose effects. No dose-response information was found for the remaining 26% (22/85). Our analysis suggests that the cumulative effects of individual (non-carcinogenic) chemicals acting on different pathways, and a variety of related systems, organs, tissues and cells could plausibly conspire to produce carcinogenic synergies. Additional basic research on carcinogenesis and research focused on low-dose effects of chemical mixtures needs to be rigorously pursued before the merits of this hypothesis can be further advanced. However, the structure of the World Health Organization International Programme on Chemical Safety 'Mode of Action' framework should be revisited as it has inherent weaknesses that are not fully aligned with our current understanding of cancer biology.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/carcin/bgv039

Cites

28 of 28 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 28 references

Cited by

See all 322

Metadata

Authors
Goodson, W. H., Lowe, L., Carpenter, D. O., Gilbertson, M., Manaf Ali, A., Lopez de Cerain Salsamendi, A., Lasfar, A., Carnero, A., Azqueta, A., Amedei, A., Charles, A. K., Collins, A. R., Ward, A., Salzberg, A. C., Colacci, A. M., Olsen, A.-K., Berg, A., Barclay, B. J., Zhou, B. P., Blanco-Aparicio, C., Baglole, C. J., Dong, C., Mondello, C., Hsu, C.-W., Naus, C. C., Yedjou, C., Curran, C. S., Laird, D. W., Koch, D. C., Carlin, D. J., Felsher, D. W., Roy, D., Brown, D. G., Ratovitski, E., Ryan, E. P., Corsini, E., Rojas, E., Moon, E.-Y., Laconi, E., Marongiu, F., Al-Mulla, F., Chiaradonna, F., Darroudi, F., Martin, F. L., Van Schooten, F. J., Goldberg, G. S., Wagemaker, G., Nangami, G. N., Calaf, G. M., Williams, G. P., Wolf, G. T., Koppen, G., Brunborg, G., Lyerly, H. K., Krishnan, H., Ab Hamid, H., Yasaei, H., Sone, H., Kondoh, H., Salem, H. K., Hsu, H.-Y., Park, H. H., Koturbash, I., Miousse, I. R., Scovassi, A. I., Klaunig, J. E., Vondráček, J., Raju, J., Roman, J., Wise, J. P., Whitfield, J. R., Woodrick, J., Christopher, J. A., Ochieng, J., Martinez-Leal, J. F., Weisz, J., Kravchenko, J., Sun, J., Prudhomme, K. R., Narayanan, K. B., Cohen-Solal, K. A., Moorwood, K., Gonzalez, L., Soucek, L., Jian, L., D’Abronzo, L. S., Lin, L.-T., Li, L., Gulliver, L., McCawley, L. J., Memeo, L., Vermeulen, L., Leyns, L., Zhang, L., Valverde, M., Khatami, M., Romano, M. F., Chapellier, M., Williams, M. A., Wade, M., Manjili, M. H., Lleonart, M. E., Xia, M., Gonzalez Guzman, M. J., Karamouzis, M. V., Kirsch-Volders, M., Vaccari, M., Kuemmerle, N. B., Singh, N., Cruickshanks, N., Kleinstreuer, N., van Larebeke, N., Ahmed, N., Ogunkua, O., Krishnakumar, P. K., Vadgama, P., Marignani, P. A., Ghosh, P. M., Ostrosky-Wegman, P., Thompson, P. A., Dent, P., Heneberg, P., Darbre, P., Leung, P. S., Nangia-Makker, P., Cheng, Q. (., Robey, R. B., Al-Temaimi, R., Roy, R., Andrade-Vieira, R., Sinha, R. K., Mehta, R., Vento, R., Di Fiore, R., Ponce-Cusi, R., Dornetshuber-Fleiss, R., Nahta, R., Castellino, R. C., Palorini, R., Hamid, R. A., Langie, S. A. S., Eltom, S. E., Brooks, S. A., Ryeom, S., Wise, S. S., Bay, S. N., Harris, S. A., Papagerakis, S., Romano, S., Pavanello, S., Eriksson, S., Forte, S., Casey, S. C., Luanpitpong, S., Lee, T.-J., Otsuki, T., Chen, T., Massfelder, T., Sanderson, T., Guarnieri, T., Hultman, T., Dormoy, V., Odero-Marah, V., Sabbisetti, V., Maguer-Satta, V., Rathmell, W. K., Engström, W., Decker, W. K., Bisson, W. H., Rojanasakul, Y., Luqmani, Y., Chen, Z., & Hu, Z.
Venue
Carcinogenesis
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2015-06
Volume
36
Issue
Suppl 1
Pages
S254-S296
ISSN
  • 0143-3334 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2180
DOI
10.1093/carcin/bgv039
OpenAlex
W2412214305
Cited by
322
References
28
FWCI
10.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: the challenge ahead. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1093/carcin/bgv039
The paper
Goodson, W. H., Lowe, L., Carpenter, D. O., Gilbertson, M., Manaf Ali, A., Lopez de Cerain Salsamendi, A., Lasfar, A., Carnero, A., Azqueta, A., Amedei, A., Charles, A. K., Collins, A. R., Ward, A., Salzberg, A. C., Colacci, A. M., Olsen, A.-K., Berg, A., Barclay, B. J., Zhou, B. P., . . . Hu, Z. (2015). Assessing the carcinogenic potential of low-dose exposures to chemical mixtures in the environment: the challenge ahead. Carcinogenesis. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgv039

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.