The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Medial Prefrontal Activity Predicts Memory for Self
Abstract
The ability to remember the past depends on cognitive operations that are recruited when information is initially encountered. In the current experiment, we investigated neural processes that subserve the memorability of a fundamental class of social information: self-knowledge. Participants evaluated the extent to which a series of personality characteristics were self-descriptive. Brain activation was measured using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and contrasted based on: (i) whether each word was later remembered or forgotten; and (ii) whether or not each item was judged to be self-relevant. Results revealed that activity in medial prefrontal cortex predicted both subsequent memory performance and judgements of self-relevance. These findings extend current understanding of the nature and functioning of human memory.
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“Critically, this vMPFC region also has been observed repeatedly during tasks that require participants to introspect about their own mental experiences (15-18)”
From Repetition suppression of ventromedial prefrontal activity during judgments of self and others (2008) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“Consistent with earlier studies (15-18), a single region was obtained from the random effects contrast of self > other trials located in vMPFC (Fig. 1).”
From Repetition suppression of ventromedial prefrontal activity during judgments of self and others (2008) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“Using two different sets of contrasts, we identified ROIs in vMPFC that, consistent with earlier studies of self-reference (15-18), responded preferentially during trials that required introspection about one's own mental characteristics.”
From Repetition suppression of ventromedial prefrontal activity during judgments of self and others (2008) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“Macrae et al. [2004] found remembered items induced activation in dmPFC, lateral prefrontal cortex, and bilateral hippocampus/parahippocampal gyrus when compared to forgotten items”
From Oxytocin blurs the self-other distinction during trait judgments and reduces medial prefrontal cortex responses: Oxytocin Blurs Self-Other Distinction (2016) · cites this paper as Macrae et al., 2004
In the citing paper
“while the self-descriptive versus nonselfdescriptive contrast revealed activation in the dmPFC during the retrieval of visually presented self-and nonselfrelated adjectives describing personality traits [Macrae et al., 2004].”
From Oxytocin blurs the self-other distinction during trait judgments and reduces medial prefrontal cortex responses: Oxytocin Blurs Self-Other Distinction (2016) · cites this paper as Macrae et al., 2004
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Involvement of the Intrinsic/Default System in Movement-Related Self Recognition
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“other [27], retrieval of personality trait adjectives [40], evaluation of personality traits as self descriptive [41], first-person perspective taking [24], introspection [8], voluntary decision [42], and facial self recognition [19,36].”
BackgroundThe neural correlates of positive self-evaluation and self-related memory
Pauly, K. D., Finkelmeyer, A. E., Schneider, F. W., & Habel, U. (2012) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nss086 · Cited by 30
“The episodic retrieval of previously self-referred items was associated with activity in the mPFC (Lou et al., 2004; Macrae et al., 2004; Kim and Johnson, 2012) and the posterior cingulate gyrus.”
BackgroundAsymmetric Predictability and Cognitive Competition in Football Penalty Shootouts
Misirlisoy, E., & Haggard, P. (2014) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.07.013 · Cited by 35
Directed Forgetting of Negative Self-Referential Information Is Difficult: An fMRI Study
Yang, W., Liu, P., Cui, Q., Wei, D., Li, W., Qiu, J., & Zhang, Q. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075190 · Cited by 29
“Several researchers argued that SRE appears primarily because the self is a well-developed and often-used construct that promotes elaboration and organization of encoded information [30].”
ResultInfluentialRelations among EEG-alpha asymmetry and positivity personality trait
Alessandri, G., Caprara, G. V., & Pascalis, V. D. (2015) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2015.04.003 · Cited by 30
Encoding Social Interactions: The Neural Correlates of True and False Memories
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“This result suggests that the advantage afforded to self-knowledge memory appears to depend on the additional recruitment of the medial frontal cortex (Macrae et al., 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialBrain structural alterations in obese children with and without P rader‐ W illi Syndrome
Xu, M., Zhang, Y., von Deneen, K. M., Zhu, H., & Gao, J. (2017) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.23660 · Cited by 29
“The MPFC is implicated in motivational processing and is involved in the processing of self-referent information [Macrae et al., 2004; Moran et al., 2006].”
BackgroundNeural Correlates of Self and Its Interaction With Memory in Healthy Adolescents
Dégeilh, F., Guillery‐Girard, B., Dayan, J., Gaubert, M., Chételat, G., Egler, P., Baleyte, J., Eustache, F., & Viard, A. (2015) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12440 · Cited by 29
“Neuroimaging studies examining the self-reference effect in adults consistently showed that mPFC activity predicts subsequent memory performances of self-referential items (Fossati et al., 2003; Gutchess et al., 2010; Macrae et al., 2004; Philippi et al., 2012; Zhu et al., 2012).”
BackgroundSearching for an integrated self-representation
Molnar-Szakacs, I., & Arzy, S. (2009) · Communicative & Integrative Biology · doi:10.4161/cib.2.4.8290 · Cited by 30
Janes, A. C., Ross, R. S., Farmer, S., Frederick, B. B., Nickerson, L. D., Lukas, S. E., & Stern, C. E. (2015) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/adb.12112 · Cited by 28
“While the network of cortical midline structures is collectively linked in self-referential processing, the mPFC specifically is implicated in the facilitation of selfreferential memory (Macrae et al. 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialBergström, Z. M., Vogelsang, D. A., Benoit, R., & Simons, J. (2014) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu063 · Cited by 26
“Furthermore, the level of activation in ventral mPFC predicts the magnitude of the later memory advantage for self-encoded items (Macrae et al. 2004; see also Leshikar and Duarte 2011).”
BackgroundA social neuroscience perspective on the neurobiological bases of aggression.
Denson, T. (2011) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.1037/12346-006 · Cited by 21
The relationship between autobiographical memory, cognition, and emotion in older adults: a review
Bahk, Y.-C., & Choi, K. (2017) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2017.1377681 · Cited by 28
The self-concept is represented in the medial prefrontal cortex in terms of self-importance
Levorsen, M., Aoki, R., Matsumoto, K., Sedikides, C., & Izuma, K. (2023) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2178-22.2023 · Cited by 35
Sleep strengthens predictive sequence coding
Lutz, N. D., Wolf, I., Hübner, S., Born, J., & Rauss, K. (2018) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1352-18.2018 · Cited by 27
“Actigraphic data have previously been demonstrated to show high sensitivity and high accuracy, but low specificity when compared with EEG-based polysomnography (i.e., they are good at scoring sleep as sleep but bad at scoring wake as wake) (Marino et al., 2013).”
ResultInfluence of culture and age on the self-reference effect
Zhang, W., Hung, I., Jackson, J., Tai, T.-L., Goh, J. O. S., & Gutchess, A. H. (2019) · Aging Neuropsychology and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13825585.2019.1620913 · Cited by 27
Present and future self in memory: the role of vmPFC in the self-reference effect
Stendardi, D., Biscotto, F., Bertossi, E., & Ciaramelli, E. (2021) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsab071 · Cited by 28
The neural correlates of implicit self-relevant processing in low self-esteem: An ERP study
Yang, J., Guan, L., Dedovic, K., Qi, M., & Zhang, Q. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.06.033 · Cited by 27
“33 Psychology, Southwest U Yang). of research reveals a remarkably consistent body of results showing that cortical midline structures are implicated in self-referential thought and self-reflection (Macrae et al., 2004; Northoff and Bermpohl, 2004).”
Perspective-Taking from a Social Neuroscience Standpoint
Mason, M. F., & Macrae, C. N. (2008) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430207088039 · Cited by 27
Zhu, L., Guo, X.-Y., Li, J., Zheng, L., Wang, Q., & Yang, Z. (2012) · Hippocampus · doi:10.1002/hipo.20994 · Cited by 27
“Besides, Macrae et al. (2004) study only adopted the self-reference task and did not test whether the descriptiveness effect on subsequent memory is limited to self-reference task, or, as congruency effect, can be broadly applied to other-reference task.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-Reference During Explicit Memory Retrieval
Magno, E., & Allan, K. (2007) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01957.x · Cited by 27
Marquine, M. J., Grilli, M. D., Rapcsak, S. Z., Kaszniak, A. W., Ryan, L., Walther, K., & Glisky, E. L. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.06.021 · Cited by 28
“Moreover, findings from functional neuroimaging (Leshikar and Duarte, 2014; Macrae et al., 2004; Zhu et al., 2012) and neuropsychological research (Philippi et al.”
BackgroundNeural oscillations dissociate between self-related attentional orientation versus evaluation
Mu, Y., & Han, S. (2012) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.11.016 · Cited by 26
“…to a celebrity (Fossati et al., 2003; Han et al., 2008; Heatherton et al., 2006; Kelley et al., 2002; Ma and Han, 2011; Ma et al., in press; Macrae et al., 2004; Moran et al., 2006; Zhu et al., 2007; Zysset et al., 2002), indicating that these brain regions are involved in self-reflection…”
Burden, C., Leach, R. C., Sklenar, A. M., Levy, P. U., Frankenstein, A. N., & Leshikar, E. D. (2021) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.2368 · Cited by 26
Kizilirmak, J. M., Soch, J., Schütze, H., Düzel, E., Feldhoff, H., Fischer, L., Knopf, L., Maaß, A., Raschick, M., Schult, A., et al. (2023) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.26299 · Cited by 23
Culture and the brain: Opportunities and obstacles
Zhou, H., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2010) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-839x.2010.01302.x · Cited by 27
The neural evidence for simulation is weaker than I think you think it is
Saxe, R. R. (2009) · Philosophical Studies · doi:10.1007/s11098-009-9353-2 · Cited by 26
“…shown that a region in MPFC is recruited for attributing personality traits to the self, and to well-known or similar others (Kelley et al. 2002; Macrae et al. 2004; Mitchell et al. 2005; Mitchell et al. The neural evidence for simulation is weaker than I think you think it is 453 2006; Jenkins…”
BackgroundIrrational Capitalism: The Social Map, Neoliberalism and the Demodernization of the West
Bone, J. (2010) · Critical Sociology · doi:10.1177/0896920510371387 · Cited by 25
“…cortex are actually engaged in the appraisal of others, depending on how far we view them as sharing our own beliefs and attitudes, while our responses towards them, as social psychologists have long been aware, are clearly shaped by this like me or unlike me classification (Macrae et al. 2004).”
BackgroundKensinger, E. A., & Kark, S. M. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119170174.epcn101 · Cited by 29
Yuan, B., Xie, C., Shu, H., Liao, W., Wang, Z., Liu, D., & Zhang, Z. (2016) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-160353 · Cited by 25
“OurfindingssuggestthattheaMCIpatients needtoutilizemorementalresourcesmonitoring one’sownoranother’smentalstateintheanterior DMN[85,86]tocompensatefortheimpairmentof episodicmemoryprocessingintheposteriorDMN.”
Zhou, H., Guo, J., Xiaomeng, M., Zhang, M., Liu, L., Feng, L., Yang, J., Wang, Z., Wang, G., & Zhong, N. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00451 · Cited by 28
“The medial prefrontal cortex is reportedly involved in self-representation (Macrae et al., 2004; Northoff and Bermpohl, 2004; Northoff et al., 2006; Moran et al., 2009; Rameson et al., 2010; Qin and Northoff, 2011).”
BackgroundNeural Representations of the Self and the Mother for Chinese Individuals
Wuyun, G., Shu, M., Cao, Z., Huang, W., Zou, X. G., Li, S., Zhang, X., Luo, H., & Wu, Y. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091556 · Cited by 26
“Consistent with previous studies [4,40,41], the ACC was found to be closely involved in self-specific stimuli.”
ResultAge-related neural differences in affiliation and isolation
Beadle, J. N., Yoon, C., & Gutchess, A. H. (2012) · Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3758/s13415-012-0085-y · Cited by 25
Intertwining personal and reward relevance: evidence from the drift-diffusion model
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The endowment effect can extend from self to mother: evidence from an fMRI study.
Feng, T.-Y., Zhao, W.-H., & Donnay, G. F. (2013) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.04.005 · Cited by 26
Wade, G. L., & Vickery, T. J. (2017) · Attention Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/s13414-017-1307-8 · Cited by 24
Specifying the role of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in memory formation
Brod, G., & Shing, Y. L. (2018) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.01.005 · Cited by 24
Maillet, D., & Rajah, M. N. (2011) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2011.08.071 · Cited by 22
Super-size me: self biases increase to larger stimuli
Sui, J., & Humphreys, G. W. (2014) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-014-0690-6 · Cited by 24
Early Memories of Individuals on the Autism Spectrum Assessed Using Online Self-Reports
Zamoscik, V., Mier, D. U., Schmidt, S. N. L., & Kirsch, P. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00079 · Cited by 24
“Self-referential thoughts are closely linked to activity in the medial prefrontal cortex [mPFC; (31)].”
BackgroundAssessment of attachment in psychosis: A psychometric cause for concern
Olbert, C. M., Penn, D. L., Reise, S. P., Horan, W. P., Kern, R. S., Lee, J., & Green, M. F. (2016) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.09.020 · Cited by 24
Neural correlates of reflection on actual versus ideal self-discrepancy
Shi, Z., Ma, Y., Wu, B., Wu, X., Wang, Y., & Han, S. (2015) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.077 · Cited by 25
“In addition, trait words rated high versus low in self-relevance increased MPFC activity (Moran et al., 2006) and MPFC activity correlated with memory performances on recall of self-related trait words (Macrae et al., 2004; Ma and Han 2011).”
Yang, J., Dedovic, K., Guan, L., Chen, Y., & Qi, M. (2014) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nst181 · Cited by 23
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Neural Signaling of Cortisol, Childhood Emotional Abuse, and Depression-Related Memory Bias
Abercrombie, H. C., Frost, C. P., Walsh, E. C., Hoks, R. M., Cornejo, M. D., Sampe, M., Gaffey, A. E., Plante, D. T., Ladd, C. O., & Birn, R. M. (2017) · Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.11.005 · Cited by 26
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Colton, G., Leshikar, E. D., & Gutchess, A. H. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00537 · Cited by 23
Clarkin, J. F., Levy, K. N., & Ellison, W. D. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118001868.ch23 · Cited by 23
The opportunity to choose enhances long-term episodic memory
Rotem-Turchinski, N., Ramaty, A., & Mendelsohn, A. (2018) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2018.1515317 · Cited by 22
Are you as important as me? Self-other discrimination within trait-adjective processing
Hudson, A., Wilson, M., Green, E. S., Itier, R. J., & Henderson, H. A. (2020) · Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105569 · Cited by 22
Acquired personality traits of autism following damage to the medial prefrontal cortex
Umeda, S., Mimura, M., & Kato, M. (2009) · Social Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/17470910902990584 · Cited by 23
That’s me in the spotlight: neural basis of individual differences in self-consciousness
de Caso, I., Poerio, G. L., Jefferies, E., & Smallwood, J. (2017) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsx076 · Cited by 21
“Task-based studies of selfreference often observe activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), as well as regions in the posterior cingulate cortex (Kelley et al., 2002, Macrae et al., 2004; Northoff et al., 2006), regions that collectively form what is known as the default mode network (DMN).”
BackgroundHo, N. S. P., Wang, X., Vatansever, D., Margulies, D. S., Bernhardt, B. C., Jefferies, E., & Smallwood, J. (2019) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116045 · Cited by 20
Self-Cognitions, Risk Factors for Alcohol Problems, and Drinking in Preadolescent Urban Youth
Corte, C., & Szalacha, L. (2010) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse · doi:10.1080/1067828x.2010.515882 · Cited by 25
“Self-schemas are complex and chronically accessible cognitive structures about the self that are stored in long-term memory (Lieberman, Jarcho, & Satpute, 2004 ; Macrae, Moran, Heatherton, Banfield, & Kelley, 2004 ).”
BackgroundNeurocognitive processes of the religious leader in Christians
Ge, J., Gu, X., Ji, M., & Han, S. (2009) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.20825 · Cited by 20
“…cortex (VMPFC) was exclusively involved in self-referential processing in a trait judgment task [Fossati et al., 2003; Kelley et al., 2002; Macrae et al., 2004; Moran et al., 2006] even when relative to trait judgment of a close other [e.g., the best friend, Heatherton et al., 2006], a…”
BackgroundDaley, R. T., Bowen, H. J., Fields, E. C., Parisi, K. R., Gutchess, A. H., & Kensinger, E. A. (2020) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsaa052 · Cited by 20
Larison, K. D. (2021) · Science & Education · doi:10.1007/s11191-021-00237-8 · Cited by 27
Self-referential processing and encoding in bicultural individuals
Huff, S. T., Yoon, C., Lee, F., Mandadi, A., & Gutchess, A. (2013) · Culture and Brain · doi:10.1007/s40167-013-0005-1 · Cited by 16
“…(vmPFC) (-8, 60, 4) were obtained from a separate self-reference paper (Gutchess et al. 2007) because while vmPFC often emerges as a region activated for subsequent memory (Macrae et al. 2004), it did not emerge in our lab's previous self-referencing subsequent memory study (Gutchess et al. 2010).”
Activation of Self-Knowledge Reduces Conflict During Occupational Choice: An ERP Study
Nakao, T., Takezawa, T., Shiraishi, M., & Miyatani, M. (2009) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/00207450802336790 · Cited by 18
Default Network and Aging: Beyond the Task-Negative Perspective
Maillet, D., & Schacter, D. L. (2016) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tics.2016.05.009 · Cited by 20
Shared neural representations of self and conjugal family members in Chinese brain
Han, S., Ma, Y., & Wang, G. (2016) · Culture and Brain · doi:10.1007/s40167-016-0036-5 · Cited by 20
“The previous research has shown that MPFC activity related to trait judgments of oneself is positively correlated with the recall for self-related trait words (Macrae et al. 2004; Ma and Han 2011) and damage to the MPFC eliminates self-related processing advantages (Philippi et al. 2012).”
BackgroundInfluentialZhang, Z., Zhang, D., Wang, Z., Li, J., Lin, Y., Chang, S., Huang, R., & Liu, M. (2018) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.02.033 · Cited by 20
Müller, N., Leske, S. L., Hartmann, T., Szebényi, S., & Weisz, N. (2014) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu117 · Cited by 17
“2013) and self-reflective judgments (Macrae et al. 2004).”
Human Behavior in Military Contexts
Gratch, J. S., Blascovich, J. J., Chemers, M. M., Hunt, E. B., Ilgen, D. R., Larsen, R. L., Mayer, R. E., O'Neil, J. H., McLaughlin, A. J., Patel, V. L., et al. (2008) · Cited by 20
Reduction of the self-reference effect in younger and older adults.
Jackson, J., Luu, C., Vigderman, A. S., Leshikar, E. D., Jacques, P. L. S., & Gutchess, A. H. (2018) · Psychology & Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/pne0000142 · Cited by 19
“…cortex, recruited for SRE, and medial temporal lobe and lateral prefrontal regions recruited for episodic memory (Craik et al., 1999; Genon et al., 2013; Gutchess et al., 2010, 2015; Kelley et al., 2002; Leshikar & Duarte, 2012; Macrae et al., 2004; Philippi et al., 2012; Rosa et al., 2014).”
Developmental Changes in Task‐Induced Brain Deactivation in Humans Revealed by a Motor Task
Morita, T., Asada, M., & Naito, E. (2019) · Developmental Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/dneu.22701 · Cited by 18
Bögge, L., COLÁS-BLANCO, I., & Piolino, P. (2022) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2022.791498 · Cited by 21
“On the other hand, the vmPFC, as part of the Self-Attention Network (SAN; Humphreys and Sui, 2016), has been firmly linked to self-reference processes (Kelley et al., 2002; Macrae et al., 2004; Northoff et al., 2006; Martinelli et al., 2013).”
MethodNeural correlates of believing
Han, X., Zhang, T., Wang, S., & Han, S. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.035 · Cited by 18
“The mPFC activity increased more strongly to highly self-descriptive trait words than less self-descriptive trait words (Macrae et al., 2004; Moran et al., 2006) and has been assumed to encode self-relevance of stimuli (Northoff et al., 2006; Han and Northoff, 2009).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe neural correlates of self-referential memory encoding and retrieval in schizophrenia
Jimenez, A. M., Lee, J., Wynn, J. K., & Green, M. F. (2017) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.12.004 · Cited by 19
“, social desirability judgments or judgments about a close or famous “other”) (Heatherton et al., 2006; Kelley et al., 2002; Macrae et al., 2004).”
The Neural Representation of Relational- and Collective-Self: Two Forms of Collectivism
Zheng, Y., Xiao, Z.-L., Wei, L.-Q., & Chen, H. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02624 · Cited by 19
HOW DO MEMORIES CONSTRUCT OUR PAST?
Williams, H. L., & Conway, M. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511626999.003 · Cited by 17
Science Perspectives on Psychological
Nolen–Hoeksema, S., Wisco, B. E., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2014) · Cited by 17
Dynamic Biculturalism: Socially Connected and Individuated Unique Selves in a Globalized World
Bender, M., & Ng, S. H. (2009) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9004.2009.00174.x · Cited by 17
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Cultural differences in neurocognitive mechanisms underlying believing
Gao, T., Han, X., Bang, D., & Han, S. (2022) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.118954 · Cited by 17
Inside and Outside: The Relation between Emotional States and Expressions
Lewis, M. (2011) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/1754073910387947 · Cited by 16
Involvement of cortical midline structures in the processing of autobiographical information
Araujo, H. F., Kaplan, J. T., Damasio, H., & Damasio, A. (2014) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.481 · Cited by 17
An extended concept of altered self: chronic fatigue and post-infection syndromes.
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“As mentioned above, anatomical areas associated with self processing have been identified using PET and fMRI imaging (Craik et al., 1999; Fossati et al., 2003; Macrae et al., 2004; Northoff et al., 2006), as have neural pathways associated with interoception as reviewed by Craig (2002).”
MethodOxytocin effects on self-referential processing: behavioral and neuroimaging evidence
Liu, Y., Wu, B., Wang, X., Li, W., Zhang, T., Wu, X., & Han, S. (2017) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsx116 · Cited by 15
“Besides the finding of increased MPFC activities during self-reflection of one’s own personality traits (Kelley et al., 2002; Macrae et al., 2004; Zhu et al., 2007; Ma and Han, 2011; Ma et al., 2014), the MPFC was also activated when perceiving a morphed face perceived as one’s own (vs others’) face (Ma and Han, 2012)…”
BackgroundResultInfluentialfMRI Repetition Suppression During Generalized Social Categorization
Lau, T., & Cikara, M. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04115-8 · Cited by 14
The neural correlates of incidental self-processing induced by handwritten negative words
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“Investigations subdividing participants’ responses further revealed that items judged to be self-relevant were associated with greater MPFC activity than items judged to be irrelevant to the self (Macrae et al. 2004; Moran et al. 2006, 2009; Zhu et al. 2012).”
BackgroundResultThe anterior insula channels prefrontal expectancy signals during affective processing
Teckentrup, V., van der Meer, J. N., Borchardt, V., Fan, Y., Neuser, M. P., Tempelmann, C., Herrmann, L., Walter, M., & Kroemer, N. B. (2019) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.041 · Cited by 15
Zeng, C., Ross, B., Xue, Z., Huang, X., Wu, G., Liu, Z., Tao, H., & Pu, W. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.634299 · Cited by 15
Altruistic People Show No Self-Reference Effect in Memory
Nakao, T., Tokunaga, S., Takamura, M., Nashiwa, H., HAYASHI, S., & Miyatani, M. (2012) · The Journal of General Psychology · doi:10.1080/00221309.2011.642027 · Cited by 15
“Furthermore, the activity in MPFC during self-reference predicts subsequent memory performance (Macrae, Moran, Heatherton, Banfield, & Kelley, 2004 ).”
BackgroundNeural correlates of the abolished self-referential memory effect in schizophrenia
Zhao, Y. D., Zhang, D., Tan, S., Song, C. S., Cui, J., Fan, F., Zhu, X., Zou, Y., & Luo, Y. (2013) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291713001177 · Cited by 15
“Furthermore, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in normal subjects have demonstrated that self-referential processing is associated with cortical midline structures, which are mainly composed of the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), anterior cingulated cortex and posterior cingulated cortex (Macrae et…”
BackgroundConsciousness of oneself and others in relation to mental disorders
Vogeley, K. T., & Newen, A. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511642197.035 · Cited by 14
Functional neuroimaging of autobiographical memory
Jacques, P. L. S. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139021937.010 · Cited by 16
Mortality salience enhances neural activities related to guilt and shame when recalling the past
Xu, Z., Zhu, R., Zhang, S., Zhang, S., Liang, Z., Mai, X., & Liu, C. (2022) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhac004 · Cited by 13
Koski, J. E., McHaney, J. R., Rigney, A. E., & Beer, J. S. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116752 · Cited by 12
Cross-Cultural Differences in Memory
Gutchess, A. H., & Huff, S. T. (2016) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199357376.013.11 · Cited by 13
Stampacchia, S., Pegg, S., Hallam, G., Smallwood, J., Ralph, M. A. L., Thompson, H. E., & Jefferies, E. (2019) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2019.04.014 · Cited by 14
The influence of self-construals on the ERP response to the rewards for self and friend
Zhu, X., Xu, M., Wang, H., Gu, R., & Jin, Z. (2019) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.09.017 · Cited by 12
Simulation-Based Mentalizing Generates a “proxy” Self-Reference Effect in Memory
Allan, K., Morson, S. M., Dixon, S., Martin, D. S., & Cunningham, S. J. (2016) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470218.2016.1209532 · Cited by 13
Memory for Emotional and Social Information in Adulthood and Old Age
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Evaluation of trait adjectives and ego pathology in schizophrenia: An N400 study
Metzler, S., Theodoridou, A., Aleksandrowicz, A., Müller, M., Obermann, C., Kawohl, W., & Heekeren, K. (2013) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2013.12.025 · Cited by 11
Metadata
- Authors
- Macrae, C. N.
- Affiliations
- Dartmouth College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Macrae, C. N.
- ORCID
- Macrae, C. N.
- Venue
- Cerebral Cortex
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-04-14
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 647-654
- ISSN
- 1047-3211 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2199
- OpenAlex
- W2096259174
- Cited by
- 581
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 13.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cerebral Cortex (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH66720, R21MH066720)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- medial prefrontal cortex, self-knowledge, self-relevance, personality traits, social memory, memory encoding, self-referential processing, event-related fMRI
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Ego, Evoked Potentials, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory, Self Concept, Statistics as Topic, Prefrontal Cortex
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