Cited by 954Mental Health Treatment and AccessSocial and Intergroup PsychologyPsychology and Mental Health

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Mental health stigma as social attribution: Implications for research methods and attitude change.

Corrigan, Patrick W.·2000·Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice

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Abstract

The course and outcomes of mental illness are hampered by stigma and discrimination. Research on controllability attributions has mapped the relationships between signaling events, mediating stigma, emotional reactions, and discriminating behavior. In this article, I describe how an attribution model advances research questions related to mental health stigma in three areas. (1) Stigma research needs to examine signaling events related to psychiatric stigma including the label of mental illness, behaviors associated with psychiatric symptoms, and physical appearance. (2) Research into mediating knowledge structures needs to bridge information about controllability attributions with public attitudes about dangerousness and self-care. (3) Ways in which these knowledge structures lead to emotional reactions (pity, anger, and fear) as well as behavioral responses (helping and punishing behaviors) need to be examined. The attribution model has significant implications for social change strategies that seek to decrease mental illness stigma and discrimination.

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BackgroundInfluential
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Background
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Background
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Background
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Result
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Background
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“Corrigan and colleagues (Corrigan, 2000; Corrigan et al., 2003) further studied the role of these causal attributions, particularly the fundamental attribution error or correspondence bias, in the genesis of stigma towards psychiatric patients, and how it leads to avoidance, segregation, coercion,…”
Background
How Direct-to-Consumer Drug Websites Convey Disease Information: Analysis of Stigma-Reducing Components
Kang, H., & An, S. (2013) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2013.798378 · Cited by 10
“Emphasizing onset controllability without offset controllability could lead people to perceive those with stigmatized illnesses as dangerous (Corrigan, 2000) and may also cause another type of stigma called “different species” by categorizing those with the stigmatized illnesses as the “other” group (Mehta & Farina, 1…”
Background
Who should be responsible for supporting individuals with mental health problems? A critical literature review
Pope, M. A., MALLA, A. K., & Iyer, S. N. (2018) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0020764017752019 · Cited by 10
“…the morality of caring and interpersonal responsibilities (Barrett et al., 2004; Janoff-Bulman & Leggatt, 2002; Keller et al., 1998; Miller, 1994), attitudes towards the welfare state (Blekesaune & Quadagno, 2003; Shirazi & Biel, 2005) and attributions of illness controllability (Corrigan, 2000).”
BackgroundInfluential
Impact of causal explanations for social anxiety disorder on stigma and treatment perceptions
Schofield, C. A., Abdul-Chani, M. M., & Gaudiano, B. A. (2019) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638237.2018.1487543 · Cited by 13
“Attribution theory posits that such a shift may have beneficial social consequences given that biological explanations for symptoms arguably conceptualize sufferers as blameless victims of biology, as opposed to blame-worthy agents in their symptoms (Corrigan, 2000).”
Background
Implementing a clozapine supply service in Australian community pharmacies: barriers and facilitators
Wilson, B., McMillan, S. S., & Wheeler, A. (2019) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice · doi:10.1186/s40545-019-0180-3 · Cited by 10
Erfarenheter av stigmatisering och diskriminering bland personer med psykisk sjukdom
Lundberg, B. (2010) · Lund University Publications (Lund University) · Cited by 10
Pilot evaluation of a brief training video aimed at reducing mental health stigma amongst emergency first responders (the ENHANcE II study)
Hazell, C. M., Fielding-Smith, S. F., Koç, Y., & Hayward, M. (2022) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.1080/09638237.2022.2069707 · Cited by 13
“This model of mental health stigma has been well-CONTACT evidenced, with studies showing robust relationships between the three constructs (e.g. Corrigan, 2000; Corrigan et al., 2003); and therein provides three potential targets for anti-stigma initiatives (i.e., increasing accurate knowledge,…”
The Impacts of Stigma on People with Disabilities: A Systematic Review
Cui, J. (2023) · BCP Social Sciences & Humanities · doi:10.54691/bcpssh.v21i.3433 · Cited by 9
“Misconceptions and generalizations about a stigmatized group inevitably lead to bias and discrimination in some form or another [10-11].”
Background
(De)Stigmatizing Depression on Social Media: The Role of Responsibility Frames
Schaller, S., Wiedicke, A., Reifegerste, D., & Temmann, L. J. (2023) · Journal of Health Communication · doi:10.1080/10810730.2023.2266702 · Cited by 9
“In particular, strengthening attributions to external factors, such as ones’ social network, could counteract the public stigmatization of the illness by increasing positive emotional (i.e., pity) and behavioral (i.e., more social acceptance) reactions (Corrigan, 2000).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Conceptualizing and Developing a Dynamic Stigma Theory
Gyamfi, S. (2024) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1080/01612840.2024.2367147 · Cited by 12
“Over the years, stigma researchers have developed diverse theoretical approaches, including Goffman (1963), Link (1987), Link & Phelan (2001), Corrigan (1998, 2000), and Major & O'Brien (2005), to address public stigma.”
Hotbed of stigmatization or source of support: A multimodal analysis of mental health-related videos on Douyin
Wu, P., Zou, S., Chen, C., & Song, Y. (2025) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2025.108716 · Cited by 10
Stakeholder perspectives of Community Mental Health Forums: a qualitative study in Sierra Leone
Adams, B., Vallières, F., Duncan, J., Higgins, A., & Eaton, J. (2020) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-020-00382-7 · Cited by 11
Refuting the Myth of the “Violent Schizophrenic”: Assessing an Educational Intervention to Reduce Schizophrenia Stigmatization Using Self-Report and an Implicit Association Test
Zvonkovic, A., & Lucas‐Thompson, R. G. (2015) · Social Work in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/15332985.2014.924463 · Cited by 10
“…to a movement that emphasizes the biological or brain causes of schizophrenia, which is based on the idea that if people view the disorder as being rooted outside of the individual’s control they will not blame or stigmatize him or her for being ill (Angermeyer & Matschinger, 2005; Corrigan, 2000).”
Background
The medicalization of Nonhuman Animal rights: frame contestation and the exploitation of disability
Wrenn, C. L., Clark, J., Judge, M., Gilchrist, K. A., Woodlock, D., Dotson, K., Spanos, R., & Wrenn, J. (2015) · Disability & Society · doi:10.1080/09687599.2015.1099518 · Cited by 9
“As a group, people with disabilities have experienced extreme social stigmatization and discrimination (Corrigan 2000).”
Background
Exploring the Relationship Between Illness Perceptions and Negative Emotions in Relatives of People With Schizophrenia Within the Context of an Affiliate Stigma Model
Huang, C.-H., Li, S.-M., & Shu, B. (2015) · Journal of Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/jnr.0000000000000124 · Cited by 9
“…as a set of subconcepts, including cognition (e.g., stereotypes), emotion (e.g., prejudicial affect), and behavior (e.g., discriminatory behavior) (Corrigan, 2000; Mak&Cheung, 2008) and ‘‘biased cultural structures that are endorsed by a sizable group about a discredited subgroup’’ (Mak & Cheung,…”
Background
A Behavioral Addiction Model of Revenge, Violence, and Gun Abuse
Kimmel, J., & Rowe, M. (2020) · The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics · doi:10.1177/1073110520979419 · Cited by 9
Implicit and Explicit Stigma Surrounding Bulimia and Depression in a College Population
Morse, E. (2013) · Digital Commons @ Connecticut College (Connecticut College) · Cited by 8
Political conservatism and social distancing from people living with HIV among Medical students: mediating roles of negative stereotypes and negative Intergroup emotions
Nemli, S. A., Ranjbar, H. A., & Turan, B. (2025) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-025-06768-w · Cited by 8
“Thus, in a sample of medical students, we examined a serial mediation model that has been proposed for other stigmatized conditions [59, 60]: Political conservatism → Negative Stereotypes about PLWH → Negative Intergroup Emotions toward PLWH → Social Distancing from PLWH.”
Rasch Analysis of the Indonesian Mental Health Screening Tools
Yusuf, S., Budiman, N., Yudha, E. S., Suryana, D., & Yusof, S. M. J. B. (2021) · The Open Psychology Journal · doi:10.2174/1874350102114010198 · Cited by 8
The development of positive attitudes toward mental health among university nursing students: Countering the role of social desirability
Palou, R. G., Prat, G., Torà, N., Romeu‐Labayen, M., & Tort‐Nasarre, G. (2021) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12976 · Cited by 8
Perceived stability of depressive symptomology and willingness to help relational partners: An attributional perspective
Muschetto, T., & Siegel, J. T. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-02708-9 · Cited by 8
“Perceived controllability and stability are highly relevant to understanding human motivation (Corrigan, 2000) and often are studied in interpersonal contexts.”
Background
ESTIGMA DE CORTESIA E CONDIÇÕES DE SAÚDE: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA
Maldonado, D., Ronzani, T. M., & Martins, L. F. (2023) · Psicologia em Estudo · doi:10.4025/psicolestud.v28i0.52111 · Cited by 8
“Diversos efeitos deletérios surgem como consequência desta segregação, fazendo com que pessoas estigmatizadas tenham dificuldade de acesso à moradia, ao emprego, à saúde, dentre outros direitos fundamentais (Corrigan, 2000; Mak & Cheung, 2008).”
Background
A survey study of Alzheimer’s stigma among Black adults: intersectionality of Black identity and biomarker diagnosis
Stites, S. D., Midgett, S., Largent, E. A., Harkins, K. A., Schumann, R., Sankar, P. L., & Krieger, A. Μ. (2024) · Ethnicity and Health · doi:10.1080/13557858.2024.2385110 · Cited by 8
“It measures AD stigma across a range of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral attributions consistent with Link and Phelan ’ s (2001) theory of stigma, modi ﬁ ed labeling theory (Link et al. 1989), and the social-cognitive model of stigma (W. Corrigan 2006; Corrigan 2007).”
Peut-on faire du journaliste un acteur de la prévention du suicide ?
Notredame, C.-É., Pauwels, N., Vaïva, G., Danel, T., & Walter, M. (2016) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2015.12.024 · Cited by 8
A hybrid intervention for challenging the stigma of mental illness
Coman, A., & Sas, C. (2016) · Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) · Cited by 8
Mental health campaigns and social representations theory: a consideration
Foster, J. (2018) · Apollo (University of Cambridge) · doi:10.17863/cam.28049 · Cited by 8
Stigma correlates in individuals with mental health conditions versus community members enrolled in a nationwide integrated arts‐based community rehabilitation program in Israel
Nitzan, A., & Orkibi, H. (2020) · Health & Social Care in the Community · doi:10.1111/hsc.12956 · Cited by 8
The Effect of Contact-Based Interventions on the Attitudes and Behaviors of Nursing Students towards People with Mental Illness: A Literature Review
Al‐Ma'ani, M., & Hamdan‐Mansour, A. M. (2020) · Open Journal of Nursing · doi:10.4236/ojn.2020.103018 · Cited by 8
“The stigma of mental illness is best defined as a construct of interrelated components of poor knowledge (stereotypes), negative attitudes (prejudice), and negative behaviors (discrimination) [4] [5] [6].”
Background
Verbal and Visual Framing of Responsibility for Type 1 Diabetes by Patient Influencers on Instagram
Wiedicke, A., Reifegerste, D., Temmann, L. J., & Scherr, S. (2022) · Social Media + Society · doi:10.1177/20563051221136114 · Cited by 9
“…on the public perception of health issues (Heley et al., 2020; McGlynn & McGlone, 2019), on recipient’s attributions of responsibility, emotions (Corrigan, 2000; Gollust et al., 2013; Starr & Oxlad, 2021) and their intentions for individual health behavior, interpersonal behavior, and societal…”
A survey on the prejudice and the stereotypes of mental illness in two communities with or without Psychiatric Residential Facilities
Veltro, F., Raimondo, A., Porzio, C., Nugnes, T., & Ciampone, V. (2005) · Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale · doi:10.1017/s1121189x00006424 · Cited by 8

Authors: Corrigan, P. W.
Affiliations: University of Chicago (US)
Corresponding author: Corrigan, Patrick W.
ORCID: Corrigan, Patrick W.
Venue: Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2000
Volume: 7
Issue: 1
Pages: 48-67
ISSN: 0969-5893 (ISSN-L)
1468-2850
DOI: 10.1093/clipsy.7.1.48
OpenAlex: W1981532063
Cited by: 954
References: 171
Citations by year: 2026: 28 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 76 · 2020: 69 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 65 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 31
FWCI: 22.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 5722 d)
Locations: Clinical Psychology Science and Practice (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
Keywords: mental health stigma, social attribution, attitude change, stigma reduction, discrimination against people with mental illness

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Mental health stigma as social attribution: Implications for research methods and attitude change.

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