Understanding excessive school absenteeism as school refusal behavior
Abstract
Understanding excessive absenteeism is important to ameliorating the negative outcomes associated with the behavior. The present study examined behavioral reinforcement profiles of school refusal behavior: negative reinforcement (avoidance) and positive reinforcement (gaining parental attention or receiving tangible benefits from not attending school). School social workers obtained information on school refusal behavior for 99 upper-elementary and middle school students referred for attendance problems. Three profiles were identified: 17.2 percent missed school to avoid fear- or anxiety-producing situations, escape from adverse social or evaluative situations, or gain positive tangible rewards (multiple profile); 60.6 percent missed school to gain parental attention or receive tangible rewards (positive reinforcement); and 22.2 percent had no profile. All three groups significantly differed in mean scores for behavioral difficulties, with children in the multiple profile group having the highest level of behavioral problems and children in the no profile group having the lowest. Children in the multiple profile group had higher mean scores on frequency of victimization and total number of traumatic or stressful events than did those in the other groups. Although more studies are needed, these findings suggest that school refusal behavior assessments may serve as a tool to better understand the phenomena of school attendance problems.
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Dube and Orpinas (2009) found no difference between excused and unexcused absences across various profiles of youth with school attendance problems.
“Dube and Orpinas (2009) similarly found no difference between excused and unexcused absences across various profiles of youth with school attendance problems.”
From Reconciling Contemporary Approaches to School Attendance and School Absenteeism: Toward Promotion and Nimble Response, Global Policy Review and Implementation, and Future Adaptability (Part 1) (2019) · cites this paper as Dube and Orpinas, 2009
Some youth who present with a SAP score very low on all four functional conditions.
“However, some youth who present with a SAP score very low on all four functional conditions (Dube & Orpinas, 2009), indicating that important factors associated with SAPs are not assessed via the SRAS.”
From Differentiation between school attendance problems: why and how? (2019) · cites this paper as Dube & Orpinas, 2009
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- Authors
- Dube, S. R., & Orpinas, P.
- Venue
- Children & Schools
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-04-01
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 87-95
- ISSN
- 0162-7961 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-8759
- 1545-682X
- OpenAlex
- W1994613564
- Cited by
- 115
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 15.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Children & Schools (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Youth Substance Use and School Attendance
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Keywords
- school refusal, school absenteeism, negative reinforcement, avoidance, positive reinforcement, parental attention, tangible rewards, school social work, behavioral problems, victimization, primary and secondary school students
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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