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Cited by 57Garlic and Onion StudiesBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesBotanical Studies and Applications

Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Propranolol with Garlic (Allium sativum) in Rats

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Asdaq, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin, Inamdar, Mohammed Naseeruddin·2011·Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
DOI 10.1093/ecam/neq076PMC PMC3137651
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Abstract

Garlic preparations and propranolol (PRO) are agents recognized as cardioprotective and potent antihypertensive agents when they are used individually. However, there is no report available to explain the role of combined therapy during simultaneous hypertension and myocardial damage in rats. We aimed to determine the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction of PRO with garlic homogenate (GH), in rats. The influence of garlic on pharmacokinetics of PRO was determined by HPLC method; while pharmacodynamic interaction was studied in animals with hypertension (10% fructose) and myocardial damage (isoproterenol, 175 mg kg−1, s.c. 2 days). PRO was given orally at 10 mg kg−1 for 1 week, whereas, GH was administered at three different doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg kg−1, p.o. in their respective groups during fourth to sixth week of high fructose (HF) period, once daily. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, creatine phosphokinase‐MB, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured and histopathological studies were carried out. The bioavailability and half life of PRO were significantly enhanced by 2‐ and 3‐fold, respectively, in animals pretreated with garlic (250 mg kg−1). Administration of PRO and low to moderate doses of GH (125, 250 mg kg−1), either alone or together showed fall in fluid intake and body weight. The combined therapy of GH 250 mg kg−1 and PRO was found to be most effective in reducing SBP, cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. These observations suggest that careful addition of garlic in moderate doses in PRO regimen might result in beneficial effect during treatment of hypertensive animals with myocardial damage.

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Crossref · 10.1093/ecam/neq076

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  • Garlic formulations consist of several organosulfur compounds, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), S-allyl-cysteine (SAC), and S-ally-mercapto cysteine (SAMC), which are derived from alliin.

    “Garlic formulations consist of several organosulfur compounds, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), S-allyl-cysteine (SAC) [33], and S-ally-mercapto cysteine (SAMC), which are derived from alliin [34].”

    From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [33]

  • Frequent garlic intake promotes internal antioxidant activities and reduces oxidative adverse effects either by increasing endogenous antioxidant synthesis or reducing the production of oxidizers such as oxygen-free radical species (ORS).

    “Asdaq and Inamdar [33] reported that the frequent garlic intake promotes internal antioxidant activities and reduces oxidative adverse effects either by increasing the endogenous antioxidant synthesis or reducing the production of oxidizers such as oxygen-free radical species (ORS).”

    From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [33]

  • Combination therapy of 250 mg/kg of garlic with propranolol revealed a remarkable elevation in antioxidant enzymes activities throughout ischemic injury.

    “While the combination therapy of 250 mg/kg of garlic with propranolol revealed a remarkable elevation in the antioxidant enzymes activities throughout ischemic injury [33].”

    From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [33]

  • Garlic homogenate is a good combination therapy as it reduces the dose and toxic side effects of propanol, which may assist in decreasing repeated higher doses of propanol.

    “They indicated that garlic homogenate is a good combination therapy as it reduces the dose and toxic side effects of propanol, which may assist in decreasing repeated higher doses of propanol.”

    From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [33]

  • The combined effect of garlic homogenate and propanol attenuates isopropanol-mediated cardiac β1-receptors excessive stimulation, myocardial hypoperfusion, electrolyte imbalance, glycogen depletion, free radical injury, thermogenesis, lipid peroxidation, lipid accumulation, and electrocardiographic disturbances.

    “Asdaq and Inamdar [33] reported the combined effect of garlic homogenate and propanol in attenuating the isopropanol-mediated cardiac β1-receptors excessive stimulation, myocardial hypoperfusion, electrolyte imbalance, glycogen depletion, free radical injury, thermogenesis, lipid peroxidation, lipid accumulation, and electrocardiographic disturbances.”

    From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [33]

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3 of the 58 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [48]Kodera Y Lanchance TP Dietry tolerance/absorption/metabolism of garlic Nutraceutical: Designer Food II Grade, Soy and Licorice 1997 Trumbell, Conn, USA Food and Nutrition Press 95 105

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Authors
Asdaq, S. M. B., & Inamdar, M. N.
Affiliations
Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy (IN)
Corresponding author
Asdaq, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin
ORCID
Asdaq, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin
Venue
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2011-01
Volume
2011
Issue
1
Pages
824042-824042
ISSN
  • 1741-427X (ISSN-L)
  • 1741-4288
DOI
10.1093/ecam/neq076
PMC
PMC3137651
OpenAlex
W1986765851
Cited by
57
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
FWCI
2.31
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Garlic and Onion Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Botanical Studies and Applications
Keywords
propranolol, garlic, drug interactions, pharmacokinetic interactions, pharmacodynamic interactions, hypertension, myocardial injury, isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity, high-fructose diet, blood pressure, lipid profile, antioxidant enzymes, bioavailability, half-life, cardioprotection

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