Prevalence, incidence, morbidity and treatment patterns in a cohort of patients diagnosed with anxiety in UK primary care
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are common and can cause substantial quality of life impairment. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of anxiety in UK primary care. Treatment patterns and factors associated with an anxiety diagnosis were also assessed. METHODS: The Health Improvement Network was used to identify all patients aged 10-79 years with a new diagnosis of anxiety in 2002-04 (n = 40 873) and age-, sex- and calendar-year-matched controls (n = 50 000). A nested case-control analysis was used to quantify potential risk factors for anxiety by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: The prevalence of anxiety was 7.2% and the incidence was 9.7 per 1000 person-years. Incidence and prevalence were highest in women and young adults (20-29 years). Anxiety was associated with heavy alcohol use, smoking and addiction problems as well as stress, sleep and depression disorders. Anxiety patients used health care services more frequently than controls. Among patients diagnosed with anxiety, 63% were treated pharmacologically. Antidepressants accounted for almost 80% of prescriptions. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence and incidence of anxiety are high in UK primary care and are almost twice as high in women than in men. Anxiety is associated with other psychiatric morbidity as well as frequent health care use. Antidepressants are the most commonly used pharmacological treatment.
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Anxiety and related disorders are among the most common mental disorders, with lifetime prevalence reportedly as high as 31%.
“Anxiety and related disorders are among the most common mental disorders, with lifetime prevalence reportedly as high as 31%.”
From Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
Anxiety disorders are under-diagnosed and under-treated.
“Unfortunately, anxiety disorders are under-diagnosed and under-treated.”
From Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
Women generally have higher prevalence rates for most anxiety disorders compared with men.
“Women generally have higher prevalence rates for most anxiety disorders, compared with men [4,5,9].”
From Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
About 40% of patients diagnosed with an anxiety and related disorder are untreated.
“Importantly, studies report that about 40% of patients diagnosed with anxiety and related disorder are untreated [5,7].”
From Canadian clinical practice guidelines for the management of anxiety, posttraumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [5]
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- Authors
- Martin-Merino, E., Ruigomez, A., Wallander, M.-A., Johansson, S., & Garcia-Rodriguez, L. A.
- Affiliations
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Venue
- Family Practice
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-11-01
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9-16
- ISSN
- 0263-2136 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2229
- OpenAlex
- W2128984524
- Cited by
- 109
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 6.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Family Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- anxiety disorders, prevalence, incidence, primary care, risk factors, alcohol consumption, smoking, depression, sleep disorders, health care utilization, antidepressants, pharmacotherapy, sex differences, young adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety, Child, Female, United Kingdom, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Primary Health Care, Cohort Studies, Incidence, Prevalence, Databases, Factual, Young Adult
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