Discerning the Origins of the Negritos, First Sundaland People: Deep Divergence and Archaic Admixture
Open accessAbstract
Human presence in Southeast Asia dates back to at least 40,000 years ago, when the current islands formed a continental shelf called Sundaland. In the Philippine Islands, Peninsular Malaysia, and Andaman Islands, there exist indigenous groups collectively called Negritos whose ancestry can be traced to the "First Sundaland People." To understand the relationship between these Negrito groups and their demographic histories, we generated genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data in the Philippine Negritos and compared them with existing data from other populations. Phylogenetic tree analyses show that Negritos are basal to other East and Southeast Asians, and that they diverged from West Eurasians at least 38,000 years ago. We also found relatively high traces of Denisovan admixture in the Philippine Negritos, but not in the Malaysian and Andamanese groups, suggesting independent introgression and/or parallel losses involving Denisovan introgressed regions. Shared genetic loci between all three Negrito groups could be related to skin pigmentation, height, facial morphology and malarial resistance. These results show the unique status of Negrito groups as descended from the First Sundaland People.
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The patterning of Denisovan ancestry across Island Southeast Asia is consistent with separate Denisovan introgression events in the Philippines and, potentially, in Flores.
“Indeed, the patterning of Denisovan ancestry across ISEA is consistent with separate Denisovan introgression events in the Philippines 19 and, potentially, in Flores 23,43 , the island homes of H. luzonensis and H. floresiensis , respectively.”
From Widespread Denisovan ancestry in Island Southeast Asia but no evidence of substantial super-archaic hominin admixture (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
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- Authors
- Jinam, T. A., Phipps, M. E., Aghakhanian, F., Majumder, P. P., Datar, F., Stoneking, M., Sawai, H., Nishida, N., Tokunaga, K., Kawamura, S., Omoto, K., & Saitou, N.
- Affiliations
- National Institute of Genetics (JP)
- Monash University Malaysia (MY)
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (IN)
- University of the Philippines Diliman (PH)
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (DE)
- The University of Tokyo (JP)
- National Center for Global Health and Medicine (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Saitou, Naruya
- ORCID
- Venue
- Genome Biology and Evolution
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-07-11
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 2013-2022
- ISSN
- 1759-6653 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5597900
- OpenAlex
- W2736217532
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Genome Biology and Evolution (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Unimas Institutional Repository (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak) (acceptedVersion)
- Monash University Research Portal (Monash University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (23247040)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Keywords
- Negritos, Denisovan admixture, Denisovan introgression, Sundaland, Andamanese, genetic divergence, archaic admixture, skin pigmentation, East Asian ancestry
- MeSH terms
- Genetics, Population, Humans, Malaysia, Philippines, Phylogeny, Genome, Human, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Asian People, Genome-Wide Association Study
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