The Effect of Genetic Factors for Longevity: A Comparison of Identical and Fraternal Twins in the Swedish Twin Registry
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The relative importance of genetic influences on longevity was studied on data from the population-based Swedish Twin Registry. METHODS: A sample of 3,656 identical and 6,849 like-sexed fraternal twin pairs was studied regarding mortality rates and within-pair similarity for age at death. Genetic and environmental contributions to variation in longevity, expressed by integrated mortality rates, were estimated from a subsample of 1,734 twin pairs reared together and 130 twin pairs reared apart from the cohorts born 1886 to 1900. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficients suggested that the genetic effect was small, and, for males, perhaps absent. Among pairs in which both twins died relatively young and among pairs in which both twins lived until very old age, the variance in age at death seemed to have no genetic component. Model fitting procedures based on twins reared apart and twins reared together indicated that most of the variance in longevity was explained by environmental factors. CONCLUSIONS: Over the total age range examined, a maximum of around one third of the variance in longevity is attributable to genetic factors, and almost all of the remaining variance is due to nonshared, individual specific environmental factors. The evidence that genetic factors play a minor role depending upon age at death merits further examination.
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Environmental exposures-including access to green spaces-play a dominant role in shaping aging trajectories.
“While genetic factors account for only 15–40% of lifespan variability [28,29,30,31,32], environmental exposures—including access to green spaces—play a dominant role in shaping aging trajectories.”
Genetic factors account for only 15-40% of lifespan variability.
“While genetic factors account for only 15–40% of lifespan variability [28,29,30,31,32], environmental exposures—including access to green spaces—play a dominant role in shaping aging trajectories.”
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- Authors
- Ljungquist, B., Berg, S., Lanke, J., McClearn, G. E., & Pedersen, N. L.
- Affiliations
- Jönköping University (SE)
- Lund University (SE)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Venue
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1998-11-01
- Volume
- 53A
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- M441-M446
- ISSN
- 1079-5006 (ISSN-L)
- 1758-535X
- OpenAlex
- W2171801044
- Cited by
- 241
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 4.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journals of Gerontology Series A (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (AG 08861)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
- Keywords
- longevity, genetic factors, heritability, monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, mortality, age at death, nonshared environment, twins reared apart, Swedish Twin Registry, intraclass correlation coefficient
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Environment, Female, Humans, Longevity, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Mortality, Registries, Sweden, Twins, Dizygotic, Twins, Monozygotic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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