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Effects of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Epigenetic Aging in Overweight and Obese African Americans With Suboptimal Vitamin D Status: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Chen, Li, Dong, Yanbin, Bhagatwala, Jigar, Raed, Anas, Huang, Ying, Zhu, Haidong·2019·The Journals of Gerontology: Series A
DOI 10.1093/gerona/gly223
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Abstract

Background: We have previously shown that vitamin D supplementation increases telomerase activity, suggesting an anti-aging effect. In this study, we aim to test the hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation would slow down epigenetic aging, a new marker of biological aging. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was previously conducted among 70 overweight/obese African Americans with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 50 nmol/L, who were randomly assigned into four groups of 600 IU/d, 2,000 IU/d, 4,000 IU/d of vitamin D3 supplements or placebo followed by 16-week interventions. Whole genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was conducted in 51 participants. DNA methylation ages were calculated according to the Horvath and the Hannum methods. Methylation-based age acceleration index (∆Age) is defined as the difference between DNA methylation age and chronological age in years. Mixed-effects models were used to evaluate the treatment effects. Results: Fifty-one participants (aged 26.1 ± 9.3 years, 16% are male) were included in the study. After the adjustment of multi-covariates, vitamin D3 supplementation of 4,000 IU/d was associated with 1.85 years decrease in Horvath epigenetic aging compared with placebo (p value = .046), and 2,000 IU/d was associated with 1.90 years decrease in Hannum epigenetic aging (p value = .044). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly associated with decreased Horvath ∆Age only (p values = .002), regardless of treatments. Conclusions: Our results suggest that vitamin D supplementation may slow down Horvath epigenetic aging. But the effect on Hannum epigenetic aging is not conclusive. Large-scale and longer duration clinical trials are needed to replicate the findings.

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  • The finding that CR modified DunedinPACE in a randomized controlled trial supports the geroscience hypothesis.

    “The finding that CR modified DunedinPACE in a randomized controlled trial supports the geroscience hypothesis, building on evidence from small and uncontrolled studies14–16 and contrasting with reports that biological aging may not be modifiable17.”

    From Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial (2023) · cites this paper as [15]

    The Discussion (page not available) reports that a randomized trial detected changes in DNA-methylation aging after vitamin D3 supplementation, supporting the broader idea that an intervention can modify a biological-aging measure. It does not report caloric restriction (CR) modifying DunedinPACE; the trial used vitamin D3 and measured epigenetic aging. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Research works printed but not linked: 45

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Chen, L., Dong, Y., Bhagatwala, J., Raed, A., Huang, Y., & Zhu, H.
Venue
The Journals of Gerontology: Series A
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2018-09-25
Volume
74
Issue
1
Pages
91-98
ISSN
  • 1079-5006
  • 1758-535X
DOI
10.1093/gerona/gly223
Cited by
106
References
6
Language
en
Licence
academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
Funders
  • American Heart Association (14GRNT20480211)
  • National Institutes of Health

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