Cited by 380Technology Use by Older AdultsAging and Gerontology ResearchGender and Technology in Education

Age Differences in Attitudes Toward Computers

Czaja, S. J., Sharit, J.·1998·The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences

Abstract

It is commonly believed that older adults hold more negative attitudes toward computer technology than younger people. This study examined age differences in attitudes toward computers as a function of experience with computers and computer task characteristics. A sample of 384 community-dwelling adults ranging in age from 20 to 75 years performed one of three real-world computer tasks (data entry, database inquiry, accounts balancing) for a 3-day period. A multidimensional computer attitude scale was used to assess attitudes toward computers pretask and posttask. Although there were no age differences in overall attitudes, there were age effects for the dimensions of comfort, efficacy, dehumanization, and control. In general, older people perceived less comfort, efficacy, and control over computers than did the other participants. The results also indicated that experience with computers resulted in more positive attitudes for all participants across most attitude dimensions. These effects were moderated by task and gender. Overall, the findings indicated that computer attitudes are modifiable for people of all age groups. However, the nature of computer experience has an impact on attitude change.

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  • Lack of motivation, experience, knowledge, access, understanding, and usability challenge the adoption of technologies by older people.

    “The lack of motivation, experience, knowledge, access, understanding, and usability also challenge the adoption of technologies [14].”

    From Design Guidelines of Mobile Apps for Older Adults: Systematic Review and Thematic Analysis (2023) · cites this paper as [14]

    The paper’s discussion of technology acceptance (section labeled Abstract; page unavailable) identifies awareness, experience, support, understandable introductions, and design suited to older users as relevant factors. It also links attitudes and perceived usefulness to willingness to use technology. It does not establish lack of access to the technologies themselves as a barrier; the access gap it describes concerns training opportunities. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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  • Older people (60-75 years) perceived less comfort, efficacy and control over computers relative to younger participants, however, direct experience with computers resulted in more positive attitudes.

    “An earlier study indicated that older people (60-75 years) perceived less comfort, efficacy and control over computers relative to younger participants, however, direct experience with computers resulted in more positive attitudes (Czaja and Sharit, 1998).”
  • Czaja and Sharit (1998) reported that women found computers more dehumanizing following task experience; however, women also experienced a greater sense of comfort following task experience compared with men.

    “Czaja and Sharit (1998) reported that women found computers more dehumanizing following task experience; however, women also experienced a greater sense of comfort following task experience compared with men.”

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Derogatis, L. R. (1977). SCL-90R (Rev. ed.) [Manual. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Clinical Pychometrics Unit.
  2. Edwards, R., & Engelhardt, K. G. (1989). Microprocessor-based innova- tions and older individuals: AARP survey results and their implications for service robotics. International Journal of Technology and Aging, 2, 56-76.
  3. Sharit, I , Czaja, S. J., Nair, S. N., Hoag, D. W., Leonard, D. C , & Dilsen, consumers. Journal of Retailing, 63, 49-68.

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Authors
Czaja, S. J., & Sharit, J.
Affiliations
University of Miami (US)
Corresponding author
Czaja, S. J.
Venue
The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
Published
1998-09-01
Volume
53B
Issue
5
Pages
P329-P340
ISSN
  • 1079-5014 (ISSN-L)
  • 1758-5368
OpenAlex
W2104988505
Cited by
380
References
26
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 24
FWCI
20.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journals of Gerontology Series B (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Miami
  • National Institutes of Health (5p50ag011748-05)
  • National Institute on Aging (AG11748-05)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Technology Use by Older Adults
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
  • Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Technology in Education
Keywords
age differences, attitudes toward computers, older adults, computer experience, dehumanization, perceived control, attitude change, gender differences, community-dwelling adults
MeSH terms
Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Attitude to Computers, Computer Literacy, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Stress, Physiological, Task Performance and Analysis, Workload

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