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The Effects of Bereavement on Eating Behaviors and Nutrient Intakes in Elderly Widowed Persons
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of recent widowhood on nutritional behaviors. Fifty recently widowed persons over the age of 60 and 50 married subjects of similar age were interviewed on eating behaviors, focusing on changes since widowhood or within 2 years for the married persons. Widowed subjects completed the Grief Resolution Index, and all subjects recorded dietary intake for 3 days. Data were analyzed using nutrient analysis, correlation coefficients, chi square analysis, and t-tests. The results indicate that widowhood changed the social environment of our subjects, altering the social meaning that eating held for them and producing negative effects on eating behaviors and nutrient intakes.
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“Numerous studies have found loss in old age to be associated with a range of negative health-related outcomes such as nutritional problems and sleep disturbances as well as higher use of health services and higher mortality (e.g., Hansson and Stroebe, 2007; Richardson et al., 2003; Rosenbloom and Whittington, 1993).”
From Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in adult bereavement: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2017) · cites this paper as Rosenbloom and Whittington, 1993
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“…found loss in old age to be associated with a range of negative health-related outcomes such as nutritional problems and sleep disturbances as well as higher use of health services and higher mortality (e.g., Hansson and Stroebe, 2007; Richardson et al., 2003; Rosenbloom and Whittington, 1993).”
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“Rosenbloom and Whittington (52) found that diet quality, appetite, and enjoyment of food were positively associated with grief resolution scores in recently widowed older adults.”
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“Only one published study dealt with this issue, using a case-control design (Rosenbloom & Whittington, 1993).”
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“….92 Worsened Okun et al. (2011) Yes .15, .65, .01, – Decreasedc Declined No difference Stable Patterson (1996), Patterson and Carpenter (1994) No – Decreasedc Increasedd Rosenbloom and Whittington (1993) Yes 1.75, 1.60 Worsened Decreased Schone and Weinick (1998) Yes .92,.73, .70 Decreasedc…”
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“Consistent with several qualitative studies of food behavior among older adults that have found reduced interest in cooking in widowhood (Johnson, 2002; Rosenbloom & Whittington, 1993; Shahar et al., 2001), the older women in this study significantly reduced their meal preparation activities.”
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A prospective study of early bereavement on psychological and behavioural cardiac risk factors
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Comparison of nutritional status in the elderly according to living situations
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“Investigations of recently widowed individuals suggest that widowed men and women report lower body weights and recent weight loss more often than their married counterparts (Rosenbloom et al., 1993; Shahar et al., 2001).”
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“…feelings including sadness of losing the future with their sibling and losing someone who had, in many cases, a similar growing-up experience (Rosenbloom & Whittington, 1993), shame and stigma surrounding the suicide, and guilt of wondering why they could not stop the suicide or what they…”
BackgroundCaserta, M. S., Lund, D. A., & Obray, S. J. (2004) · OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying · doi:10.2190/9bh0-n565-y40g-qdn9 · Cited by 24
“…did as a married couple, and become more accident prone because they pay less attention to their personal safety (Johnson, 2002; Powers & Wampold, 1994; Quandt, McDonald, Arcury, Bell, & Vitolins, 2000; Rosenbloom & Whittington, 1993; Schone & Weinick, 1998; Shahar, Schultz, Shahar, & Wing, 2001).”
BackgroundNutrition Concerns of Low-Income Elderly Women and Related Social Support
Pierce, M. B., Sheehan, N. W., & Ferris, A. M. (2002) · Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly · doi:10.1300/j052v21n03_05 · Cited by 24
“…since socioeconomic status, gender, cohort, and widowhood all influence both food patterns (Adminstration on Aging 1994; O’Hanlon et al. 1983; Rosenbloom and Whittington 1993) and social network systems (Antonucci and Akiyama 1995; Krause and Borawski-Clark 1995; Rosenbloom and Whittington 1993).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Unique Impact of Late-Life Bereavement and Prolonged Grief on Diurnal Cortisol
Holland, J. M., Rozalski, V., Thompson, K. L., Tiongson, R. J., Schatzberg, A. F., O'Hara, R. M., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. E. (2013) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbt051 · Cited by 26
What do we know about older former carers? Key issues and themes
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BackgroundFood Workshops, Nutrition Education, and Older Adults
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“Social and life events may change attitudes towards eating and food–older adults may be tired or bored with cooking, or not motivated to cook for one or two (Rosenbloom and Whittington, 1993).”
BackgroundBeyond food colouring: Lutein-food fortification to enhance health
Shi, H., Nolan, J. M., Flynn, R., & Prado‐Cabrero, A. (2024) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2024.104085 · Cited by 22
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“…accomplish such tasks for day-to-day functioning, and thus, we hypothesized, will likely experience even greater levels of distress upon widowhood (Carr, et al., 2000; Caserta & Lund, 2007; Caserta et al., 2004; Lund, Caserta, & Dimond, 1993; Rosenbloom & Whittington, 1993; Wells & Kendig, 1997).”
Pathfinders: A Self-Care and Health Education Program for Older Widows and Widowers
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BackgroundStahl, S. T., Emanuel, J. E., Albert, S. M., Dew, M. A., Schulz, R., Robbins-Welty, G. A., & Reynolds, C. F. (2017) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2017.09.002 · Cited by 19
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“Widowhood and living alone have been found to be associated with lower intakes and nutritional risk (Davis et al., 1990, Rosenbloom & Whittington, 1993; Quandt & Rao, 1999; Quandt & Chao, n.d.).”
BackgroundComparing the well-being of post-caregivers and noncaregivers
Rubio, D. M., Berg‐Weger, M., Tebb, S. S., et al. (2001) · American Journal of Alzheimer s Disease & Other Dementias® · doi:10.1177/153331750101600213 · Cited by 18
Marital Disruption and MortalityPreprint
Lillard, L. A., & Waite, L. J. (1996) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 18
The Age Gradient in Food Stamp Program Participation: Does Income Volatility Matter?
Gundersen, C., & Ziliak, J. P. (2008) · doi:10.17848/9781435684126.ch7 · Cited by 17
Fox‐Fuller, J. T., Choudhury, T. K., Lowe, D. A., Balsis, S. M., & Initiative, A. D. N. (2019) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbz032 · Cited by 17
Grief Responses of Senior and Elderly Widows: Practice Implications
Hegge, M., & Fischer, C. (2000) · Journal of Gerontological Nursing · doi:10.3928/0098-9134-20000201-12 · Cited by 16
Meal patterns and meal quality in patients with leg ulcers
Wissing, U., Lennernäs, M. A. ‐., Ek, A., & Unosson, M. (2000) · Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1046/j.1365-277x.2000.00207.x · Cited by 16
Wild, H., Baek, Y., Shah, S., Gašević, D., & Owen, A. J. (2022) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuac050 · Cited by 16
Yingwattanakul, P., & Moschis, G. P. (2019) · Health Marketing Quarterly · doi:10.1080/07359683.2019.1567005 · Cited by 14
“On the other hand, transition into the widowhood role has a negative effect on healthy eating behaviors and dietary intake (Rosenbloom & Whittington, 1993).”
BackgroundModerating Effects of Prior Social Resources on the Hospitalizations of Elders who Become Widowed
Feld, S., & George, L. K. (1994) · Journal of Aging and Health · doi:10.1177/089826439400600301 · Cited by 14
Biological mechanisms underlying widowhood's health consequences: Does diet play a role?
Fagundes, C. P., & Wu‐Chung, E. L. (2021) · Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100058 · Cited by 15
“In a larger study of 38,865 individual, those who were widowed or divorced, reported less vegetable consumption as measured with the Food Frequency Questionnaire [42].”
MethodInfluentialJürschik, P., Torres, J., Solá, R., et al. (2010) · Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly · doi:10.1080/01639366.2010.521043 · Cited by 13
“Rosenbloom and Whittington (30) reported lack of appetite as an important parameter associated with depression and weight loss in widowed older people.”
BackgroundHome-Delivered Meals: Characterization of Food Intake in Elderly Beneficiaries
Fleury, S., Wymelbeke-Delannoy, V. V., Lesourd, B., Tronchon, P., Maître, I., & Sulmont‐Rossé, C. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13062064 · Cited by 13
“, as a result of widowhood) [56,57], which has been associated with a decrease in calorie intake [58] and food variety [59].”
BackgroundSulmont‐Rossé, C. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14504-0_37 · Cited by 14
Food Choice in the Rural Dwelling Older Adult
Souter, S., & Keller, C. S. (2002) · Cited by 12
Hansson, R. O., Hayslip, B., & Stroebe, M. (2007) · doi:10.1002/9781118269640.ch14 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Rosenbloom, C. A., & Whittington, F. J.
- Affiliations
- Georgia State University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Gerontology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1993-07-01
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- S223-S229
- ISSN
- 0022-1422 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2085260930
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Gerontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Rural Development Administration
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- widowhood, bereavement, dietary habits, nutrient intake, dietary intake, older adults, grief, social environment
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Bereavement, Eating, Female, Humans, Male, Marriage, Middle Aged, Single Person
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