CHIP and Hsp70 regulate tau ubiquitination, degradation and aggregation
Abstract
Molecular chaperones, ubiquitin ligases and proteasome impairment have been implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, which are characterized by accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates (e.g. tau and alpha-synuclein respectively). Here we report that CHIP, an ubiquitin ligase that interacts directly with Hsp70/90, induces ubiquitination of the microtubule associated protein, tau. CHIP also increases tau aggregation. Consistent with this observation, diverse of tau lesions in human postmortem tissue were found to be immunopositive for CHIP. Conversely, induction of Hsp70 through treatment with either geldanamycin or heat shock factor 1 leads to a decrease in tau steady-state levels and a selective reduction in detergent insoluble tau. Furthermore, 30-month-old mice overexpressing inducible Hsp70 show a significant reduction in tau levels. Together these data demonstrate that the Hsp70/CHIP chaperone system plays an important role in the regulation of tau turnover and the selective elimination of abnormal tau species. Hsp70/CHIP may therefore play an important role in the pathogenesis of tauopathies and also represents a potential therapeutic target.
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Induction of Hsp70 by geldanamycin promotes tau degradation both in vitro and in vivo, whereas deletion of CHIP increases the accumulation of phosphorylated tau and caspase-3 cleaved tau.
“Induction of Hsp70 by geldanamycin promotes tau degradation both in vitro and in vivo, whereas deletion of CHIP increases the accumulation of phosphorylated tau and caspase-3 cleaved tau [167, 171].”
From Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (2020) · cites this paper as [167]
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GSK3: a possible link between beta amyloid peptide and tau protein
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Nrf2 reduces levels of phosphorylated tau protein by inducing autophagy adaptor protein NDP52
Jo, C., Gundemir, S., Pritchard, S., Jin, Y. N., Rahman, I., & Johnson, G. V. W. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms4496 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
“A complex consisting of the E3 ligase CHIP (C terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein) in conjunction with several chaperones likely plays a role in maintaining tau in a functional conformation or directing it towards the degradation machinery 8, 44–46 .”
The Mechanistic Links Between Proteasome Activity, Aging and Agerelated Diseases
Sáez, I., & Vı́lchez, D. (2014) · Current Genomics · doi:10.2174/138920291501140306113344 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
“The ubiquitin ligase CHIP promotes tau degradation [122, 123].”
BackgroundInfluentialBianco, C. L., Schneider, B. L., Bauer, M., Sajadi, A., Brice, A., Iwatsubo, T., & Aebischer, P. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0405313101 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Jana, N. R., Dikshit, P., Goswami, A., Kotliarova, S. E., Murata, S., Tanaka, K., & Nukina, N. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m412042200 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Sequestosome 1/p62 shuttles polyubiquitinated tau for proteasomal degradation
Babu, J. R., Geetha, T., & Wooten, M. W. (2005) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03181.x · Cited by 315 · see citing works
“Recently, two groups have reported that tau is K63 polyubiquitinated by the E3-CHIP (Petrucelli et al. 2004; Shimura et al. 2004).”
BackgroundSmall Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) Modification of Natively Unfolded Proteins Tau and α-Synuclein
Dorval, V., & Fraser, P. E. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m510127200 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Liang, W. S., Dunckley, T., Beach, T. G., Grover, A., Mastroeni, D., Ramsey, K., Caselli, R. J., Kukull, W. A., McKeel, D., Morris, J. C., et al. (2008) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00242.2007 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Dysregulation of Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Zheng, Q., Huang, T. Y., Zhang, L., Zhou, Y., Luo, H., Xu, H., & Wang, X. (2016) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2016.00303 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
“CHIP and its binding protein Hsp70 can induce the ubiquitination and degradation of phosphorylated tau (Petrucelli et al., 2004; Shimura et al., 2004), deletion of CHIP leads to the accumulation of nonaggregated, hyperphosphorylated, as well as caspase-3-cleaved tau (Dickey et al., 2006).”
BackgroundCook, C. N., Carlomagno, Y., Gendron, T. F., Dunmore, J. H., Scheffel, K., Stetler, C. T., Davis, M., Dickson, D. W., Jarpe, M. B., Deture, M. A., et al. (2013) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt402 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
“E1 (1:1000; human-specific tau antibody) was generated by our group against amino acid residues 19–33 within exon 1 of human tau (7,20,44).”
MethodSelf-citationHeat shock transcription factor 1 as a therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases
Neef, D. W., Jaeger, A. M., & Thiele, D. J. (2011) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd3453 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Alpha-synuclein and tau: teammates in neurodegeneration?
Moussaud, S., Jones, D. R., Moussaud-Lamodière, E. L., Delenclos, M., Ross, O. A., & McLean, P. J. (2014) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/1750-1326-9-43 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
“Heat shock proteins (HSPs) increase the association of tau with microtubules and regulate tau degradation, ubiquitination and phosphorylation [164,165].”
BackgroundRodríguez-Navarro, J. A., Rodríguez, L., Casarejos, M. J., Solano, R. M., Gómez, A., Perucho, J., Cuervo, A. M., García de Yébenes, J., & Mena, M. A. (2010) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2010.05.014 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
“Parkin and tau interaction has been described after overexpression of both proteins (Petrucelli et al., 2004).”
Autophagic degradation of tau in primary neurons and its enhancement by trehalose
Krüger, U., Wang, Y., Kumar, S., & Mandelkow, E.-M. (2012) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.11.009 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
“A number of reports have demonstrated that, in principle, tau can be degraded by the proteasome (David et al., 2002; Dickey et al., 2007; Petrucelli et al., 2004; Zhang et al., 2005).”
BackgroundImmunotherapy Targeting Pathological Tau Prevents Cognitive Decline in a New Tangle Mouse Model
Boutajangout, A., Quartermain, D., & Sigurdsson, E. M. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4363-10.2010 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
“Normal tau and at least certain species of nonaggregated hyperphosphorylated tau are likely degraded by the proteosome system as other soluble proteins (Petrucelli et al., 2004), whereas upon aggregation under pathological conditions, clearance through the autophagy/lysosomal system should be favored.”
BackgroundDisease-associated tau impairs mitophagy by inhibiting Parkin translocation to mitochondria
Cummins, N., Tweedie, A., Zuryn, S., Bertran‐Gonzalez, J., & Götz, J. (2019) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.201899360 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
“In support of our data, Parkin and tau have also been demonstrated to co-immunoprecipitate in other cell types (Petrucelli et al , 2004; Moore et al , 2008).”
The ubiquitin‐proteasome system in Alzheimer's disease
Oddo, S. (2008) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00276.x · Cited by 262 · see citing works
“368 protein (CHIP), an E3 ubiquitin ligase that ubiquitinates tau for degradation by the proteasome [99, 100].”
BackgroundThe ubiquitin–proteasome pathway in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases
Ross, C. A., & Pickart, C. M. (2004) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2004.10.006 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
The Chaperone-associated Ubiquitin Ligase CHIP Is Able to Target p53 for Proteasomal Degradation
Esser, C., Scheffner, M., & Höhfeld, J. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m501574200 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Mocanu, M.-M., Nissen, A., Eckermann, K., Khlistunova, I., Biernat, J., Drexler, D., Petrova, O., Schönig, K., Bujard, H., Mandelkow, E., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2824-07.2008 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
“Our proaggregation mice displayed complete reversibility of the changes involving TauRD/ K280 [i.e., once the expression ceased, the protein disappeared in soluble and aggregated form within 6 weeks, consistent with proteasomal degradation (Petrucelli et al., 2004)].”
BackgroundMin, J.-N., Whaley, R. A., Sharpless, N. E., Lockyer, P., Portbury, A. L., & Patterson, C. (2008) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00296-08 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
“CHIP recognizes, ubiquitinates, and degrades unfolded chaperone substrates (9, 30, 34).”
BackgroundDickey, C. A., Yue, M., Lin, W.-L., Dickson, D. W., Dunmore, J. H., Lee, W. C., Zehr, C., West, G., Cao, S., Clark, A. M. K., et al. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0746-06.2006 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
“The antibodies used were as follows: rabbit polyclonal CHIP antibody (1:1000) (Petrucelli et al., 2004); rabbit polyclonal total tau and ubiquitin antibodies (1:1000; Dako, Carpinteria, CA); Tau5 and Tau-C3 [mouse monoclonal total tau antibody (1:1000) and a monoclonal antibody recognizing tau…”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationHsp70 – a master regulator in protein degradation
Fernández-Fernández, M. R., Gragera, M., Ochoa‐Ibarrola, L., Quintana‐Gallardo, L., & Valpuesta, J. (2017) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1002/1873-3468.12751 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Tau Proteins and Tauopathies in Alzheimer’s Disease
Chong, F. P., Ng, K. Y., Koh, R. Y., & Chye, S. M. (2018) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s10571-017-0574-1 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Tau in neurodegenerative disease
Gao, Y.-L., Wang, N., Sun, F.-R., Cao, X.-P., Zhang, W., & Yu, J.-T. (2018) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm.2018.04.23 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
“The carboxy-terminus of heat shock protein 70-interacting protein (CHIP), which is identified as the ubiquitin ligase, bonds with the phosphorylated tau, cooperates with ubiquitin and subsequently target tau to the proteasome (106).”
BackgroundPratt, W. B., Gestwicki, J. E., Osawa, Y., & Lieberman, A. P. (2014) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124332 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Cellular and pathological functions of tau
Bravo, C. P., Naguib, S. A., & Gan, L. (2024) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-024-00753-9 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
“Using various ubiquitin linkages and at distinct tau residues, three E3 ubiquitin ligases ubiq-uitylate tau: the C terminus of the Hsp70-interacting protein, TNF receptor-associated factor 6 and membrane-associated RING-CH7 74–78 , indicating diverse degradation mechanisms.”
Root, J. T., Merino, P., Nuckols, A., Johnson, M. A., & Kukar, T. L. (2021) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105360 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Luo, H.-B., Xia, Y.-Y., Shu, X.-J., Liu, Z.-C., Feng, Y., Liu, X.-H., Yu, G., Yin, G., Xiong, Y.-S., Zeng, K., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1417548111 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
“When the cells are exposed to the stresses, CHIP, a ubiquitin ligase that interacts directly with Hsp70/90, can induce tau ubiquitination and thus selectively reduce the level of detergent insoluble tau (17).”
BackgroundCHIP Suppresses Polyglutamine Aggregation and ToxicityIn VitroandIn Vivo
Miller, V. M., Nelson, R. F., Gouvion, C. M., Williams, A. J., Rodríguez-Lebrón, E., Harper, S. Q., Davidson, B. L., Rebagliati, M. R., & Paulson, H. L. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3001-05.2005 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Dedmon, M. M., Christodoulou, J. C., Wilson, M. R., & Dobson, C. M. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m413024200 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Chemical Manipulation of Hsp70 ATPase Activity Regulates Tau Stability
Jinwal, U. K., Miyata, Y., Koren, J., Jones, J. R., Trotter, J. H., Chang, L., O’Leary, J. C., Morgan, D., Lee, D. C., Shults, C. L., et al. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3345-09.2009 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
“Genetic evidence has previously suggested that increasing Hsp70 levels leads to increased binding to tau, which was necessary for CHIP-mediated ubiquitination and degradation (Petrucelli et al., 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialAkt and CHIP coregulate tau degradation through coordinated interactions
Dickey, C. A., Koren, J., Zhang, Y.-J., Xu, Y.-F., Jinwal, U. K., Birnbaum, M. J., Monks, B., Sun, M., Cheng, J. Q., Patterson, C., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0709180105 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Self-citationTau clearance mechanisms and their possible role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease.
Chesser, A. S., Pritchard, S. M., & Johnson, G. V. W. (2013) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2013.00122 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
“However, another study, also using HEK cells and ubiquitin K48 and K63 mutants, demonstrated that in the presence of the E3 ligase CHIP, tau could be ubiquitylated by both K48 and K63 linkages (100).”
BackgroundTau Protein Interaction Partners and Their Roles in Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Tauopathies
Sinsky, J., Pichlerova, K., & Hanes, J. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22179207 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
“show that CHIP overexpression can promote tau aggregation [285], and ubiquitination of tau by axotrophin significantly reduces the affinity of tau protein to microtubules [292].”
BackgroundUbiquitin–proteasome system and Parkinson's disease
Olanow, C. W., & McNaught, K. S. P. (2006) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.21013 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Ma, Q., Zuo, X., Yang, F., Ubeda, O. J., Gant, D. J., Alaverdyan, M., Teng, E., Hu, S., Chen, P., Maiti, P., et al. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112.393751 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
“Overexpression of inducible HSP70 reduces soluble and insoluble Tau levels in aged mice (57).”
BackgroundIn vivo evidence of CHIP up‐regulation attenuating tau aggregation
Sahara, N., Murayama, M., Mizoroki, T., Urushitani, M., Imai, Y., Takahashi, R., Murata, S., Tanaka, K., & Takashima, A. (2005) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03272.x · Cited by 208 · see citing works
“Immunohistochemical studies found CHIP co-localized with tau-positive lesions in neurons and glia (Petrucelli et al. 2004).”
BackgroundInfluentialBeyer, K. (2006) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-006-0104-6 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
“The functional signiWcance of -synuclein SUMO1 conjugation remains unknown, but the fact that -synuclein can be degraded by the proteasome through both ubiquitin dependent [6, 101, 114] and independent processes [124] suggests that a similar SUMOdependent competition is operative in both pathways.”
BackgroundAutophagy in Alzheimer’s disease
Zare-shahabadi, A., Masliah, E., Johnson, G. V. W., & Rezaei, N. (2015) · Reviews in the Neurosciences · doi:10.1515/revneuro-2014-0076 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
“There are reports that have demonstrated UPS as a principal τ degradation system (David et al., 2002; Petrucelli et al., 2004; Zhang et al., 2005; Dickey et al., 2007).”
Wang, Y. P., Biernat, J., Pickhardt, M., Mandelkow�, E., & Mandelkow�, E. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0703676104 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Updates in Alzheimer's disease: from basic research to diagnosis and therapies
Liu, E., Zhang, Y., & Wang, J. (2024) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-024-00432-x · Cited by 220 · see citing works
“On the other hand, Hsp70 and Hsp104 show inhibitory effects on tau seeding and aggregation [451, 452].”
BackgroundMechanisms of Suppression of α-Synuclein Neurotoxicity by Geldanamycin in Drosophila
Auluck, P. K., Meulener, M. C., & Bonini, N. M. (2004) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m412106200 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Al‐Ramahi, I., Lam, Y. C., Chen, H.-K., Gouyon, B., Zhang, M., Perez, A. M., Branco, J., de Haro, M., Patterson, C., Zoghbi, H. Y., et al. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m601603200 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Tapia‐Rojas, C., Cabezas-Opazo, F., Deaton, C. A., Vergara, E. H., Johnson, G. V. W., & Quintanilla, R. A. (2018) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.12.005 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
“In vitro, overexpression studies showed that the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP (C-terminus of HSC70-interacting protein) interacts with Hsp70/90 and promotes ubiquitylation of tau (Petrucelli et al., 2004).”
BackgroundAllosteric Drugs: The Interaction of Antitumor Compound MKT-077 with Human Hsp70 Chaperones
Rousaki, A., Miyata, Y., Jinwal, U. K., Dickey, C. A., Gestwicki, J. E., & Zuiderweg, E. R. P. (2011) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2011.06.003 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and the Autophagic-Lysosomal System in Alzheimer Disease
Ihara, Y., Morishima-Kawashima, M., & Nixon, R. (2012) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a006361 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
“…it has been reported that the E3 ligase CHIP (carboxyl terminus of the Hsc70-interacting protein) binds to tau and is involved in the degradation of abnormal forms of tau, including insoluble tau and hyperphosphorylated tau, coordinately with Hsp70 (Petrucelli et al. 2004; Dickey et al. 2006).”
BackgroundCHIP controls necroptosis through ubiquitylation- and lysosome-dependent degradation of RIPK3
Seo, J., Lee, E.-W., Sung, H., Seong, D., Dondelinger, Y., Shin, J., Jeong, M., Lee, H.-K., Kim, J.-H., Han, S. Y., et al. (2016) · Nature Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/ncb3314 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Activation of Hsp70 reduces neurotoxicity by promoting polyglutamine protein degradation
Wang, A. M., Miyata, Y., Klinedinst, S., et al. (2012) · Nature Chemical Biology · doi:10.1038/nchembio.1140 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Membrane Trafficking Pathways in Alzheimer 's Disease
Rajendran, L., & Annaert, W. G. (2012) · Traffic · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2012.01332.x · Cited by 186 · see citing works
“Phosphorylated tau is polyubiquitinated implying proteasomal breakdown as an important clearing mechanism (147, 148).”
BackgroundSTUB1/CHIP is required for HIF1A degradation by chaperone-mediated autophagy
Ferreira, J. V., Fofo, H., Bejarano, E., Bento, C. F., Ramalho, J. S., Girão, H., & Pereira, P. (2013) · Autophagy · doi:10.4161/auto.25190 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Putcha, P., Danzer, K. M., Kranich, L. R., Scott, A., Silinski, M. A. R., Mabbett, S. R., Hicks, C. D., Veal, J. M., Steed, P. M., Hyman, B. T., et al. (2009) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.109.158436 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
“Furthermore, Hsp90-CHIP complexes can target and selectively degrade phosphorylated tau-protein implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (Petrucelli et al., 2004), and Hsp90 inhibitors are also neuroprotective against toxicity caused by A aggregation (Ansar et al., 2007) as well as existing and induced…”
BackgroundThe Cochaperone BAG2 Sweeps Paired Helical Filament- Insoluble Tau from the Microtubule
Carrettiero, D. C., Hernández, I., Neveu, P. A., Papagiannakopoulos, T. Y., & Kosik, K. S. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4660-08.2009 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
“The Tau protein triage system uses a complex consisting of the E3 ligase CHIP (C terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein) in conjunction with several chaperones to refold Tau or direct it toward the degradation machinery (Petrucelli et al., 2004; Shimura et al., 2004).”
BackgroundMechanisms tailoring the expression of heat shock proteins to proteostasis challenges
Boopathy, L. R. A., Jacob‐Tomas, S., Alecki, C., & Vera, M. (2022) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101796 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Geldanamycin induces Hsp70 and prevents α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity in vitro
McLean, P. J., Klucken, J., Shin, Y., & Hyman, B. T. (2004) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.021 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
CHIP Targets Toxic α-Synuclein Oligomers for Degradation
Tetzlaff, J. E., Putcha, P., Outeiro, T. F., Ivanov, A., Berezovska, O., Hyman, B. T., & McLean, P. J. (2008) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m802283200 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Poppek, D., Keck, S., Ermak, G., Jung, T., Stolzing, A., Ullrich, O., Davies, K. J. A., & Grune, T. (2006) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20060463 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Lee, G. S., & Leugers, C. J. (2012) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385883-2.00004-7 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Degradation of tau protein by autophagy and proteasomal pathways
Wang, Y., & Mandelkow, E. (2012) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20120071 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Statins reduce neuronal α‐synuclein aggregation in in vitro models of Parkinson’s disease
Bar‐On, P., Crews, L. A., Koob, A. O., Mizuno, H., Adame, A., Spencer, B. J., & Masliah, E. (2008) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05254.x · Cited by 166 · see citing works
“2005), immunoblot analysis was performed with neuronal cells fractionated into detergent soluble and insoluble fractions, as previously described with minor modifications (Petrucelli et al. 2004; Ho et al. 2005).”
Method
- Authors
- Petrucelli, L.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic in Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Petrucelli, L.
- ORCID
- Petrucelli, L.
- Venue
- Human Molecular Genetics
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-01-28
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 703-714
- ISSN
- 0964-6906 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2083
- OpenAlex
- W2168079270
- Cited by
- 735
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 19.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Human Molecular Genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Heat shock proteins research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Keywords
- CHIP, HSP70, tau protein, ubiquitination, protein degradation, tau aggregation, molecular chaperones, ubiquitin ligase
- MeSH terms
- Heat Shock Transcription Factors, Animals, Cell Line, Detergents, DNA-Binding Proteins, Genetic Vectors, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Lac Operon
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