Cited by 88Prenatal Screening and DiagnosticsReproductive System and PregnancyReproductive Health and Contraception

Ultrasonographic prediction of early miscarriage

Open access
Papaioannou, G. I., Syngelaki, A., Maiz, N., Ross, J. A., Nicolaides, K. H.·2011·Human Reproduction

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the value of maternal history and ultrasound scan findings at 6-10 weeks for predicting early miscarriage. METHODS: Embryonic crown-rump length (CRL), heart rate (HR), gestational sac diameter (GSD) and yolk sac diameter (YSD) were compared in two groups of women with singleton pregnancies attending an early pregnancy unit. In the first group the initial scan demonstrated a live embryo but in a subsequent visit the scan showed a dead embryo, complete or incomplete miscarriage. In the second group with a live embryo there was subsequent live birth of a normal neonate. RESULTS: There were 729 pregnancies with miscarriage and 4698 with normal outcome. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that in the prediction of miscarriage the risk was higher in women of African racial origin [odds ratio (OR) 1.62], cigarette smokers (OR 1.91) and those with vaginal bleeding (OR 2.03) and increased with maternal age (OR 1.05) and YSD (OR 1.88) and was inversely related to CRL (OR 0.79), HR (OR 0.96) and GSD (OR 0.84). At false-positive rate of 30%, the detection rate of miscarriage in screening by vaginal bleeding was 45%, 53% by the addition of maternal history factors and 85.7% by the addition of ultrasound findings. CONCLUSIONS: In early pregnancy a prediction of miscarriage can be provided by a combination of maternal characteristics and ultrasound findings and the estimated risk can be used to rationalize follow-up. Our multivariate model requires prospective evaluation in a new sample population.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1093/humrep/der130

Cites

42 of 42 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Papaioannou, G. I., Syngelaki, A., Maiz, N., Ross, J. A., & Nicolaides, K. H.
Affiliations
  • Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine (GB)
  • King's College Hospital (GB)
  • University College Hospital (GB)
Corresponding author
Nicolaides, K. H.
Venue
Human Reproduction
Published
2011-04-30
Volume
26
Issue
7
Pages
1685-1692
ISSN
  • 0268-1161 (ISSN-L)
  • 1460-2350
OpenAlex
W2110737651
Cited by
88
References
42
Citations by year
2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
FWCI
4.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
other-oa
Locations
  • Human Reproduction (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Screening and Diagnostics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
Keywords
early pregnancy loss, pregnancy loss prediction, first-trimester ultrasound, crown-rump length, fetal heart rate, gestational sac diameter, yolk sac diameter, vaginal bleeding, maternal risk factors, cigarette smoking, maternal age, singleton pregnancy
MeSH terms
Abortion, Spontaneous, Abortion, Incomplete, Adult, Female, Heart Rate, Fetal, Humans, Maternal Age, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, First, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies, Yolk Sac, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Crown-Rump Length, Black People, White People, Asian People, Gestational Sac

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review