The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cohort Profile: The ‘Children of the 90s’—the index offspring of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children
Open accessAbstract
The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a transgenerational prospective observational study investigating influences on health and development across the life course. It considers multiple genetic, epigenetic, biological, psychological, social and other environmental exposures in relation to a similarly diverse range of health, social and developmental outcomes. Recruitment sought to enroll pregnant women in the Bristol area of the UK during 1990-92; this was extended to include additional children eligible using the original enrollment definition up to the age of 18 years. The children from 14541 pregnancies were recruited in 1990-92, increasing to 15247 pregnancies by the age of 18 years. This cohort profile describes the index children of these pregnancies. Follow-up includes 59 questionnaires (4 weeks-18 years of age) and 9 clinical assessment visits (7-17 years of age). The resource comprises a wide range of phenotypic and environmental measures in addition to biological samples, genetic (DNA on 11343 children, genome-wide data on 8365 children, complete genome sequencing on 2000 children) and epigenetic (methylation sampling on 1000 children) information and linkage to health and administrative records. Data access is described in this article and is currently set up as a supported access resource. To date, over 700 peer-reviewed articles have been published using ALSPAC data.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The ALSPAC birth cohort follows children of 14 062 live births from women living in (the former) Avon County, a geographically defined region in southwest England, with expected dates of delivery between April 1991 and December 1992 (http://www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac).30”
From Variant connective tissue (joint hypermobility) and its relevance to depression and anxiety in adolescents: a cohort-based case–control study (2022) · cites this paper as [30]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“We tried to identify outcomes in the ALSPAC cohort67,68 that would be affected by confounders that are important in the relation of breastfeeding to later offspring outcomes but for which a biological/causal effect of breastfeeding was unlikely”
From Triangulation in aetiological epidemiology (2017) · cites this paper as [67]
In the citing paper
“For example, individual participant data from the large UK Biobank (which currently has genotypic, phenotypic and clinical data in up to 500 000 adults76) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (with very detailed data across three generations across their life course67,68) are available to researchers globally at modest cost”
From Triangulation in aetiological epidemiology (2017) · cites this paper as [67]
In the citing paper
“The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a prospective population-based birth cohort study that recruited 14 541 pregnant women resident in Avon, UK, with expected dates of delivery 1 April 1991 to 31 December 1992.26,27”
From A structured approach to hypotheses involving continuous exposures over the life course (2016) · cites this paper as [27]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Frayling, T. M., Timpson, N. J., Weedon, M. N., Zeggini, E., Freathy, R. M., Lindgren, C. M., Perry, J. R. B., Elliott, K. S., Lango, H., Rayner, N. W., et al. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1141634 · Cited by 4,531
Self-citationCohort Profile: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort
Fraser, A., Macdonald-Wallis, C., Tilling, K., Boyd, A., Golding, J., Davey Smith, G., Henderson, J., Macleod, J., Molloy, L., Ness, A., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys066 · Cited by 2,494
Self-citationMarmot, M. G., Allen, J., Goldblatt, P., Boyce, T., McNeish, D., Grady, M., & Geddes, I. (2010) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 1,404
Hibbeln, J. R., Davis, J. M., Steer, C., Emmett, P., Rogers, I., Williams, C., & Golding, J. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60277-3 · Cited by 987
Self-citationFactors Associated with the Development of Peanut Allergy in Childhood
Lack, G., Fox, D., Northstone, K., & Golding, J. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa013536 · Cited by 919
Self-citationFraser, A., Tilling, K., Macdonald-Wallis, C., Sattar, N., Brion, M.-J., Benfield, L., Ness, A., Deanfield, J., Hingorani, A., Nelson, S. M., et al. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.109.906081 · Cited by 486
Self-citationMattocks, C., Ness, A., Leary, S. D., Tilling, K. M., Blair, S. N., Hamilton-Shield, J. P., Deere, K. C., Saunders, J., Kirkby, J., Smith, G. D., et al. (2008) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.5.s1.s98 · Cited by 395
Self-citationAre sibling relationships protective? A longitudinal study
Gass, K., Jenkins, J. M., & Dunn, J. (2006) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01699.x · Cited by 369
Henderson, J., Northstone, K., Lee, S. P., Liao, H., Zhao, Y., Pembrey, M. E., Mukhopadhyay, S., Smith, G. D., Palmer, C. N. A., McLean, W. H. I., et al. (2008) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2008.01.026 · Cited by 352
Self-citationFish Intake During Pregnancy and Early Cognitive Development of Offspring
Daniels, J. L., Longnecker, M. P., Rowland, A. S., & Golding, J. (2004) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/01.ede.0000129514.46451.ce · Cited by 345
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Boyd, 2011, Using linkage to health and social administrative records to quantify the response rate to initial recruitment in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) and assess possible bias associated with non-response (Abstract)
- Marais, 2007, Regional Household Income
- Field, 2010, The Foundation Years: Preventing Poor Children Becoming Poor Adults
- Relton, 2009, Epigenetic epidemiology: evidence for the role of epigenetic variation in complex disease, Ann Nutr Metab, 55, 165
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bowden, J., Davey Smith, G., & Burgess, S. (2015) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyv080 · Cited by 9,816
Cohort Profile: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children: ALSPAC mothers cohort
Fraser, A., Macdonald-Wallis, C., Tilling, K., Boyd, A., Golding, J., Davey Smith, G., Henderson, J., Macleod, J., Molloy, L., Ness, A., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dys066 · Cited by 2,494
Self-citationTriangulation in aetiological epidemiology
Lawlor, D. A., Tilling, K., & Davey Smith, G. (2017) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyw314 · Cited by 1,129
Self-citationThe UK10K project identifies rare variants in health and disease
The UK10K Consortium, Writing group, Walter, K., Min, J. L., Huang, J., Crooks, L., Memari, Y., McCarthy, S., Perry, J. R. B., Xu, C., et al. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14962 · Cited by 1,040
Self-citationCollider scope: when selection bias can substantially influence observed associations
Munafò, M. R., Tilling, K., Taylor, A. E., Evans, D. M., & Davey Smith, G. (2018) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyx206 · Cited by 813
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Boyd, A., Golding, J., Macleod, J., Lawlor, D. A., Fraser, A., Henderson, J., Molloy, L., Ness, A., Ring, S., & Davey Smith, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Boyd, Andy
- Venue
- International Journal of Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2012-04-16
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 111-127
- ISSN
- 0300-5771 (ISSN-L)
- 1464-3685
- PMC
- PMC3600618
- OpenAlex
- W2123263006
- Cited by
- 2,996
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 158 · 2025: 242 · 2024: 243 · 2023: 253 · 2022: 280 · 2021: 344 · 2020: 257 · 2019: 243 · 2018: 216 · 2017: 162 · 2016: 157 · 2015: 143 · 2014: 150 · 2013: 126 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 122.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- International Journal of Epidemiology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (acceptedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (WT086118, WT086118/Z/08/Z, G0600705, G0701594, 092731, WT092731, 86118/Z/08/Z)
- University of Bristol (G0600705)
- Medical Research Council (G0701594, G0600705)
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/G007543/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, birth cohort, child development, health outcomes, epigenetics, DNA methylation, genome-wide data, genome sequencing, life course, data access
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anthropometry, Blood Banks, Child, Child Development, England, Environment, Female, Health Status, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Medical Record Linkage, Parents, Phenotype, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Socioeconomic Factors, Health Behavior, History, 20th Century, Genome-Wide Association Study
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
