Cited by 185Gut microbiota and healthInflammatory Bowel DiseaseOral microbiology and periodontitis research

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The Intestinal Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Becker, Christoph, Neurath, Markus F., Wirtz, Stefan·2015·ILAR Journal

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Abstract

The intestinal microbiota has important metabolic and host-protective functions. Conversely to these beneficial functions, the intestinal microbiota is thought to play a central role in the etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), a chronic inflammation of the gut mucosa. Genetic screens and studies in experimental mouse models have clearly demonstrated that IBD can develop due to excessive translocation of bacteria into the bowel wall or dysregulated handling of bacteria in genetically susceptible hosts. In healthy individuals, the microbiota is efficiently separated from the mucosal immune system of the gut by the gut barrier, a single layer of highly specialized epithelial cells, some of which are equipped with innate immune functions to prevent or control access of bacterial antigens to the mucosal immune cells. It is currently unclear whether the composition of the microbial flora or individual bacterial strains or pathogens induces or supports the pathogenesis of IBD. Further research will be necessary to carefully dissect the contribution of individual bacterial species to this disease and to ascertain whether specific modulation of the intestinal microbiome may represent a valuable further option for future therapeutic strategies.

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Authors: Becker, C., Neurath, M. F., & Wirtz, S.
Affiliations: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
Corresponding author: Becker, Christoph
ORCID: Becker, Christoph
Neurath, Markus F.
Wirtz, Stefan
Venue: ILAR Journal
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2015-08-31
Volume: 56
Issue: 2
Pages: 192-204
ISSN: 1084-2020 (ISSN-L)
1930-6180
DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilv030
OpenAlex: W2235910927
Cited by: 185
References: 144
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3
FWCI: 1.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: ILAR Journal (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords: gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, intestinal barrier, mucosal immunity, bacterial translocation, host susceptibility, microbiota modulation, treatment options
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Colitis, Ulcerative, Crohn Disease, Humans, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Models, Animal

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The Intestinal Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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