The DOI matches its Crossref record; 127 of the 129 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Toll-like receptors in innate immunity
Abstract
Functional characterization of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has established that innate immunity is a skillful system that detects invasion of microbial pathogens. Recognition of microbial components by TLRs initiates signal transduction pathways, which triggers expression of genes. These gene products control innate immune responses and further instruct development of antigen-specific acquired immunity. TLR signaling pathways are finely regulated by TIR domain-containing adaptors, such as MyD88, TIRAP/Mal, TRIF and TRAM. Differential utilization of these TIR domain-containing adaptors provides specificity of individual TLR-mediated signaling pathways. Several mechanisms have been elucidated that negatively control TLR signaling pathways, and thereby prevent overactivation of innate immunity leading to fatal immune disorders. The involvement of TLR-mediated pathways in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases has been proposed. Thus, TLR-mediated activation of innate immunity controls not only host defense against pathogens but also immune disorders.
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“Among the mentioned PRRs, TLRs play crucial role in the inflammatory responses to pathogenic infection and have been a target for many studies exploring phagocytosis course [201,202,203].”
From MicroRNAs as Regulators of Phagocytosis (2022) · cites this paper as [202]
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Cites
Akira, S., & Takeda, K. (2004) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1391 · Cited by 8,312
Self-citationDefective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
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A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA
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“TLR4 is the receptor for LPS. TLR9 is essential in CpG DNA recognition.”
InfluentialSelf-citationTakeda, K., Kaisho, T., & Akira, S. (2003) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141126 · Cited by 6,143
Self-citationRecognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-κB by Toll-like receptor 3
Alexopoulou, L., Holt, A. C., Medzhitov, R., & Flavell, R. A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35099560 · Cited by 6,129
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A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease
Ogura, Y., Bonen, D. K., Inohara, N., Nicolae, D. L., Chen, F. F., Ramos, R., Britton, H., Moran, T., Karaliuskas, R., Duerr, R. H., et al. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35079114 · Cited by 5,030
Recognition of Commensal Microflora by Toll-Like Receptors Is Required for Intestinal Homeostasis
Rakoff-Nahoum, S., Paglino, J., Eslami-Varzaneh, F., Edberg, S., & Medzhitov, R. (2004) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2004.07.002 · Cited by 4,251
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Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance
Olefsky, J. M., & Glass, C. K. (2010) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135846 · Cited by 2,733
IRF-7 is the master regulator of type-I interferon-dependent immune responses
Honda, K., Yanai, H., Negishi, H., Asagiri, M., Sato, M., Mizutani, T., Shimada, N., Ohba, Y., Takaoka, A., Yoshida, N., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03464 · Cited by 2,229
Regulation of Adaptive Immunity by the Innate Immune System
Iwasaki, A., & Medzhitov, R. M. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1183021 · Cited by 2,220
Innate immune recognition of viral infection
Kawai, T., & Akira, S. (2006) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1303 · Cited by 1,899
Kawai, T., & Akira, S. (2006) · Cell Death and Differentiation · doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401850 · Cited by 1,894
Metadata
- Authors
- Takeda, K.
- Affiliations
- Kyushu University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Takeda, K.
- ORCID
- Takeda, K.
- Venue
- International Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2004-11-22
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-14
- ISSN
- 0953-8178 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2377
- OpenAlex
- W2157339124
- Cited by
- 3,328
- References
- 129
- Citations by year
- 2026: 44 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 95 · 2022: 128 · 2021: 160 · 2020: 129 · 2019: 155 · 2018: 154 · 2017: 153 · 2016: 175 · 2015: 177 · 2014: 198 · 2013: 168 · 2012: 190
- FWCI
- 55.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Naito Foundation
- Uehara Memorial Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- Toll-like receptors, innate immunity, TLR signaling pathways, MyD88, TRIF, tram, autoimmune disease, inflammatory diseases, host defense against infection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacteria, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Infections, Membrane Glycoproteins, Phagocytosis, Phylogeny, Receptors, Cell Surface, Viruses, Signal Transduction, Toll-Like Receptors
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