Noninvasive Sampling Reveals Short-Term Genetic Rescue in an Insular Red Fox Population
Open accessAbstract
Genetic factors in the decline of small populations are extremely difficult to study in nature. We leveraged a natural experiment to investigate evidence of inbreeding depression and genetic rescue in a remnant population of subalpine-specialized Sierra Nevada red foxes (Vulpes vulpes necator) using noninvasive genetic monitoring during 2010–2017. Only 7 individuals were detected in the first 2 years. These individuals assigned genetically to the historical population and exhibited genetic hallmarks of inbreeding and no evidence of reproduction. Two years into the study, we detected 2 first-generation immigrant males from a recently expanding population of red foxes in the Great Basin Desert. Through annual resampling of individuals (634 red fox DNA samples, 41 individuals) and molecular reconstruction of pedigrees, we documented 1–3 litters/year for 5 years, all descended directly or indirectly from matings involving immigrant foxes. The observed heterozygosity and allelic richness of the population nearly doubled in 2 years. Abundance increased, indicative of a rapidly expanding population. Throughout the study, adult survival was high. Restoration of gene flow apparently improved the demographic trajectory of this population in the short term. Whether these benefits continue in the longer term could depend on numerous factors, such as maintenance of any locally adapted alleles. This study highlights the value of noninvasive genetic monitoring to assess rapidly shifting conditions in small populations. Uncertainties about the longer-term trajectory of this population underscore the need to continue monitoring and to research potential for both negative and positive aspects of continued genetic infusion.
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Average genotyping success (52.8%) was consistent with previous studies based on faecal DNA (e.g., 48%, 58%).
“Average genotyping success (52.8%) was consistent with previous studies based on faecal DNA (e.g., 48%44, 58%45).”
From Nutritional ecology of a prototypical generalist predator, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) (2024) · cites this paper as [45]
The Individual Assignments section reports that 363 of 634 red fox samples (57%) yielded usable genotypes, supporting the comparison with a roughly similar faecal-DNA success rate. It does not report the cited 58%; the 48% figure is attached to a different citation. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Nutritional ecology of a prototypical generalist predator, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Balestrieri, A., Gigliotti, S., Caniglia, R., Velli, E., Zambuto, F., De Giorgi, E., Mucci, N., Tremolada, P., & Gazzola, A. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-58711-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
- Authors
- Quinn, C. B., Alden, P. B., & Sacks, B. N.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Quinn, Cate B
- Venue
- Journal of Heredity
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2019-04-19
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 559-576
- ISSN
- 0022-1503 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-7333
- OpenAlex
- W2937379636
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 2.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Heredity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (F16AC0054)
- U.S. Forest Service (12-CS-11052007-021, 16-CS-11051600-023, 11-CS-11041702-046, 16-CS-f 1041730-034)
- National Park Service (P15AC01816)
- California Department of Fish and Wildlife (P1080019)
- National Science Foundation (1650042)
- UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Keywords
- genetic rescue, inbreeding depression, non-invasive genetic sampling, gene flow, heterozygosity, allelic richness, population growth, local adaptation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA, Mitochondrial, Foxes, Genetics, Population, Geography, Hybridization, Genetic, Inbreeding, Pedigree, Reproduction, Genetic Variation, Microsatellite Repeats
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