Garlic reduces dementia and heart-disease risk
Open accessAbstract
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including high cholesterol, high homocysteine, hypertension and inflammation, increase the risk of dementia, including its most common form, Alzheimer's disease (AD). High cholesterol is also associated with elevated beta-amyloid (Abeta), the hallmark of AD. Oxidative damage is a major factor in cardiovascular disease and dementia, diseases whose risk increases with age. Garlic, extracted and aged to form antioxidant-rich aged garlic extract (AGE or Kyolic), may help reduce the risk of these diseases. AGE scavenges oxidants, increases superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione levels, and inhibits lipid peroxidation and inflammatory prostaglandins. AGE reduces cholesterol synthesis by inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and is additive with statins in its action. Inhibition of cholesterol, LDL oxidation, and platelet aggregation by AGE, inhibits arterial plaque formation; AGE decreases homocysteine, lowers blood pressure, and increases microcirculation, which is important in diabetes, where microvascular changes increase heart disease and dementia risks. AGE also may help prevent cognitive decline by protecting neurons from Abeta neurotoxicity and apoptosis, thereby preventing ischemia- or reperfusion-related neuronal death and improving learning and memory retention. Although additional observations are warranted in humans, compelling evidence supports the beneficial health effects attributed to AGE in helping prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and lowering the risk of dementia and AD.
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AGE protected the brain from neurodegenerative diseases in an animal model by preventing brain injury following ischemia, saving neurons toward apoptosis, and inhibiting oxidative death caused by β-amyloid.
“Borek [93] evaluated the neuroprotective effect of AGE using an animal model and they showed that AGE protected the brain from neurodegenerative diseases by preventing brain injury following ischemia, saving neurons toward apoptosis, and inhibiting oxidative death caused by β-amyloid [94].”
From Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review (2020) · cites this paper as [93]
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- Authors
- Borek, C.
- Affiliations
- Tufts University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Borek, Carmia
- Venue
- The Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-03
- Volume
- 136
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 810S-812S
- ISSN
- 0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1899611968
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 13.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Garlic and Onion Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Keywords
- garlic, aged garlic extract, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, cholesterol, homocysteine, amyloid-beta, oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, statins, platelet aggregation, arterial plaque, blood pressure, microcirculation, diabetes mellitus, cognitive decline, neuroprotection
- MeSH terms
- Dementia, Garlic, Heart Diseases, Humans, Phytotherapy, Neoplasms, Plant Extracts, Thromboembolism, Neuroprotective Agents
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