Understanding the areas and correlates of diabetes-related distress in parents of teens with type 1 diabetes
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify the unique areas of diabetes-related distress (DD) for parents of teens with type 1 diabetes and parent and teen characteristics associated with DD. METHODS: Areas of DD were developed from structured interviews and translated into 46 survey items. Items were analyzed with exploratory factor analysis (EFA). RESULTS: An EFA with 332 parents (88% mothers) reduced items to four Parent Diabetes Distress Scale (PDDS) factors (20 items, α = .94): Personal, Teen Management, Parent/Teen Relationship, and Healthcare Team Distress. Parent DD was higher among fathers, younger or single parents, parents of teens with higher hemoglobin A1c or severe low blood glucose levels, authoritarian parenting, depressive symptoms, and low emotional support. CONCLUSIONS: 4 areas of parent DD were identified using a newly developed measure, the PDDS. DD was associated with family demographic, teen diabetes status, and parent contextual factors, and can help identify parents who may be more vulnerable to DD.
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Parents of children with type 1 diabetes are also prone to diabetes distress, which may affect their ability to support their child psychologically and with diabetes management.
“Parents of children with type 1 diabetes are also prone to diabetes distress (45), which could impact their ability to provide psychological and diabetes management support for their child.”
From Psychosocial care for people with diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association (2016) · cites this paper as [45]
Mothers and fathers of children with type 1 diabetes often experience high depression rates, particularly near diagnosis.
“Parents of children with type 1 diabetes are prone to high rates of depression, especially around the time of diagnosis (95,45).”
From Psychosocial care for people with diabetes: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association (2016) · cites this paper as [45]
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- Authors
- Hessler, D., Fisher, L., Polonsky, W., & Johnson, N.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of California System (US)
- University of South Florida (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Pediatric Psychology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-02-10
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 750-758
- ISSN
- 0146-8693 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-735X
- OpenAlex
- W2317898766
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 8.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Pediatric Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Keywords
- diabetes distress, type 1 diabetes, parents of adolescents, parent-adolescent relationships, authoritarian parenting, depressive symptoms, emotional support, single parents, HbA1c, hypoglycemia
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Humans, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Parents, Psychological Tests, Risk Factors, Stress, Psychological, Parenting
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