The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Natural and Artificial Intelligence in Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML) is a domain of artificial intelligence that allows computer algorithms to learn from experience without being explicitly programmed. OBJECTIVE: To summarize neurosurgical applications of ML where it has been compared to clinical expertise, here referred to as “natural intelligence.” METHODS: A systematic search was performed in the PubMed and Embase databases as of August 2016 to review all studies comparing the performance of various ML approaches with that of clinical experts in neurosurgical literature. RESULTS: Twenty-three studies were identified that used ML algorithms for diagnosis, presurgical planning, or outcome prediction in neurosurgical patients. Compared to clinical experts, ML models demonstrated a median absolute improvement in accuracy and area under the receiver operating curve of 13% (interquartile range 4-21%) and 0.14 (interquartile range 0.07-0.21), respectively. In 29 (58%) of the 50 outcome measures for which a P-value was provided or calculated, ML models outperformed clinical experts (P < .05). In 18 of 50 (36%), no difference was seen between ML and expert performance (P > .05), while in 3 of 50 (6%) clinical experts outperformed ML models (P < .05). All 4 studies that compared clinicians assisted by ML models vs clinicians alone demonstrated a better performance in the first group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that ML models have the potential to augment the decision-making capacity of clinicians in neurosurgical applications; however, significant hurdles remain associated with creating, validating, and deploying ML models in the clinical setting. Shifting from the preconceptions of a human-vs-machine to a human-and-machine paradigm could be essential to overcome these hurdles.
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Cited by
Machine learning and neurosurgical outcome prediction: a systematic review
Senders, J. T., Staples, P. C., Karhade, A. V., Zaki, M. M., Gormley, W. B., Broekman, M. L. D., Smith, T. R., & Arnaout, O. (2018) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2017.09.149 · Cited by 486
Self-citationRole of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Real-Life Clinical Practice: Systematic Review
Yin, J., Ngiam, K. Y., & Teo, H. H. (2021) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/25759 · Cited by 419
Artificial Intelligence Versus Clinicians in Disease Diagnosis: Systematic Review
Shen, J., Zhang, C. J. P., Jiang, B., Chen, J., Song, J., Liu, Z., He, Z., Wong, S. Y., Fang, P.-H., & Ming, W.-K. (2019) · JMIR Medical Informatics · doi:10.2196/10010 · Cited by 373
The impact of machine learning on patient care: A systematic review
Ben-Israel, D., Jacobs, W. B., Casha, S., Lang, S., Ryu, W. H. A., de Lotbiniere-Bassett, M., & Cadotte, D. W. (2020) · Artificial Intelligence in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.artmed.2019.101785 · Cited by 207
An introduction and overview of machine learning in neurosurgical care
Senders, J. T., Zaki, M. M., Karhade, A. V., Chang, B., Gormley, W. B., Broekman, M. L., Smith, T. R., & Arnaout, O. (2018) · Acta Neurochirurgica · doi:10.1007/s00701-017-3385-8 · Cited by 178
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Metadata
- Authors
- Senders, J. T., Arnaout, O., Karhade, A. V., Dasenbrock, H. H., Gormley, W. B., Broekman, M. L., & Smith, T. R.
- Venue
- Neurosurgery
- Published
- 2017-09-07
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 181-192
- ISSN
- 0148-396X (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4040
- OpenAlex
- W2763556273
- Cited by
- 264
- References
- 44
- FWCI
- 1.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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