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Effects of intermittent dieting with break periods on body composition and metabolic adaptation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Poon, Eric Tsz-Chun, Tsang, Jaclyn Hei, Sun, Fenghua, Zheng, Chen, Wong, Stephen Heung-Sang·2025·Nutrition Reviews
DOI 10.1093/nutrit/nuad168
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Abstract

Context: Intermittent dieting incorporated with break periods (INT-B) has recently been promoted as an alternative dietary approach for optimal weight management. Objective: This study assessed the effectiveness of INT-B compared with that of conventional continuous energy restriction (CER) for improving body composition and attenuating metabolic adaptation. Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted on 6 databases using all available records until July 2023. Data Extraction: The extracted data included the lead author, year of publication, population characteristics, intervention protocols, duration, and adherence. Data Analysis: Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for within-group and between-group comparisons of anthropometric and metabolic outcomes. Subgroup moderator analysis was performed for the types of INT-B, intervention duration, and population characteristics. Results: Of the 1469 records, 12 randomized trials (with 881 participants) were included. Within-group analyses demonstrated significant improvements in body mass, fat mass, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference following both INT-B and CER, with no significant group differences. However, resting metabolic rate (RMR) was significantly reduced following CER only. The compensatory reduction in RMR was significantly smaller following INT-B compared with CER, suggesting a lesser degree of metabolic adaptation. INT-B had a more significant effect on RMR retention in individuals with overweight/obesity compared with resistance-trained individuals. Conclusion: This review provides up-to-date evidence for INT-B as a viable dietary strategy to improve body composition and attenuate metabolic adaptation. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023448959.

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Crossref · 10.1093/nutrit/nuad168

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Citations

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Research works printed but not linked: 21

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Metadata

Authors
Poon, E. T.-C., Tsang, J. H., Sun, F., Zheng, C., & Wong, S. H.-S.
Affiliations
  • Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin,
  • Fitness Nutrition and Training Center , Sheungwan,
  • Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong , Taipo,
ORCID
Poon, Eric Tsz-Chun
Venue
Nutrition Reviews
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2024-01-08
Volume
83
Issue
1
Pages
59-71
ISSN
  • 0029-6643
  • 1753-4887
DOI
10.1093/nutrit/nuad168
Cited by
5
References
12
Language
en
Licence
academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)

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