Work and home stress: Associations with anxiety and depression symptoms
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: In the evolving work environment of global competition, the associations between work and home stress and psychological well-being are not well understood. AIMS: To examine the impact of psychosocial stress at work and at home on anxiety and depression. METHODS: In medically healthy employed men and women (aged 30-60), serial regression analyses were used to determine the independent association of psychosocial stress at work and at home with depression symptoms, measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and anxiety symptoms, measured using the Spielberger Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Psychosocial stress at work was measured using the Job Content Questionnaire to assess job psychological demands, job control, job social support and job insecurity. Psychosocial stress at home was assessed by 12 questions including stress at home, personal problems, family demands and feelings about home life. RESULTS: Serial regression analyses in 129 subjects revealed that job insecurity and home stress were most strongly associated with depression and anxiety symptoms. Job insecurity accounted for 9% of the variation both in BDI-II scores and in STAI scores. Home stress accounted for 13 and 17% of the variation in BDI-II scores and STAI scores, respectively. In addition, job social support was significantly and independently associated with STAI scores but not BDI-II scores. CONCLUSIONS: Work and home stress were associated with anxiety and depression symptoms in both men and women. Both work and home stress should be considered in studies evaluating anxiety and depression in working populations.
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The perception that an employee must prove their value to the organization and to other employees may create perceptions of occupational vulnerability and insecurity that could severely negatively impact wellbeing.
“The perception that an employee must prove their value to the organization and to other employees may create perceptions of occupational vulnerability and insecurity that could severely negatively impact wellbeing [72,73,74].”
From Assessing the Relative Impact of Diverse Stressors among Public Safety Personnel (2020) · cites this paper as [73]
Organizational stress can manifest as employees perceive a perpetual need to prove their value to their organization, which can facilitate perfectionism, retention or promotion insecurity, and unstable social supports.
“Organizational stress can also manifest as employees perceive a perpetual need to prove their value to their organization, which can facilitate perfectionism [30], retention or promotion insecurity [31], and unstable social supports [32,33,34].”
From Canadian Public Safety Personnel and Occupational Stressors: How PSP Interpret Stressors on Duty (2020) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Fan, L.-B., Blumenthal, J. A., Watkins, L. L., & Sherwood, A.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Occupational Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2015-01-14
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 110-116
- ISSN
- 0962-7480 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-8405
- PMC
- PMC4402380
- OpenAlex
- W1967943878
- Cited by
- 119
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 18.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Occupational Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL072390, HL072390)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01 RR 30)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Employment and Welfare Studies
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Keywords
- occupational stress, home stress, psychosocial stress, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, job insecurity, job control, psychological well-being, working adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anxiety, Depression, Employment, Female, Humans, Job Satisfaction, Male, Middle Aged, Occupational Diseases, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Environment, Social Support, Stress, Psychological, Occupational Health, Workplace
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