Prognostic factors and clustering of serious clinical outcomes in antiphospholipid syndrome
Open accessAbstract
We assessed whether initial clinical presentations suggestive of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) predicted the subsequent rate and type of serious clinical outcomes. Eighty-two consecutive patients with anticardiolipin antibodies or lupus anticoagulant were followed for 814 person-years after a first event suggestive of APS (livedo reticularis, thrombocytopenia, autoimmune haemolysis, thrombosis, central nervous system manifestations, recurrent abortions). The hazard of developing a second event was largest in patients with antibodies recognizing beta2 glycoprotein I who had autoimmune haemolysis as the first event (hazard ratio HR 2.70, p=0.018) and smallest in patients without such antibodies who had recurrent abortions as their first event (HR 0.37, p=0.028). Subsequent serious events in patients with venous and arterial thromboses, recurrent abortions, central nervous system manifestations and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia were likely to be of the same type as the presenting event (odds ratio (OR) 3.76, 5.90, 77.7, 6.92, and 7.13, respectively. Adjusting for therapy, the rate of subsequent serious events was 6.86-fold higher (p=0.0001) in patients presenting with two events, 1.56-fold higher (p=0.038) in autoimmune haemolysis presentations, 1.69-fold higher (p=0.004) in patients with anti-beta2-glycoprotein-I antibodies, and 46% (p=0.063) lower in thrombocytopenia presentations. Initial clinical features determine the long-term evolution of APS, and specific types of clinical manifestations cluster during the course of the disease.
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Antiphospholipid syndrome patients with arterial thrombosis have a higher risk of recurrence compared with those with venous thrombosis, and a tendency for recurrences in the same vascular bed.
“Patients with APS with arterial thrombosis have a higher risk of recurrence compared with those with venous thrombosis, and a tendency for recurrences in the same vascular (arterial) bed.34”
From EULAR recommendations for the management of antiphospholipid syndrome in adults (2019) · cites this paper as [34]
The ‘Clustering of similar clinical events’ section reports a tendency for subsequent thromboses to occur in the same vascular bed as the presenting thrombosis. It does not establish that patients presenting with arterial thrombosis have a higher overall recurrence risk than those presenting with venous thrombosis; its odds ratios measure same-type clustering against other presentations, not arterial-versus-venous recurrence risk. Page numbers were not supplied in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Tektonidou, M. G.
- Affiliations
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Tektonidou, M.G.
- ORCID
- Tektonidou, M.G.
- Venue
- QJM
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2000-08-01
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 523-530
- ISSN
- 0033-5622 (ISSN-L)
- 1460-2393
- OpenAlex
- W2139886079
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- QJM (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DSpace - NTUA (National Technical University of Athens) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Hellenic Rheumatology Society
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Vasculitis and related conditions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases
- Keywords
- antiphospholipid syndrome, prognostic factors, anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies, anticardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, thrombosis, recurrent pregnancy loss, central nervous system manifestations, thrombocytopenia, livedo reticularis, long-term follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anticoagulants, Aspirin, Autoantibodies, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Glycoproteins, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Male, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Warfarin, Cluster Analysis, Proportional Hazards Models, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Antibodies, Anticardiolipin, Disease Progression
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